Previously we just ignored such an attempt, but that seems to serve no
purpose but making things harder to debug.

Discussion: 20160114143931.GG10941@awork2.anarazel.de
    20151230173734.hx7jj2fnwyljfqek@alap3.anarazel.de
Reviewed-By: Robert Haas

The macro has not seen any in-tree use since latches had been introduced
in 2746e5f2, in 2010.

postgres_fdw can now sent an UPDATE or DELETE statement directly to
the foreign server in simple cases, rather than sending a SELECT FOR
UPDATE statement and then updating or deleting rows one-by-one.

Etsuro Fujita, reviewed by Rushabh Lathia, Shigeru Hanada, Kyotaro
Horiguchi, Albe Laurenz, Thom Brown, and me.

Random .h files have no business including postgres-fe.h (or postgres.h).
If that wasn't the first #include done by the calling .c file, it's the
.c file that's broken.  Noted while prepping Kyotaro Horiguchi's psql
lexer refactoring patch.

Erik Rijkers

SQL-layer function to split qualified identifier into array parts.

Author: Pavel Stehule with minor editorization by me and Jim Nasby

This means that, for example, "SELECT expensive_func(a) FROM bigtab
WHERE something" can compute expensive_func(a) in the workers rather
than the leader if it happens to be parallel-safe, which figures to be
a big win in some practical cases.

Currently, we can only do this if the entire target list is
parallel-safe.  If we worked harder, we might be able to evaluate
parallel-safe targets in the worker and any parallel-restricted
targets in the leader, but that would be more complicated, and there
aren't that many parallel-restricted functions that people are likely
to use in queries anyway.  I think.  So just do the simple thing for
the moment.

Robert Haas, Amit Kapila, and Tom Lane

Aleksander Alekseev

Deprecated set_limit() is modified to use SetConfigOption() to set
similarity_threshold which is actually an instance of
pg_trgm.similarity_threshold GUC variable. Previous coding directly sets
similarity_threshold what could cause an inconsistency between states of
actual variable and GUC representation.

Per gripe from Tom Lane

I wrote "brin_summarize_new_pages" instead, in docs as well as in the
commit message of commit ac443d10.

Bug: #14030
Reported-By: Chris Pacejo

Aleksander Alekseev

I'm committing these changes separately so that it's clear what is
Peter's original work versus what I changed.  This is a followup to
commit 0011c009, and these changes
are all by me.

Introduce a new memory context which stores tuple data, and reset it
at the end of each merge pass; this helps avoid memory fragmentation
and, consequently, overallocation.  Also, for the final merge patch,
eliminate memory context chunk header overhead entirely by allocating
all of the memory used for buffering tuples during the merge in a
single chunk.  Since this modestly increases the number of tuples we
can store, grow the memtuples array a bit so that we're less likely to
run short of slots there.

Peter Geoghegan.  Review and testing of patches in this series by
Jeff Janes, Greg Stark, Mithun Cy, and me.

In HEAD, fix incorrect field width for hours part of OF when tm_gmtoff is
negative.  This was introduced by commit 2d87eedc as a result of
falsely applying a pattern that's correct when + signs are omitted, which
is not the case for OF.

In 9.4, fix missing abs() call that allowed a sign to be attached to the
minutes part of OF.  This was fixed in 9.5 by 9b43d73b, but for
inscrutable reasons not back-patched.

In all three versions, ensure that the sign of tm_gmtoff is correctly
reported even when the GMT offset is less than 1 hour.

Add regression tests, which evidently we desperately need here.

Thomas Munro and Tom Lane, per report from David Fetter

- allow to use non-ascii characters as affix flag. Non-numeric affix flags now
  are stored as string instead of numeric value of character.
- allow to use 0 as affix flag in numeric encoded affixes

That adds support for arabian, hungarian, turkish and
brazilian portuguese languages.

Author: Artur Zakirov with heavy editorization by me

Jim Nasby

Reviewed-by: Andreas Karlsson <andreas@proxel.se>

Reviewed-by: Andreas Karlsson <andreas@proxel.se>

This didn't work because when we dropped and re-established a database
connection, we did not bother to reset session-specific state such as
the statements-are-prepared flags.

The st->prepared[] array certainly needs to be flushed, and I cleared a
couple of other fields as well that couldn't possibly retain meaningful
state for a new connection.

In passing, fix some bogus comments and strange field order choices.

Per report from Robins Tharakan.

Somebody had apparently once figured that casting to unsigned int would
produce the right output for negative inputs, but that would only be
true if 2^32 were a multiple of 7, which of course it ain't.  We need
to use a signed division and then correct the sign of the remainder.

