The xmltable() implementation mirrors xpath(), including its lack of
character encoding awareness.

The check for IPC::Run we added in commit c254970a is useful in simple
cases, but there are real use-cases where "prove" is coming from a
different Perl installation than the "perl" we want to use to build.
In such cases asking whether "perl" knows about IPC::Run is irrelevant
and can cause an unnecessary configure failure.  Hence, if user has
specified a value for PROVE, skip the IPC::Run check.  Per discussion
with Andrew Dunstan.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/E1dcE5n-0005Sk-UE@gemulon.postgresql.org

Source-Git-URL: git://git.postgresql.org/git/pgtranslation/messages.git
Source-Git-Hash: 1a0b5e655d7871506c2b1c7ba562c2de6b6a55de

Security: CVE-2017-7546, CVE-2017-7547, CVE-2017-7548

This would lead to failures if local and remote tables have a different
column order.  The tests previously didn't catch that because they only
tested the initial data copy.  So add another test that exercises the
apply worker.

Author: Petr Jelinek <petr.jelinek@2ndquadrant.com>

The relation attribute map was not initialized for dropped columns,
leading to errors later on.

Author: Petr Jelinek <petr.jelinek@2ndquadrant.com>
Reported-by: Scott Milliken <scott@deltaex.com>
Bug: #14769

lo_put() surely should require UPDATE permission, the same as lowrite(),
but it failed to check for that, as reported by Chapman Flack.  Oversight
in commit c50b7c09; backpatch to 9.4 where that was introduced.

Tom Lane and Michael Paquier

Security: CVE-2017-7548

Commit 3eefc510 claimed to make
pg_user_mappings enforce the qualifications user_mapping_options had
been enforcing, but its removal of a longstanding restriction left them
distinct when the current user is the subject of a mapping yet has no
server privileges.  user_mapping_options emits no rows for such a
mapping, but pg_user_mappings includes full umoptions.  Change
pg_user_mappings to show null for umoptions.  Back-patch to 9.2, like
the above commit.

Reviewed by Tom Lane.  Reported by Jeff Janes.

Security: CVE-2017-7547

Some authentication methods allowed it, others did not. In the client-side,
libpq does not even try to authenticate with an empty password, which makes
using empty passwords hazardous: an administrator might think that an
account with an empty password cannot be used to log in, because psql
doesn't allow it, and not realize that a different client would in fact
allow it. To clear that confusion and to be be consistent, disallow empty
passwords in all authentication methods.

All the authentication methods that used plaintext authentication over the
wire, except for BSD authentication, already checked that the password
received from the user was not empty. To avoid forgetting it in the future
again, move the check to the recv_password_packet function. That only
forbids using an empty password with plaintext authentication, however.
MD5 and SCRAM need a different fix:

* In stable branches, check that the MD5 hash stored for the user does not
not correspond to an empty string. This adds some overhead to MD5
authentication, because the server needs to compute an extra MD5 hash, but
it is not noticeable in practice.

* In HEAD, modify CREATE and ALTER ROLE to clear the password if an empty
string, or a password hash that corresponds to an empty string, is
specified. The user-visible behavior is the same as in the stable branches,
the user cannot log in, but it seems better to stop the empty password from
entering the system in the first place. Secondly, it is fairly expensive to
check that a SCRAM hash doesn't correspond to an empty string, because
computing a SCRAM hash is much more expensive than an MD5 hash by design,
so better avoid doing that on every authentication.

We could clear the password on CREATE/ALTER ROLE also in stable branches,
but we would still need to check at authentication time, because even if we
prevent empty passwords from being stored in pg_authid, there might be
existing ones there already.

Reported by Jeroen van der Ham, Ben de Graaff and Jelte Fennema.

Security: CVE-2017-7546

Reported-by: Peter Geoghegan <pg@bowt.ie>

Reported-by: Yugo Nagata <nagata@sraoss.co.jp>

The NOTICE messages about tables being added or removed during
subscription refresh would be incorrect and possibly confusing if the
transaction rolls back, so silence them but keep them available for
debugging.

Discussion: https://www.postgresql.org/message-id/CAD21AoAvaXizc2h7aiNyK_i0FQSa-tmhpdOGwbhh7Jy544Ad4Q%40mail.gmail.com

We're planning to put an underscore before the major version number in
branch names for v10 and later.  Make sure the recipe in RELEASE_CHANGES
reflects that.

In passing, add a reminder to consider doing pgindent right before
the branch.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/E1dAkjZ-0003MG-0U@gemulon.postgresql.org

The callers for GetOldestSafeDecodingTransactionId() all inverted the
argument for the argument introduced in 2bef06d5. Luckily this
appears to be inconsequential for the moment, as we wait for
concurrent in-progress transaction when assembling a
snapshot. Additionally this could only make a difference when adding a
second logical slot, because only a pre-existing slot could cause an
issue by lowering the returned xid dangerously much.

