It used to be cleaned in maintainer-clean, but that is inconsistent
with other cleaning of NLS files in nls-global.mk, and it's also wrong
overall, because it's not part of the distribution tarball, which is
the base definition of the maintainer-clean target.

This greatly reduces the WAL volume, especially when the table is narrow.
The overhead of locking the heap page is also reduced. Reduced WAL traffic
also makes it scale a lot better, if you run multiple COPY processes at
the same time.

Ensure that same index gets selected on 32-bit and 64-bit machines.
Per buildfarm results.

In particular, my previous patch expected the create_index test to run
before the inherit test; but this was only true in the serial schedule.
Rearrange this portion of the schedules to be more consistent.

Per buildfarm results.

Add PlaceHolderVar wrappers as needed to make UNION ALL sub-select output
expressions appear non-constant and distinct from each other.  This makes
the world safe for add_child_rel_equivalences to do what it does.  Before,
it was possible for that function to add identical expressions to different
EquivalenceClasses, which logically should imply merging such ECs, which
would be wrong; or to improperly add a constant to an EquivalenceClass,
drastically changing its behavior.  Per report from Teodor Sigaev.

The only currently known consequence of this bug is "MergeAppend child's
targetlist doesn't match MergeAppend" planner failures in 9.1 and later.
I am suspicious that there may be other failure modes that could affect
older release branches; but in the absence of any hard evidence, I'll
refrain from back-patching further than 9.1.

a new macro, DatumGetInetPP(), that does not. This brings these macros
in line with other DatumGet*P() macros.

Backpatch to 8.3, where 1-byte header varlenas were introduced.

Per an observation from Thom Brown that the old version contained a typo.

This was an oversight in commit b60653bc.

Also, fix a typo spotted by Thom Brown.

non_empty(anyrange) function was removed, empty(anyrange) was renamed to
isempty(anyrange), and !? operators were removed.

Since PostgreSQL 9.0, we've emitted a warning message when an operator
named => is created, because the SQL standard now reserves that token
for another use.  But we've also shipped such an operator with hstore.
Use of the function hstore(text, text) has been recommended in
preference to =>(text, text).  Per discussion, it's now time to take
the next step and stop shipping the operator.  This will allow us to
prohibit the use of => as an operator name in a future release if and
when we wish to support the SQL standard use of this token.

The release notes should mention this incompatibility.

Patch by me, reviewed by David Wheeler, Dimitri Fontaine and Tom Lane.

In a regular VACUUM, it's OK to skip pages for which a cleanup lock
isn't immediately available; the next VACUUM will deal with them.  If
we're scanning the entire relation to advance relfrozenxid, we might
need to wait, but only if there are tuples on the page that actually
require freezing.  These changes should greatly reduce the incidence
of of vacuum processes getting "stuck".

Simon Riggs and Robert Haas

Make it use t_isspace() to identify whitespace, rather than relying on
sscanf which is known to get it wrong on some platform/locale combinations.
Get rid of fixed-size buffers.  Make it actually continue to parse the file
after ignoring a line with untranslatable characters, as was obviously
intended.

The first of these issues is per gripe from J Smith, though not exactly
either of his proposed patches.

Further experimentation reveals that my previous change didn't fix the
issue entirely: these tests would still fail at the spring-forward DST
transition.  There doesn't seem to be any great value in testing this
specific issue for both timestamp and timestamptz, so just lose the
latter tests.

Adjust ill-considered timezone-dependent tests added in commit
8a3d33c8 so that they won't fail on DST
transition days.  Per all-pink buildfarm.

It was inadvertently changed to 201111111, which is a wrong date. Change it
to current date, and remove the comment that was supposed to remind me to
fix it before committing.

Noted by Tom

This assumption can be wrong when the toaster is passed a raw on-disk
tuple, because the tuple might pre-date an ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN operation
that added columns without rewriting the table.  In such a case the tuple's
natts value is smaller than what we expect from the tuple descriptor, and
so its t_hoff value could be smaller too.  In fact, the tuple might not
have a null bitmap at all, and yet our current opinion of it is that it
contains some trailing nulls.

In such a situation, toast_insert_or_update did the wrong thing, because
to save a few lines of code it would use the old t_hoff value as the offset
where heap_fill_tuple should start filling data.  This did not leave enough
room for the new nulls bitmap, with the result that the first few bytes of
data could be overwritten with null flag bits, as in a recent report from
Hubert Depesz Lubaczewski.

The particular case reported requires ALTER TABLE ADD COLUMN followed by
CREATE TABLE AS SELECT * FROM ... or INSERT ... SELECT * FROM ..., and
further requires that there be some out-of-line toasted fields in one of
the tuples to be copied; else we'll not reach the troublesome code.
The problem can only manifest in this form in 8.4 and later, because
before commit a77eaa6a, CREATE TABLE AS or
INSERT/SELECT wouldn't result in raw disk tuples getting passed directly
to heap_insert --- there would always have been at least a junkfilter in
between, and that would reconstitute the tuple header with an up-to-date
t_natts and hence t_hoff.  But I'm backpatching the tuptoaster change all
the way anyway, because I'm not convinced there are no older code paths
that present a similar risk.

The given archive_command example didn't use %p or %f, which wouldn't
really work in practice.

Kevin Grittner

I broke it in a previous commit because I neglected to install the
necessary incantations to have getopt() work on Windows.

Per red blots in buildfarm.

Both dict_int and dict_xsyn were blithely assuming that whatever memory
palloc gives back will be pre-zeroed.  This would typically work for
just about long enough to run their regression tests, and no longer :-(.

The pre-9.0 code in dict_xsyn was even lamer than that, as it would
happily give back a pointer to the result of palloc(0), encouraging
its caller to access off the end of memory.  Again, this would just
barely fail to fail as long as memory contained nothing but zeroes.

Per a report from Rodrigo Hjort that code based on these examples
didn't work reliably.

Mostly, clean up long-ago pgindent damage.

inline_set_returning_function failed to distinguish functions returning
generic RECORD (which require a column list in the RTE, as well as run-time
type checking) from those with multiple OUT parameters (which do not).
This prevented inlining from happening.  Per complaint from Jay Levitt.
Back-patch to 8.4 where this capability was introduced.

Document that this rule applies to 'samerole' as well as to named roles.

Per gripe from Tom Lane.

cleanly handle old/new database mismatches.

This mode prints out the permutations that would be run by the given
spec file, in the same format used by the permutation lines in spec
files.  This helps in building new spec files.

Author: Alexander Shulgin, with some tweaks by me

This makes it possible to use reject lines with group roles.

Andrew Dunstan, reviewd by Robert Haas.

Instead of filling files as they appear, pre-pad the
WAL files received when streaming xlog the same way
that the server does. Data is streamed into a .partial
file which is then renamed()d into palce when it's complete,
but it will always be 16MB.

This also means that the starting position for pg_receivexlog
is now simply right after the last complete segment, and we
never need to deal with partial segments there.

Patch by me, review by Fujii Masao

Selectivity estimation functions are missing for some range type operators,
which is a TODO.

Jeff Davis