The MSVC build system already omitted these.

The majority practice is to add -DFRONTEND in directories building files
that are, at other times, built for the backend.  Some directories
lacking that property added a noise -DFRONTEND in one build system.
Remove the excess flags, for consistency.

Each of the libraries incorporates src/port files, which often check
FRONTEND.  Build systems disagreed on whether to build libpgtypes this
way.  Only libecpg incorporates files that rely on it today.  Back-patch
to 9.0 (all supported versions) to forestall surprises.

examples/, locale/, and thread/ lacked .gitignore files and were also
not connected up to top-level "make clean" etc.  This had escaped notice
because none of those directories are built in normal scenarios.  Still,
they have working Makefiles, so if someone does a "make" in one of these
directories it would be good if (a) git doesn't bleat about the product
files and (b) cleaning up removes them.

This is a longstanding oversight, but since this behavior is probably
only of interest to developers, there seems no need for back-patching.

Michael Paquier and Tom Lane

The cross-reference to set_append_rel_pathlist() was obsoleted by
commit e2fa76d8, which split what
had been set_rel_pathlist() and child routines into two sets of
functions.  But I (tgl) evidently missed updating this comment.

Back-patch to 9.2 to avoid unnecessary divergence among branches.

Amit Langote

It was previously mixed in with the description of ALTER TABLE
subcommands.  Move it to the Parameters section, which is where it is on
other reference pages.

pointed out by Amit Langote

Amit Langote and Thom Brown

In get_row_security_policies(), we need to make a copy of the relation
name when building the WithCheckOptions structure, since
RelationGetRelationName just returns a pointer into the local Relation
structure.  The relation name in the WCO structure is only used for
error reporting.

Pointed out by Robert and Christian Ullrich, who noted that the
buildfarm members with -DCLOBBER_CACHE_ALWAYS were failing.

There is enough code here to deserve a file of their own, not be buried
in the middle of execUtils.c.

When the startup process recovers transactions by scanning pg_twophase
directory, it should clear MyLockedGxact after it's done processing each
transaction. Like we do during normal operation, at PREPARE TRANSACTION.
Otherwise, if the startup process exits due to an error, it will try to
clear the locking_backend field of the last recovered transaction. That's
usually harmless, but if the error happens in MarkAsPreparing, while
holding TwoPhaseStateLock, the shmem-exit hook will try to acquire
TwoPhaseStateLock again, and deadlock with itself.

This fixes bug #13128 reported by Grant McAlister. The bug was introduced
by commit bb38fb0d, so backpatch to all supported versions like that
commit.

Apparently, the Bourne shell on Solaris doesn't like "for" loops with an
empty list, so have "make" skip the loop in that case.

Before, make check-world would create a new temporary installation for
each test suite, which is slow and wasteful.  Instead, we now create one
test installation that is used by all test suites that are part of a
make run.

The management of the temporary installation is removed from pg_regress
and handled in the makefiles.  This allows for better control, and
unifies the code with that of test suites not run through pg_regress.

review and msvc support by Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>

more review by Fabien Coelho <coelho@cri.ensmp.fr>

Commit a2e35b53 neglected to update the type OID to use further
down in DefineType when TypeShellMake was changed to return
ObjectAddress instead of OID (it got it right in DefineRange, however.)
This resulted in an internal error message being issued when looking up
I/O functions.

Author: Michael Paquier

Also add Asserts() to a couple of other places to ensure that the type
OID being used is as expected.

As pointed out by the buildfarm, test_rls_hooks wasn't functioning
properly with a clean installcheck.  test_rls_hooks needs to explicitly
load the library with the hooks in it, to allow installcheck to work;
using the --temp-config doesn't help since that isn't used when running
installcheck and it isn't exactly fair to the buildfarm to modify the
installed config prior to calling installcheck.

Also, have test_rls_hooks clean up after itself.