Reported-By: Antonin Houska
Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/32704.1496993134@localhost
Backport: 9.4-, where 2bef06d5 was backpatched to.

This just contains the regression tests added by a fix for a 9.4
specific bug regarding $subject.

Author: Andres Freund
Backpatch: 9.5-

Tidy-up for commit eccead9e.

Without ICU's header files, "configure --with-icu" would succeed anyway,
at least when using the non-pkgconfig-based setup.  Then you got a bunch of
ugly failures at build.  Add an explicit header check to tighten that up.

Previously, it had no effect.  Now, if archive_mode=always, it will
work, and if not, you'll get a warning.

Masahiko Sawada, Michael Paquier, and Robert Haas.  The patch as
submitted also changed the behavior so that we would write and remove
history files on standbys, but that seems like material for a separate
patch to me.

Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAD21AoC2Xw6M=ZJyejq_9d_iDkReC_=rpvQRw5QsyzKQdfYpkw@mail.gmail.com

Supporting ICU 4.2 seems useful because it ships with CentOS 6.

Versions before ICU 4.6 don't support pkg-config, so document an
installation method without using pkg-config.

In ICU 4.2, ucol_getKeywordsForLocale() sometimes returns values that
will not be accepted by uloc_toLanguageTag().  Skip loading keyword
variants in that version.
Reported-by: Victor Wagner <vitus@wagner.pp.ru>

If the table being attached had different attribute numbers than the
parent, the old code could incorrectly decide it needed to be scanned.

Amit Langote, reviewed by Ashutosh Bapat

Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CA+TgmobexgbBr2+Utw-pOMw9uxaBRKRjMW_-mmzKKx9PejPLMg@mail.gmail.com

This allows a transaction abort to avoid killing those workers.

Author: Petr Jelinek <petr.jelinek@2ndquadrant.com>

If it works, then we won't be storing two copies of all the tuples
that were just moved.  If not, VACUUM will still take care of it
eventually.  Per a report from AP and analysis from Amit Kapila, it
seems that a bulk load can cause splits fast enough that VACUUM won't
deal with the problem in time to prevent bloat.

Amit Kapila; I rewrote the comment.

Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/20170704105728.mwb72jebfmok2nm2@zip.com.au

As usual, the release notes for other branches will be made by cutting
these down, but put them up for community review first.

Per a report from AP, it's not that hard to exhaust the supply of
bitmap pages if you create a table with a hash index and then insert a
few billion rows - and then you start getting errors when you try to
insert additional rows.  In the particular case reported by AP,
there's another fix that we can make to improve recycling of overflow
pages, which is another way to avoid the error, but there may be other
cases where this problem happens and that fix won't help.  So let's
buy ourselves as much headroom as we can without rearchitecting
anything.

The comments claim that the old limit was 64GB, but it was really
only 32GB, because we didn't use all the bits in the page for bitmap
bits - only the largest power of 2 that could fit after deducting
space for the page header and so forth.  Thus, we have 4kB per page
for bitmap bits, not 8kB.  The new limit is thus actually 8 times the
old *real* limit but only 4 times the old *purported* limit.

Since this breaks on-disk compatibility, bump HASH_VERSION.  We've
already done this earlier in this release cycle, so this doesn't cause
any incremental inconvenience for people using pg_upgrade from
releases prior to v10.  However, users who use pg_upgrade to reach
10beta3 or later from 10beta2 or earlier will need to REINDEX any hash
indexes again.

Amit Kapila and Robert Haas

Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/20170704105728.mwb72jebfmok2nm2@zip.com.au

If you do ALTER COLUMN SET NOT NULL against an inheritance parent table,
it will recurse to mark all the child columns as NOT NULL as well.  This
is necessary for consistency: if the column is labeled NOT NULL then
reading it should never produce nulls.

However, that didn't happen in the case where ALTER ... ADD PRIMARY KEY
marks a target column NOT NULL that wasn't before.  That was questionable
from the beginning, and now Tushar Ahuja points out that it can lead to
dump/restore failures in some cases.  So let's make that case recurse too.

Although this is meant to fix a bug, it's enough of a behavioral change
that I'm pretty hesitant to back-patch, especially in view of the lack
of similar field complaints.  It doesn't seem to be too late to put it
into v10 though.

Michael Paquier, editorialized on slightly by me

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/b8794d6a-38f0-9d7c-ad4b-e85adf860fc9@enterprisedb.com

We don't actually support session tickets, since we do not create an SSL
session identifier.  But it seems that OpenSSL will issue a session ticket
on-demand anyway, which will then fail when used.  This results in
reconnection failures when using ticket-aware client-side SSL libraries
(such as the Npgsql .NET driver), as reported by Shay Rojansky.