AFAICT, the only case where this would arise currently is when doing
ISO-week calculations for dates in 4714BC, where we'd compute a
negative Julian date representing 4714-01-04BC and then do some
arithmetic with it.  Since we don't even really document support for
such dates, this is not of much consequence.  But we may as well
get it right.

Per report from Vitaly Burovoy.

Tighten the semantics of boundary-case timestamptz so that we allow
timestamps >= '4714-11-24 00:00+00 BC' and < 'ENDYEAR-01-01 00:00+00 AD'
exactly, no more and no less, but it is allowed to enter timestamps
within that range using non-GMT timezone offsets (which could make the
nominal date 4714-11-23 BC or ENDYEAR-01-01 AD).  This eliminates
dump/reload failure conditions for timestamps near the endpoints.
To do this, separate checking of the inputs for date2j() from the
final range check, and allow the Julian date code to handle a range
slightly wider than the nominal range of the datatypes.

Also add a bunch of checks to detect out-of-range dates and timestamps
that formerly could be returned by operations such as date-plus-integer.
All C-level functions that return date, timestamp, or timestamptz should
now be proof against returning a value that doesn't pass IS_VALID_DATE()
or IS_VALID_TIMESTAMP().

Vitaly Burovoy, reviewed by Anastasia Lubennikova, and substantially
whacked around by me

I thought this was in my last commit, but I goofed.

Vinayak Pokale provided a patch for a copy-and-paste error in a
comment.  I noticed that I'd use the word "automatically" nearby where
I meant to talk about things being "atomic".  Rahila Syed spotted a
misplaced counter update.  Fix all that stuff.

Patch introduces a concept of similarity over string and just a word from
another string.

Version of extension is not changed because 1.2 was already introduced in 9.6
release cycle, so, there wasn't a public version.

Author: Alexander Korotkov, Artur Zakirov

Amit Langote

Vik Fearing, reviewed by Stéphane Schildknecht and me, and revised
slightly by me.

Use GUC variable pg_trgm.similarity_threshold insead of
set_limit()/show_limit() which was introduced when defining GUC varuables
by modules was absent.

Author: Artur Zakirov

It produces debugging output files that are of no further use, so we
don't need that by default.

Script now use the standard Unicode transliterator Latin-ASCII.

Author: Leonard Benedetti

Oskari Saarenmaa

INSERT ... ON CONFLICT's precheck may have to wait on the outcome of
another insertion, which may or may not itself be a speculative
insertion.  This wait is not necessarily associated with an exclusion
constraint, but was always reported that way in log messages if the wait
happened to involve a tuple that had no speculative token.

Initially discovered through use of ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING, where
spurious references to exclusion constraints in log messages were more
likely.

Patch by Peter Geoghegan.
Reviewed by Julien Rouhaud.

Back-patch to 9.5 where INSERT ... ON CONFLICT was added.

There's no reason for this function to do this for every other
attribute number and omit it for CTID, especially since
conversion_error_callback has code to handle that case.  This seems
to be an oversight in commit e690b951.

Etsuro Fujita

Thomas Reiss

There's a lot more that could be done here yet - in particular, this
reports only very coarse-grained information about the index vacuuming
phase - but even as it stands, the new pg_stat_progress_vacuum can
tell you quite a bit about what a long-running vacuum is actually
doing.

Amit Langote and Robert Haas, based on earlier work by Vinayak Pokale
and Rahila Syed.

Previously, we included <xlocale.h> only if necessary to get the definition
of type locale_t.  According to notes in PGAC_TYPE_LOCALE_T, this is
important because on some versions of glibc that file supplies an
incompatible declaration of locale_t.  (This info may be obsolete, because
on my RHEL6 box that seems to be the *only* definition of locale_t; but
there may still be glibc's in the wild for which it's a live concern.)

It turns out though that on FreeBSD and maybe other BSDen, you can get
locale_t from stdlib.h or locale.h but mbstowcs_l() and friends only from
<xlocale.h>.  This was leaving us compiling calls to mbstowcs_l() and
friends with no visible prototype, which causes a warning and could
possibly cause actual trouble, since it's not declared to return int.

Hence, adjust the configure checks so that we'll include <xlocale.h>
either if it's necessary to get type locale_t or if it's necessary to
get a declaration of mbstowcs_l().

Report and patch by Aleksander Alekseev, somewhat whacked around by me.
Back-patch to all supported branches, since we have been using
mbstowcs_l() since 9.1.

This is basically like the just-added create_upper_paths_hook, but
control is funneled only to the FDW responsible for all the baserels
of the current query; so providing such a callback is much less likely
to add useless overhead than using the hook function is.

The documentation is a bit sketchy.  We'll likely want to improve it,
and/or adjust the call conventions, when we get some experience with
actually using this callback.  Hopefully somebody will find time to
experiment with it before 9.6 feature freeze.