In prepend_row_security_policies(), defaultDeny was always true, so if
there were any hook policies, the RLS policies on the table would just
get discarded.  Fixed to start off with defaultDeny as false and then
properly set later if we detect that only the default deny policy exists
for the internal policies.

The infinite recursion detection in fireRIRrules() didn't properly
manage the activeRIRs list in the case of WCOs, so it would incorrectly
report infinite recusion if the same relation with RLS appeared more
than once in the rtable, for example "UPDATE t ... FROM t ...".

Further, the RLS expansion code in fireRIRrules() was handling RLS in
the main loop through the rtable, which lead to RTEs being visited twice
if they contained sublink subqueries, which
prepend_row_security_policies() attempted to handle by exiting early if
the RTE already had securityQuals.  That doesn't work, however, since
if the query involved a security barrier view on top of a table with
RLS, the RTE would already have securityQuals (from the view) by the
time fireRIRrules() was invoked, and so the table's RLS policies would
be ignored.  This is fixed in fireRIRrules() by handling RLS in a
separate loop at the end, after dealing with any other sublink
subqueries, thus ensuring that each RTE is only visited once for RLS
expansion.

The inheritance planner code didn't correctly handle non-target
relations with RLS, which would get turned into subqueries during
planning. Thus an update of the form "UPDATE t1 ... FROM t2 ..." where
t1 has inheritance and t2 has RLS quals would fail.  Fix by making sure
to copy in and update the securityQuals when they exist for non-target
relations.

process_policies() was adding WCOs to non-target relations, which is
unnecessary, and could lead to a lot of wasted time in the rewriter and
the planner. Fix by only adding WCO policies when working on the result
relation.  Also in process_policies, we should be copying the USING
policies to the WITH CHECK policies on a per-policy basis, fix by moving
the copying up into the per-policy loop.

Lastly, as noted by Dean, we were simply adding policies returned by the
hook provided to the list of quals being AND'd, meaning that they would
actually restrict records returned and there was no option to have
internal policies and hook-based policies work together permissively (as
all internal policies currently work).  Instead, explicitly add support
for both permissive and restrictive policies by having a hook for each
and combining the results appropriately.  To ensure this is all done
correctly, add a new test module (test_rls_hooks) to test the various
combinations of internal, permissive, and restrictive hook policies.

Largely from Dean Rasheed (thanks!):

CAEZATCVmFUfUOwwhnBTcgi6AquyjQ0-1fyKd0T3xBWJvn+xsFA@mail.gmail.com

Author: Dean Rasheed, though I added the new hooks and test module.

As noted by Etsuro Fujita [1] and Dean Rasheed[2],
cb1ca4d8 changed ExecBuildAuxRowMark()
to always look for the tableoid in the target list, but didn't also
change preprocess_targetlist() to always include the tableoid.  This
resulted in errors with soon-to-be-added RLS with inheritance tests,
and errors when using inheritance with foreign tables.

Authors: Etsuro Fujita and Dean Rasheed (independently)

Minor word-smithing on the comments by me.

[1] 552CF0B6.8010006@lab.ntt.co.jp
[2] CAEZATCVmFUfUOwwhnBTcgi6AquyjQ0-1fyKd0T3xBWJvn+xsFA@mail.gmail.com

There were a couple of hard-coded sleeps in the tests: to wait for standby
to catch up with master, and to wait for promotion with "pg_ctl promote"
to complete. Instead of a fixed, hard-coded sleep, poll the server with a
query once a second. This isn't ideal either, and I wish we had a better
solution for real-world applications too, but this should fix the
immediate problem.

Patch by Michael Paquier, with some editing by me.

In d811c037 active_in was added but discussion since showed that
active_pid is preferred as a name.

Discussion: CAMsr+YFKgZca5_7_ouaMWxA5PneJC9LNViPzpDHusaPhU9pA7g@mail.gmail.com

Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>

Generalize the remarks previously made about NOT NULL constraints to
CHECK constraints.