To fix, just tell OpenSSL not to issue tickets.  At some point in the
far future, we might consider enabling tickets instead.  But the security
implications of that aren't entirely clear; and besides it would have
little benefit except for very short-lived database connections, which is
Something We're Bad At anyhow.  It would take a lot of other work to get
to a point where that would really be an exciting thing to do.

While at it, also tell OpenSSL not to use a session cache.  This doesn't
really do anything, since a backend would never populate the cache anyway,
but it might gain some micro-efficiencies and/or reduce security
exposures.

Patch by me, per discussion with Heikki Linnakangas and Shay Rojansky.
Back-patch to all supported versions.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/CADT4RqBU8N-csyZuzaook-c795dt22Zcwg1aHWB6tfVdAkodZA@mail.gmail.com

ALTER USER ... SET did not support all the syntax variants of ALTER ROLE
...  SET.  Fix that, and to avoid further deviations of this kind, unify
many the grammar rules for ROLE/USER/GROUP commands.
Reported-by: Pavel Golub <pavel@microolap.com>

Because we push all ACL (i.e. GRANT/REVOKE) restore steps to the end,
materialized view refreshes were occurring while the permissions on
referenced objects were still at defaults.  This led to failures if,
say, an MV owned by user A reads from a table owned by user B, even
if B had granted the necessary privileges to A.  We've had multiple
complaints about that type of restore failure, most recently from
Jordan Gigov.

The ideal fix for this would be to start treating ACLs as dependency-
sortable objects, rather than hard-wiring anything about their dump order
(the existing approach is a messy kluge dating to commit dc0e76ca).
But that's going to be a rather major change, and it certainly wouldn't
lead to a back-patchable fix.  As a short-term solution, convert the
existing two-pass hack (ie, normal objects then ACLs) to a three-pass hack,
ie, normal objects then ACLs then matview refreshes.  Because this happens
in RestoreArchive(), it will also fix the problem when restoring from an
existing archive-format dump.

(Note this means that if a matview refresh would have failed under the
permissions prevailing at dump time, it'll fail during restore as well.
We'll define that as user error rather than something we should try
to work around.)

To avoid performance loss in parallel restore, we need the matview
refreshes to still be parallelizable.  Hence, clean things up enough
so that both ACLs and matviews are handled by the parallel restore
infrastructure, instead of reverting back to serial restore for ACLs.
There is still a final serial step, but it shouldn't normally have to
do anything; it's only there to try to recover if we get stuck due to
some problem like unresolved circular dependencies.

Patch by me, but it owes something to an earlier attempt by Kevin Grittner.
Back-patch to 9.3 where materialized views were introduced.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/28572.1500912583@sss.pgh.pa.us

Commit 4d57e838 added support for getting I/O errors out of zlib,
but it introduced a portability problem for systems without zlib.
Repair by wrapping the zlib call inside #ifdef and restore the original
code in the other branch.

This serves to illustrate the inadequacy of the zlib abstraction in
pg_backup_archiver: there is no way to call gzerror() in that
abstraction.  This means that the several places that call GZREAD and
GZWRITE are currently doing error reporting wrongly, but ENOTIME to get
it fixed before next week's release set.

Backpatch to 9.4, like the commit that introduced the problem.

Amit Langote

Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAFjFpReT_kq_uwU_B8aWDxR7jNGE=P0iELycdq5oupi=xSQTOw@mail.gmail.com

Amit Langote

Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/CAFjFpReT_kq_uwU_B8aWDxR7jNGE=P0iELycdq5oupi=xSQTOw@mail.gmail.com

For a table, the constraint can be considered validated immediately,
because the table must be empty.  But for a foreign table this is
not necessarily the case.

Fixes a bug in commit f27a6b15.

Amit Langote, with some changes by me.

Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/d2b7419f-4a71-cf86-cc99-bfd0f359a1ea@lab.ntt.co.jp

Some of these comments wrongly implied that only an AFTER ROW trigger
will cause a 'wholerow' attribute to be present for a foreign table,
but a BEFORE ROW trigger can have the same effect.  Others implied
that it would always be present for a foreign table, but that's not
true either.

Etsuro Fujita and Robert Haas

Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/10026bc7-1403-ef85-9e43-c6100c1cc0e3@lab.ntt.co.jp

Otherwise, partitioned tables with RETURNING expressions or subject
to a WITH CHECK OPTION do not work properly.

Amit Langote, reviewed by Amit Khandekar and Etsuro Fujita.  A few
comment changes by me.

Discussion: http://postgr.es/m/9a39df80-871e-6212-0684-f93c83be4097@lab.ntt.co.jp