Backpatch to 8.4.X.

prone to sort differently in different locales, as seen in buildfarm results.
Let's cast to name not text to avoid that.

Patch done by Zoltán Böszörményi.

When a column is renamed, we recursively rename the same column in
all descendent tables.  But if one of those tables also inherits that
column from a table outside the inheritance hierarchy rooted at the
named table, we must throw an error.  The previous coding correctly
prohibited the rename when the parent had inherited the column from
elsewhere, but overlooked the case where the parent was OK but a child
table also inherited the same column from a second, unrelated parent.

For now, not backpatched due to lack of complaints from the field.

KaiGai Kohei, with further changes by me.
Reviewed by Bernd Helme and Tom Lane.

We show the number of buckets, the number of batches (and also the original
number if it has changed), and the peak space used by the hash table.  Minor
executor changes to track peak space used.

the input values into a string. The two argument version also does the same
thing, but inserts delimiters between elements.

Original patch by Pavel Stehule, reviewed by David E. Wheeler and me.

matching before recursing instead of after.  The DFA match eliminates
unworkable midpoint choices a lot faster than the recursive check, in most
cases, so doing it first can speed things up; particularly in pathological
cases such as recently exhibited by Michael Glaesemann.

In addition, apply some cosmetic changes that were applied upstream (in the
Tcl project) at the same time, in order to sync with upstream version 1.15
of regexec.c.

Upstream apparently intends to backpatch this, so I will too.  The
pathological behavior could be unpleasant if encountered in the field,
which seems to justify any risk of introducing new bugs.

Tom Lane, reviewed by Donal K. Fellows of Tcl project

stage of required deadlock detection to allow re-enabling max_standby_delay
setting of -1, which is now essential in the absence of improved relation-
specific conflict resoluton. Requested by Greg Stark et al.

We need to free the OID list returned by ExecInsertIndexTuples to avoid
a query-lifespan memory leak.  When many rows require rechecking, this
can be a significant leak --- it's even more than the space used for the
queued trigger events.

Dean Rasheed

for that, so use it.

Radu Ilie

There was a race condition where the receiving pipe could be closed by the
child thread if the main thread was pre-empted before it got a chance to
create a new one, and the dispatch thread ran to completion during that time.

One symptom of this is that rows in pg_listener could be dropped under
heavy load.

Analysis and original patch by Radu Ilie, with some small
modifications by Magnus Hagander.

Since all current and foreseeable future command tags will be pure ASCII,
there is no need to do conversion on them.  This saves a few cycles and also
avoids polluting otherwise-pristine subtransaction memory contexts, which
is the cause of the backend memory leak exhibited in bug #5302.  (Someday
we'll probably want to have a better method of determining whether
subtransaction contexts need to be kept around, but today is not that day.)

Backpatch to 8.0.  The cycle-shaving aspect of this would work in 7.4
too, but without subtransactions the memory-leak aspect doesn't apply,
so it doesn't seem worth touching 7.4.

(failure to free col_lineptrs[] array elements) and exacerbated in the
current devel cycle (failure to free "wrap").  This resulted in moderate
bloat of psql over long script runs.  Noted while testing bug #5302,
although what the reporter was complaining of was backend-side leakage.

Add plperl.on_perl_init setting to provide for initializing the perl library on load. Also, handle END blocks in plperl.
Database access is disallowed during both these operations, although it might be allowed in END blocks in future.

Patch from Tim Bunce.

executed InHotStandby. Cleaner solution than using malloc or palloc
depending upon situation, as proposed by Tom.

false positives during Hot Standby conflict processing. Simple
patch to enhance conflict processing, following previous discussions.
Controlled by parameter minimize_standby_conflicts = on | off, with
default off allows measurement of performance impact to see whether
it should be set on all the time.

Loosely based on a patch by Pavel Stehule.

records for heap and btree. Minor change, mostly API changes to
pass through the required values. This is a simple change though
also provides the refactoring required for further enhancements
to conflict processing using the relOid. Changes only have effect
during Hot Standby.

so regression testing is possible,

by Zoltan Boszormenyi

Add new make targets "world", "install-world" and "installcheck-world" to build, install and check just about everything.
In addition to everything built installed and tested by all, install and installcheck targets, these build HTML Docs,
build and test contrib, and test PLs and ECPG.

This adds the CREATE TABLE name OF type command, per SQL standard.

restore_command is not given. Fujii Masao.

a single function.

members complaining.

palloc calls. Current code assumed this was already true, so this is a bug fix.

XLogIsNeeded() instead, to determine if an otherwise non-logged operation
needs to be logged in WAL for standby servers.

Fujii Masao

PQconnectStartParams. These are analogous to PQconnectdb and PQconnectStart
respectively. They differ from the legacy functions in that they accept
two NULL-terminated arrays, keywords and values, rather than conninfo
strings. This avoids the need to build the conninfo string in cases
where it might be inconvenient to do so. Includes documentation.

Also modify psql to utilize PQconnectdbParams rather than PQsetdbLogin.
This allows the new config parameter application_name to be set, which
in turn is displayed in the pg_stat_activity view and included in CSV
log entries. This will also ensure both new functions get regularly
exercised.

Patch by Guillaume Lelarge with review and minor adjustments by
Joe Conway.

LogwrtRqst.Write can be set to non-existent FF log segment, we mustn't
try to send that in XLogSend().

Also fix similar bug in ReadRecord(), which I just introduced in the
ReadRecord() refactoring patch.

restore_command, if the connection to the primary server is lost. This
ensures that the standby can recover automatically, if the connection is
lost for a long time and standby falls behind so much that the required
WAL segments have been archived and deleted in the master.

This also makes standby_mode useful without streaming replication; the
server will keep retrying restore_command every few seconds until the
trigger file is found. That's the same basic functionality pg_standby
offers, but without the bells and whistles.

To implement that, refactor the ReadRecord/FetchRecord functions. The
FetchRecord() function introduced in the original streaming replication
patch is removed, and all the retry logic is now in a new function called
XLogReadPage(). XLogReadPage() is now responsible for executing
restore_command, launching walreceiver, and waiting for new WAL to arrive
from primary, as required.

This also changes the life cycle of walreceiver. When launched, it now only
tries to connect to the master once, and exits if the connection fails, or
is lost during streaming for any reason. The startup process detects the
death, and re-launches walreceiver if necessary.