Replication occurs only to memory on standby, not to disk,
so provides additional performance if user wishes to
reduce durability level slightly. Adds concept of multiple
independent sync rep queues.

Fujii Masao and Simon Riggs

format_type_be() takes care of any needed quoting itself.

to match surrounding outdenting.

Drop the role we create, so regression tests pass even when run more
than once against the same cluster, a problem noted by Tom Lane and
Jeff Janes.  Also, rename the temporary role so that it starts with
"regress_", to make it unlikely that we'll collide with an existing
role name while running "make installcheck", per further gripe from
Tom Lane.

We log AccessExclusiveLocks for replay onto standby nodes,
but because of timing issues on ProcArray it is possible to
log a lock that is still held by a just committed transaction
that is very soon to be removed. To avoid any timing issue we
avoid applying locks made by transactions with InvalidXid.

Simon Riggs, bug report Tom Lane, diagnosis Pavan Deolasee

e.g. ALTER FOREIGN TABLE IF EXISTS foo RENAME TO bar

Pavel Stehule

Guillaume Lelarge

Previously, only GRANT/REVOKE privilege was supported.

reviewed by Pavel Stehule

Jaime Casanova

This renders badly on the website, and in this particular case also
doesn't actually add anything to the readability...

Fujii Masao

Kevin Grittner, reviewed (in earlier versions) by Álvaro Herrera

Text by Peter Geoghegan.

Brendan Jurd, reviewed by Fujii Masao

This separates the state (running/idle/idleintransaction etc) into
it's own field ("state"), and leaves the query field containing just
query text.

The query text will now mean "current query" when a query is running
and "last query" in other states. Accordingly,the field has been
renamed from current_query to query.

Since backwards compatibility was broken anyway to make that, the procpid
field has also been renamed to pid - along with the same field in
pg_stat_replication for consistency.

Scott Mead and Magnus Hagander, review work from Greg Smith

That avoids errors when the functions are used in queries like "SELECT
pg_relation_size(oid) FROM pg_class", and a table is dropped concurrently.

Phil Sorber

Change the usesavedplan() example to use a more modern Python style
using the .setdefault() function.

When the only remaining active transactions are READ ONLY, we do a "partial
cleanup" of committed transactions because certain types of conflicts
aren't possible anymore. For committed r/w transactions, we release the
SIREAD locks but keep the SERIALIZABLEXACT. However, for committed r/o
transactions, we can go further and release the SERIALIZABLEXACT too. The
problem was with the latter case: we were returning the SERIALIZABLEXACT to
the free list without removing it from the finished list.

The only real change in the patch is the SHMQueueDelete line, but I also
reworked some of the surrounding code to make it obvious that r/o and r/w
transactions are handled differently -- the existing code felt a bit too
clever.

Dan Ports

This is useful for example when a long-runing statement such as CREATE
INDEX fails after a long time.

KaiGai Kohei

This prevents the postmaster from unexpectedly croaking if postgresql.conf
contains something like:

include 'invalid_directory_name'

Noah Misch. Reviewed by Tom Lane and myself.

Noted by Peter Geoghegan

When creating a child table, or when attaching an existing table as
child of another, we must not allow inheritable constraints to be
merged with non-inheritable ones, because then grandchildren would not
properly get the constraint.  This would violate the grandparent's
expectations.

Bugs noted by Robert Haas.

Author: Nikhil Sontakke

The command

\password username

leaked memory.

In the previous coding, it was possible for a relation to be created
via CREATE TABLE, CREATE VIEW, CREATE SEQUENCE, CREATE FOREIGN TABLE,
etc.  in a schema while that schema was meanwhile being concurrently
dropped.  This led to a pg_class entry with an invalid relnamespace
value.  The same problem could occur if a relation was moved using
ALTER .. SET SCHEMA while the target schema was being concurrently
dropped.  This patch prevents both of those scenarios by locking the
schema to which the relation is being added using AccessShareLock,
which conflicts with the AccessExclusiveLock taken by DROP.

As a desirable side effect, this also prevents the use of CREATE OR
REPLACE VIEW to queue for an AccessExclusiveLock on a relation on which
you have no rights: that will now fail immediately with a permissions
error, before trying to obtain a lock.

We need similar protection for all other object types, but as everything
other than relations uses a slightly different set of code paths, I'm
leaving that for a separate commit.

Original complaint (as far as I could find) about CREATE by Nikhil
Sontakke; risk for ALTER .. SET SCHEMA pointed out by Tom Lane;
further details by Dan Farina; patch by me; review by Hitoshi Harada.

Along the way, add a missing dependency in the GNUmakefile.

Alex Hunsaker, with a slight adjustment by me.

When the remote end of the pipe is closed, select() reports the fd as
readable, but poll() has a separate POLLHUP return code for that.

Spotted by Peter Geoghegan.

Allows a user to use pg_cancel_queries() to cancel queries in
other backends if they are running under the same role.
pg_terminate_backend() still requires superuser permissoins.

Short patch, many authors working on the bikeshed: Magnus Hagander,
Josh Kupershmidt, Edward Muller, Greg Smith.

The function in question does not in fact ensure that the passed
argument is not changed, and the callers don't care much either.

isolationtester is now able to continue running other permutations when
it detects that one of them is invalid, which is useful during initial
development of spec files.

Author: Alexander Shulgin

superuser doesn't have doesn't make much sense, as a superuser can do
whatever he wants through other means, anyway. So instead of granting
replication privilege to superusers in CREATE USER time by default, allow
replication connection from superusers whether or not they have the
replication privilege.

Patch by Noah Misch, per discussion on bug report #6264

This was removed from the backend a long time ago, but initdb still
thought that it was OK to use in the -A option.

As noted by Tom Lane, the previous coding in this area, which I
introduced in commit bbb6e559, was
poorly tested and caused the vacuum's second heap to go into what would
have been an infinite loop but for the fact that it eventually caused a
memory allocation failure.  This version seems to work better.

Previously we used ReadRecPtr rather than EndRecPtr, which was
not a serious error but caused pg_stat_replication to report
incorrect replay_location until at least one WAL record is replayed.

Fujii Masao