Our own qsort_arg() implementation doesn't have the defect previously
observed to affect only QNX 4, so it seems sufficiently to assert that
it isn't broken rather than retesting.  Also, update a few comments to
clarify why it's valuable to retain a tie-break rule based on CTID
during index builds.

Peter Geoghegan, with slight tweaks by me.

We now use the same error message for ALTER TABLE .. ADD COLUMN or
ALTER TABLE .. RENAME COLUMN that we do for CREATE TABLE.  The old
message was accurate, but might be confusing to users not aware of our
system columns.

Vik Reykja, with some changes by me, and further proofreading by Tom Lane

To make it wake up promptly when activity starts again, backends nudge it
by setting a latch in MarkBufferDirty(). The latch is kept set while
bgwriter is active, so there is very little overhead from that when the
system is busy. It is only armed before going into longer sleep.

Peter Geoghegan, with some changes by me.

Adds a counter that tracks number of deadlocks that occurred in
each database to pg_stat_database.

Magnus Hagander, reviewed by Jaime Casanova

This doesn't do anything useful just yet, but is intended as supporting
infrastructure for allowing sepgsql to sensibly check DROP permissions.

KaiGai Kohei and Robert Haas

Add counters for number and size of temporary files used
for spill-to-disk queries for each database to the
pg_stat_database view.

Tomas Vondra, review by Magnus Hagander

Rip out a regression test that doesn't play well with settings put in
place by the build farm, and rewrite the code in CheckIndexCompatible
in a hopefully more transparent style.

Patch by me; review by Tom Lane, Jeff Davis, and Peter Geoghegan.

This enables a bunch of features, notably ON_ERROR_ROLLBACK.  It also
makes COPY failure (either in the server or psql) as a whole behave more
sanely in psql.

Additionally, having more commands in the same command line as COPY
works better (though since psql splits lines at semicolons, this doesn't
matter much unless you're using -c).

Also tighten a couple of switches on PQresultStatus() to add
PGRES_COPY_BOTH support and stop assuming that unknown statuses received
are errors; have those print diagnostics where warranted.

Author: Noah Misch

This gives up the "don't rewrite the index" behavior in a couple of
relatively unimportant cases, such as changing between an array type
and an unconstrained domain over that array type, in return for
making this code more future-proof.

Noah Misch

Base backup follows recommended procedure, plus goes to great
lengths to ensure that partial page writes are avoided.

Jun Ishizuka and Fujii Masao, with minor modifications

This reports the depth level of triggers currently in execution, or zero
if not called from inside a trigger.

No catversion bump in this patch, but you have to initdb if you want
access to the new function.

Author: Kevin Grittner

have pg_upgrade allocate a maximum fixed size buffer for testing the
library file name, rather than base the allocation on the library name.

Backpatch to 9.1.

"plpython2" when upgrading from pre-PG 9.1.  Patch to head and 9.1.

Per report from Peter.

check cluster version numbers, and fix missing table alias.

Replication occurs only to memory on standby, not to disk,
so provides additional performance if user wishes to
reduce durability level slightly. Adds concept of multiple
independent sync rep queues.

Fujii Masao and Simon Riggs

format_type_be() takes care of any needed quoting itself.

to match surrounding outdenting.

Drop the role we create, so regression tests pass even when run more
than once against the same cluster, a problem noted by Tom Lane and
Jeff Janes.  Also, rename the temporary role so that it starts with
"regress_", to make it unlikely that we'll collide with an existing
role name while running "make installcheck", per further gripe from
Tom Lane.

We log AccessExclusiveLocks for replay onto standby nodes,
but because of timing issues on ProcArray it is possible to
log a lock that is still held by a just committed transaction
that is very soon to be removed. To avoid any timing issue we
avoid applying locks made by transactions with InvalidXid.

Simon Riggs, bug report Tom Lane, diagnosis Pavan Deolasee

e.g. ALTER FOREIGN TABLE IF EXISTS foo RENAME TO bar

Pavel Stehule

Guillaume Lelarge

Previously, only GRANT/REVOKE privilege was supported.

reviewed by Pavel Stehule

Jaime Casanova

This renders badly on the website, and in this particular case also
doesn't actually add anything to the readability...

Fujii Masao

Kevin Grittner, reviewed (in earlier versions) by Álvaro Herrera

Text by Peter Geoghegan.

Brendan Jurd, reviewed by Fujii Masao

This separates the state (running/idle/idleintransaction etc) into
it's own field ("state"), and leaves the query field containing just
query text.

The query text will now mean "current query" when a query is running
and "last query" in other states. Accordingly,the field has been
renamed from current_query to query.

Since backwards compatibility was broken anyway to make that, the procpid
field has also been renamed to pid - along with the same field in
pg_stat_replication for consistency.

Scott Mead and Magnus Hagander, review work from Greg Smith

That avoids errors when the functions are used in queries like "SELECT
pg_relation_size(oid) FROM pg_class", and a table is dropped concurrently.

Phil Sorber

Change the usesavedplan() example to use a more modern Python style
using the .setdefault() function.

When the only remaining active transactions are READ ONLY, we do a "partial
cleanup" of committed transactions because certain types of conflicts
aren't possible anymore. For committed r/w transactions, we release the
SIREAD locks but keep the SERIALIZABLEXACT. However, for committed r/o
transactions, we can go further and release the SERIALIZABLEXACT too. The
problem was with the latter case: we were returning the SERIALIZABLEXACT to
the free list without removing it from the finished list.

The only real change in the patch is the SHMQueueDelete line, but I also
reworked some of the surrounding code to make it obvious that r/o and r/w
transactions are handled differently -- the existing code felt a bit too
clever.

Dan Ports