for sure ;-)).  It now also optimizes more cases, such as %_%_.  Improve
comments too.  Per bug #5478.

In passing, also rename the TCHAR macro to GETCHAR, because pgindent is
messing with the formatting of the former (apparently it now thinks TCHAR
is a typedef name).

Back-patch to 8.3, where the bug was introduced.

but is __declspec (dllimport) on other compilers
because cygwin and mingw don't like dllexport.

move two paragraphs that apply to log shipping in general from the
"Alternative method for log shipping" section to the earlier sections.
Add varname tags where missing. Some small wording changes.

is treated like end-of-input, if nulls sort last in that column and we are not
doing outer-join filling for that input.  In such a case, the tuple cannot
join to anything from the other input (because we assume mergejoinable
operators are strict), and neither can any tuple following it in the sort
order.  If we're not interested in doing outer-join filling we can just
pretend the tuple and its successors aren't there at all.  This can save a
great deal of time in situations where there are many nulls in the join
column, as in a recent example from Scott Marlowe.  Also, since the planner
tends to not count nulls in its mergejoin scan selectivity estimates, this
is an important fix to make the runtime behavior more like the estimate.

I regard this as an omission in the patch I wrote years ago to teach mergejoin
that tuples containing nulls aren't joinable, so I'm back-patching it.  But
only to 8.3 --- in older versions, we didn't have a solid notion of whether
nulls sort high or low, so attempting to apply this optimization could break
things.

This saves cycles in get_ps_display() on many popular platforms, and more
importantly ensures that get_ps_display() will correctly return an empty
string if init_ps_display() hasn't been called yet.  Per trouble report
from Ray Stell, in which log_line_prefix %i produced junk early in backend
startup.

Back-patch to 8.0.  7.4 doesn't have %i and its version of get_ps_display()
makes no pretense of avoiding pad junk anyhow.

immutable, but that is wrong in general because the cast from the polymorphic
argument to text could be stable or even volatile.  Mark them volatile for
safety.  In the typical case where the cast isn't volatile, the planner will
deduce the correct expression volatility after inlining the function, so
performance is not lost.  The just-committed fix in CREATE INDEX also ensures
this won't break any indexing cases that ought to be allowed.

Per discussion, I'm not bumping catversion for this change, as it doesn't
seem critical enough to force an initdb on beta testers.

before it checks whether the expression is immutable.  This covers two cases
that were previously handled poorly:

1. SQL function inlining could reduce the apparent volatility of the
expression, allowing an expression to be accepted where it previously would
not have been.  As an example, polymorphic functions must be marked with the
worst-case volatility they have for any argument type, but for specific
argument types they might not be so volatile, so indexing could be allowed.
(Since the planner will refuse to inline functions in cases where the
apparent volatility of the expression would increase, this won't break
any cases that were accepted before.)

2. A nominally immutable function could have default arguments that are
volatile expressions.  In such a case insertion of the defaults will increase
both the apparent and actual volatility of the expression, so it is
*necessary* to check this before allowing the expression to be indexed.

Back-patch to 8.4, where default arguments were introduced.

independently from BUILDING_DLL. It is always __declspec(dllexport).

RELEASE SAVEPOINT to make an older savepoint with the same name
accessible. It's also possible to implicitly release the savepoint by
rolling back to an earlier savepoint, but mentioning that too would make
the note just more verbose and confusing.

In particular, it's bad to start walreceiver when in state
PM_WAIT_BACKENDS, because we have no provision to kill walreceiver
when in that state.

Fujii Masao

Robert Haas.

chains, do assorted wordsmithing.

than XLOG_BLCKSZ, by defining it as 16 * XLOG_BLCKSZ rather than directly
as 128k bytes.

otherwise we effectively rate-limit the streaming as pointed out by
Simon Riggs. Also, send the WAL in smaller chunks, to respond to signals
more promptly.

additional cases correctly.  The original coding failed to load additional
(chain) certificates from the client cert file, meaning that indirectly signed
client certificates didn't work unless one hacked the server's root.crt file
to include intermediate CAs (not the desired approach).  Another problem was
that everything got loaded into the shared SSL_context object, which meant
that concurrent connections trying to use different sslcert settings could
well fail due to conflicting over the single available slot for a keyed
certificate.

To fix, get rid of the use of SSL_CTX_set_client_cert_cb(), which is
deprecated anyway in the OpenSSL documentation, and instead just
unconditionally load the client cert and private key during connection
initialization.  This lets us use SSL_CTX_use_certificate_chain_file(),
which does the right thing with additional certs, and is lots simpler than
the previous hacking about with BIO-level access.  A small disadvantage is
that we have to load the primary client cert a second time with
SSL_use_certificate_file, so that that one ends up in the correct slot
within the connection's SSL object where it can get paired with the key.
Given the other overhead of making an SSL connection, that doesn't seem
worth worrying about.

Per discussion ensuing from bug #5468.

a uaCert entry in auth_failed().  Put the switch entries into a sane
order, namely the one the enum is declared in.

During Hot Standby we need to check for buffer pin deadlocks when the
Startup process begins to wait, in case it never wakes up again. We
previously made the deadlock check immediately on the basis it was
cheap, though clearer thinking and prima facie evidence shows that
was too simple. Refactor existing code to make it easy to add in
deferral of deadlock check until deadlock_timeout allowing a good
reduction in deadlock checks since far few buffer pins are held for
that duration. It's worth doing anyway, though major goal is to
prevent further reports of context switching with high numbers of
users on occasional tests.

Noted by Stephen Frost.

infelicities.

requests for client certs.  This lets a client with a keystore select the
appropriate client certificate to send.  In particular, this is necessary
to get Java clients to work in all but the most trivial configurations.
Per discussion of bug #5468.

Craig Ringer

1. If we receive a fast shutdown request while in the PM_STARTUP state,
process it just as we would in PM_RECOVERY, PM_HOT_STANDBY, or PM_RUN.
Without this change, an early fast shutdown followed by Hot Standby causes
the database to get stuck in a state where a shutdown is pending (so no new
connections are allowed) but the shutdown request is never processed unless
we end Hot Standby and enter normal running.

2. Avoid removing the backup label file when a smart or fast shutdown occurs
during recovery.  It makes sense to do this once we've reached normal running,
since we must be taking a backup which now won't be valid.  But during
recovery we must be recovering from a previously taken backup, and any backup
label file is needed to restart recovery from the right place.

Fujii Masao and Robert Haas

If the original IN operator is cross-type, for example int8 = int4,
we need to use int4 < int4 to sort the inner data and int4 = int4
to unique-ify it.  We got the first part of that right, but tried to
use the original IN operator for the equality checks.  Per bug #5472
from Vlad Romascanu.

Backpatch to 8.4, where the bug was introduced by the patch that unified
SortClause and GroupClause.  I was able to take out a whole lot of on-the-fly
calls of get_equality_op_for_ordering_op(), but failed to realize that
I needed to put one back in right here :-(

for pg_migrator, per suggestion from Magnus.

in their display of command-line options with other client applications.

Added a configure test for "long long" datatypes. So far this is only used in ecpg and replaces the old test that was kind of hackish.

improve 8.3 doc limitations paragraph.

proper default username.

its sole caller does that too.  Jan Matousek, via Pavel Stehule

from SpecialJoinInfo relid sets as well.  Per example from Vaclav Novotny.