Etsuro Fujita

Michael Paquier

Right now it is visible whether a replication slot is active in any
session, but not in which.  Adding the active_in column, containing the
pid of the backend having acquired the slot, makes it much easier to
associate pg_replication_slots entries with the corresponding
pg_stat_replication/pg_stat_activity row.

This should have been done from the start, but I (Andres) dropped the
ball there somehow.

Author: Craig Ringer, revised by me Discussion:
CAMsr+YFKgZca5_7_ouaMWxA5PneJC9LNViPzpDHusaPhU9pA7g@mail.gmail.com

Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>

Previously, tables created by CREATE LIKE never had OIDs.

Report by Tom Lane

Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>

Was broken by commit 30982be4.

Patch by Jeff Janes

The USING policies were not being checked for differences as the same
policy was being passed in to both sides of the equal().  This could
result in backends not realizing that a policy had been changed, if
none of the other attributes had been changed.

Fix by passing to equal() the policy1 and policy2 using quals for
comparison.

No need to back-patch as this is not yet released.  Noticed while
testing changes to RLS proposed by Dean Rasheed.

This allows an MSVC build to run regression tests related to modules in
src/test/modules.

Author: Michael Paquier
Reviewed by: Andrew Dunstan

Report by CJ Estel

Backpatch through 9.4

These modules have to be installed so that the testing module can access
them.  (We don't have that yet, but will soon have it.)

Author: Michael Paquier
Reviewed by: Andrew Dunstan

Logical decoding set SnapshotData's regd_count field to avoid the
snapshot manager from prematurely freeing snapshots that are generated
by the decoding system. That was always an abuse of the field, as it was
never supposed to be used outside the snapshot manager. Commit 94028691
made snapshot manager's tracking of the snapshots smarter, and that scheme
fell apart. The snapshot manager got confused and hit the assertion, when
a snapshot that was marked with regd_count==1 was not found in the heap,
where the snapshot manager tracks registered the snapshots.

To fix, don't abuse the regd_count field like that. Logical decoding still
abuses the active_count field for similar purposes, but that's currently
harmless.

The assertion failure was first reported by Michael Paquier

commit_ts, being only a module used for test purposes, is ignored in the
process for now.

Author: Michael Paquier
Reviewed by: Andrew Dunstan

A "file not found" is expected if the source server is running, so don't
complain about that. But any other error is definitely not expected.

Update comments and function names to use the terms "source" and "target"
consistently. Some places were calling them remote and local instead, which
was confusing.

Fix incorrect comment in extractPageInfo on database creation record - it
was wrong on what happens for databases created in the target that don't
exist in source.

Now that the test servers are initialized twice in each .pl script,
the single END block is not enough to stop them. Add a new clean_rewind_test
function that is called at the end of each test.

Michael Paquier

After the WAL format changes, the calculation of the size of a checkpoint
record became incorrect. Instead of trying to fix the math, check that the
previous record, i.e. the xl_prev value that we'd write for the next
record, matches the last checkpoint's redo pointer. That way it's not
dependent on the size of the checkpoint record at all.

The old logic was actually slightly wrong all along: if the previous
checkpoint record crossed a page boundary, the page headers threw off the
record size calculation, and the checkpoint was not skipped. The new
checkpoint would not cross a page boundary, so this only resulted in at
most one extra checkpoint after the system became idle. The new logic fixes
that. (It's not worth fixing in backbranches).

However, it makes some sense to try to keep the latest checkpoint contained
fully in a page, or at least in a single WAL segment, just on general
robustness grounds. If something goes awfully wrong, it's more likely that
you can recover the latest WAL segment, than the last two WAL segments. So
I added an extra check that the checkpoint is not skipped if the previous
checkpoint crossed a WAL segment.

Reported by Jeff Janes.

Reviewed-by: Michael Paquier <michael.paquier@gmail.com>