This was already a runtime failure condition, but it's better to check
at validation time if possible.  Lightly modified version of a patch
by Shigeru Hanada.

This is useful since a validator might want to require certain options
to be provided.  The passed array is an empty text array in this case.

Per suggestion by Laurenz Albe, though this is not quite his patch.

As noted by Laurenz Albe, our SGML tools deal rather oddly with chapters
having just one <sect1>.  Perhaps the tooling could be fixed, but really
the design of this chapter's introduction is pretty bogus anyhow.  Split
it into a true introduction and a <sect1> about the FDW functions, so
that it reads better and dodges the lack-of-a-chapter-TOC problem.

Modified version of a patch by Shigeru Hanada.

handleCopyIn incremented pset.lineno for each line of COPY data read from
a file.  This is correct when reading from the current script file (i.e.,
we are doing COPY FROM STDIN followed by in-line data), but it's wrong if
the data is coming from some other file.  Per bug #6083 from Steve Haslam.
Back-patch to all supported versions.

Per bug #6089, noted by Sidney Cadot

On re-reading the standard, this field is only used for distinct or
reference types.

This lets us stop including rel.h into execnodes.h, which is a widely
used header.

The bug that caused this to be discovered is that the code was trying to
dereference a NULL or ill-defined pointer, as reported by Michael Mueller;
but what it was doing was wrong anyway, per Heikki.

This patch is Heikki's suggested fix.

postmaster.log", or nohup.

There was a small issue with LINUX_OOM_ADJ and silent_mode, namely that with
silent_mode the postmaster process incorrectly used the OOM settings meant
for backend processes. We certainly could've fixed that directly, but since
silent_mode was redundant anyway, we might as well just remove it.

Locks on inheritance parent remain at lower level, as they were before.
Remove entry from 9.1 release notes.

Somehow, column rolconfig got removed from the documentation of the
pg_roles view in the 9.0 cycle, although the column is actually still
there.  In 9.1, we'd also forgotten to document the rolreplication column.
Spotted by Sakamoto Masahiko.

Per suggestion from Josh Kupershmidt.

Unlike the relistemp field which it replaced, relpersistence must be
set correctly quite early during the table creation process, as we
rely on it quite early on for a number of purposes, including security
checks.  Normally, this is set based on whether the user enters CREATE
TABLE, CREATE UNLOGGED TABLE, or CREATE TEMPORARY TABLE, but a
relation may also be made implicitly temporary by creating it in
pg_temp.  This patch fixes the handling of that case, and also
disables creation of unlogged tables in temporary tablespace (such
table indeed skip WAL-logging, but we reject an explicit
specification) and creation of relations in the temporary schemas of
other sessions (which is not very sensible, and didn't work right
anyway).

Report by Amit Khandekar.

Certain subdirectories do not get built if corresponding options are not
selected at configure time.  However, "make distprep" should visit such
directories anyway, so that constructing derived files to be included in
the tarball happens without requiring all configure options to be given
in the tarball build script.  Likewise, it's better if cleanup actions
unconditionally visit all directories (for example, this ensures proper
cleanup if someone has done a manual make in such a subdirectory).

To handle this, set up a convention that subdirectories that are
conditionally included in SUBDIRS should be added to ALWAYS_SUBDIRS
instead when they are excluded.

Back-patch to 9.1, so that plpython's spiexceptions.h will get provided
in 9.1 tarballs.  There don't appear to be any instances where distprep
actions got missed in previous releases, and anyway this fix requires
gmake 3.80 so we don't want to apply it before 9.1.

This is the proper fix for bug #6082 about
pg_stat_reset_shared(NULL) causing a crash, and it reverts
commit 79aa4453 on head.

The workaround of throwing an error from inside the function is
left on backbranches (including 9.1) since this change requires
a new initdb.

Maybe some compilers are smart enough to not complain about the previous
coding ... but mine isn't.

talk about client access.

client connections during the upgrade.  Also rename data/bin/port
environment variables to being with 'PG'.  Also no longer honor PGPORT.

This means that they can initially be added to a large existing table
without checking its initial contents, but new tuples must comply to
them; a separate pass invoked by ALTER TABLE / VALIDATE can verify
existing data and ensure it complies with the constraint, at which point
it is marked validated and becomes a normal part of the table ecosystem.

An non-validated CHECK constraint is ignored in the planner for
constraint_exclusion purposes; when validated, cached plans are
recomputed so that partitioning starts working right away.

This patch also enables domains to have unvalidated CHECK constraints
attached to them as well by way of ALTER DOMAIN / ADD CONSTRAINT / NOT
VALID, which can later be validated with ALTER DOMAIN / VALIDATE
CONSTRAINT.

Thanks to Thom Brown, Dean Rasheed and Jaime Casanova for the various
reviews, and Robert Hass for documentation wording improvement
suggestions.

This patch was sponsored by Enova Financial.

Extracted from a patch by Bernd Helmle

Such a condition is unsatisfiable in combination with any other type of
btree-indexable condition (since we assume btree operators are always
strict).  8.3 and 8.4 had an explicit test for this, which I removed in
commit 29c4ad98, mistakenly thinking that
the case would be subsumed by the more general handling of IS (NOT) NULL
added in that patch.  Put it back, and improve the comments about it, and
add a regression test case.

Per bug #6079 from Renat Nasyrov, and analysis by Dean Rasheed.

more consistent that way, since all the other PredicateLock* calls are
made in various heapam.c and index AM functions. The call in nodeSeqscan.c
was unnecessarily aggressive anyway, there's no need to try to lock the
relation every time a tuple is fetched, it's enough to do it once.

This has the user-visible effect that if a seq scan is initialized in the
executor, but never executed, we now acquire the predicate lock on the heap
relation anyway. We could avoid that by taking the lock on the first
heap_getnext() call instead, but it doesn't seem worth the trouble given
that it feels more natural to do it in heap_beginscan().

Also, remove the retail PredicateLockTuple() calls from heap_getnext(). In
a seqscan, started with heap_begin(), we're holding a whole-relation
predicate lock on the heap so there's no need to lock the tuples
individually.

Kevin Grittner and me

Non-lossy case was already handled correctly.

Kevin Grittner

Per bug #6082, reported by Steve Haslam

We had previously (af26857a)
established the U.S. spellings as standard.

XLOG_XACT_COMMIT_COMPACT leaves out invalidation messages and relfilenodes,
saving considerable space for the vast majority of transaction commits.
XLOG_XACT_COMMIT keeps same definition as XLOG_PAGE_MAGIC 0xD067 and earlier.

Leonardo Francalanci and Simon Riggs

Add rel.h to some files that now need it.

The previous coding was ugly, as it marked special tokens as such in the
wrong stage, relying on workarounds to figure out if they had been
quoted in the original or not.  This made it impossible to have specific
keywords be recognized as such only in certain positions in HBA lines,
for example.  Fix by restructuring the parser code so that it remembers
whether tokens were quoted or not.  This eliminates widespread knowledge
of possible known keywords for all fields.

Also improve memory management in this area, to use memory contexts that
are reset as a whole instead of using retail pfrees; this removes a
whole lotta crufty (and probably slow) code.

Instead of calling strlen() three times in next_field_expand on the
returned token to find out whether there was a comma (and strip it),
pass back the info directly from the callee, which is simpler.

In passing, update historical artifacts in hba.c API.

Authors: Brendan Jurd, Alvaro Herrera
Reviewed by Pavel Stehule

Fill in the collation columns of the views attributes, columns,
domains, and element_types.  Also update collation information in
sql_implementation_info.