From Robert Treat.

comment. Patch from Alvaro.

outer side of an outer join.  Per andrew@supernews.

daemonize routine, namely forcing stdin/stdout/stderr to point
to /dev/null.  Per Karl Denninger.

cases with binary-compatible relabeling.  My first try was implicitly
assuming that all operators scalarineqsel is used for have binary-
compatible datatypes on both sides ... which is very wrong of course.
Per report from Michael Fuhr.

PL languages.

January --- would return wrong year for 2005-01-01 and 2006-01-01.

per report from Robert Creager.

Backpatch to 8.0.X.

for a function taking no arguments, per report from Michael Fuhr.

exit.  Without this, operations triggered during backend exit (such as
temp table deletions) won't be counted ... which given heavy usage of
temp tables can lead to pg_autovacuum falling way behind on the need
to vacuum pg_class and pg_attribute.  Per reports from Steve Crawford
and others.

functions with OUT parameters.  The various PLs still need work, as does
pg_dump.  Rudimentary docs and regression tests included.

2 implement gtsvector_out for use with gevel module (debug GiST indexes, http://www.sai.msu.su/~megera/postgres/gist/gevel/)

old comment in the code claimed that this was necessary. Since it is not
actually necessary any more, it is clearer to remove the comment and
just return NULL instead -- the return value of ExecHash() is not used.

Mark Kirkwood.

platforms, and suggest using ~/.pgpass instead.

proposal for OUT parameter support.  The columns don't actually *do*
anything yet, they are just left NULLs.  But I thought I'd commit this
part separately as a fairly pure example of the tasks needed when adding
a column to pg_proc or one of the other core system tables.

implement any new feature, it just pushes the 'not implemented' error
message deeper into the backend.  I also tweaked the grammar to accept
Oracle-ish parameter syntax (parameter name first), as well as the
SQL99 standard syntax (parameter mode first), since it was easy and
people will doubtless try to use both anyway.

former to 100 by default.  Clean up some of the less necessary
dependencies on FUNC_MAX_ARGS; however, the biggie (FunctionCallInfoData)
remains.

change saves a great deal of space in pg_proc and its primary index,
and it eliminates the former requirement that INDEX_MAX_KEYS and
FUNC_MAX_ARGS have the same value.  INDEX_MAX_KEYS is still embedded
in the on-disk representation (because it affects index tuple header
size), but FUNC_MAX_ARGS is not.  I believe it would now be possible
to increase FUNC_MAX_ARGS at little cost, but haven't experimented yet.
There are still a lot of vestigial references to FUNC_MAX_ARGS, which
I will clean up in a separate pass.  However, getting rid of it
altogether would require changing the FunctionCallInfoData struct,
and I'm not sure I want to buy into that.

transaction rollback via UNDO but I think that's highly unlikely to
happen, so we may as well remove the stubs.  (Someday we ought to
rip out the stub xxx_undo routines, too.)  Per Alvaro.

really ought to run before canonicalize_qual, because it can now produce
forms that canonicalize_qual knows how to improve (eg, NOT clauses).
Also, because eval_const_expressions already knows about flattening
nested ANDs and ORs into N-argument form, the initial flatten_andors
pass in canonicalize_qual is now completely redundant and can be
removed.  This doesn't save a whole lot of code, but the time and
palloc traffic eliminated is a useful gain on large expression trees.

access: define new index access method functions 'amgetmulti' that can
fetch multiple TIDs per call.  (The functions exist but are totally
untested as yet.)  Since I was modifying pg_am anyway, remove the
no-longer-needed 'rel' parameter from amcostestimate functions, and
also remove the vestigial amowner column that was creating useless
work for Alvaro's shared-object-dependencies project.
Initdb forced due to changes in pg_am.

that is 'x = true' becomes 'x' and 'x = false' becomes 'NOT x'.  This isn't
all that amazingly useful in itself, but it ensures that we will recognize
the different forms as being logically equivalent when checking partial
index predicates.  Per example from Patrick Clery.

clean up itup.h a little bit.

structs.  There are many places in the planner where we were passing
both a rel and an index to subroutines, and now need only pass the
index struct.  Notationally simpler, and perhaps a tad faster.

for boolean indexes.  Previously we would only use such an index with
WHERE clauses like 'indexkey = true' or 'indexkey = false'.  The new
code transforms the cases 'indexkey', 'NOT indexkey', 'indexkey IS TRUE',
and 'indexkey IS FALSE' into one of these.  While this is only marginally
useful in itself, I intend soon to change constant-expression simplification
so that 'foo = true' and 'foo = false' are reduced to just 'foo' and
'NOT foo' ... which would lose the ability to use boolean indexes for
such queries at all, if the indexscan machinery couldn't make the
reverse transformation.

binary-compatible relabeling of one or both operands.  examine_variable
should avoid stripping RelabelType from non-variable expressions, so that
they will continue to have the correct type; and convert_to_scalar should
just use that type and ignore the other input type.  This isn't perfect
but it beats failing entirely.  Per example from Michael Fuhr.

checkInsertTargets().  Avoids O(N^2) behavior on wide target lists.