Tom Lane, with minor adjustments by me.

This gives editors a better chance to treat these files as the SQL
files that they are.

PGresults used to be read-only from the application's viewpoint, but now
that we've exposed various functions that allow modification of a PGresult,
that sweeping statement is no longer accurate.  Noted by Dmitriy Igrishin.

invalid-page hash table, PANIC immediately. Immediate PANIC is much better
than waiting for end-of-recovery, which is what we did before, because the
end-of-recovery might not come until months later if this is a standby
server.

Also refrain from creating a restartpoint if there are invalid-page entries
in the hash table. Restarting recovery from such a restartpoint would not
see the invalid references, and wouldn't be able to cross-check them when
consistency is reached. That wouldn't matter when things are going smoothly,
but the more sanity checks you have the better.

Fujii Masao

The point that you need parentheses for non-constant expressions apparently
needs to be brought out a bit more clearly, per bug #6315.

Not everyone has /pg linked to the src subdirectory of their PostgreSQL
tree.  Also, cc isn't the way to invoke the compiler everywhere.

Since record[] uses array_in, it needs to have its element type passed
as typioparam.  In HEAD and 9.1, this fix essentially reverts commit
9bc933b2, which was a hack that is no
longer needed since domains don't set their typelem anymore.  Before
that, adjust the logic so that only domains are excluded from being
treated like arrays, rather than assuming that only base types should
be included.  Add a regression test to demonstrate the need for this.
Per report from Maxim Boguk.

Back-patch to 8.4, where type record[] was added.

Josh Berkus

Per Emmanuel Kasper, sysctl works fine as of NetBSD 5.0.

DST law changes in Brazil, Cuba, Fiji, Palestine, Russia, Samoa.
Historical corrections for Alaska and British East Africa.

In the previous coding, callers were faced with an awkward choice:
look up the name, do permissions checks, and then lock the table; or
look up the name, lock the table, and then do permissions checks.
The first choice was wrong because the results of the name lookup
and permissions checks might be out-of-date by the time the table
lock was acquired, while the second allowed a user with no privileges
to interfere with access to a table by users who do have privileges
(e.g. if a malicious backend queues up for an AccessExclusiveLock on
a table on which AccessShareLock is already held, further attempts
to access the table will be blocked until the AccessExclusiveLock
is obtained and the malicious backend's transaction rolls back).

To fix, allow callers of RangeVarGetRelid() to pass a callback which
gets executed after performing the name lookup but before acquiring
the relation lock.  If the name lookup is retried (because
invalidation messages are received), the callback will be re-executed
as well, so we get the best of both worlds.  RangeVarGetRelid() is
renamed to RangeVarGetRelidExtended(); callers not wishing to supply
a callback can continue to invoke it as RangeVarGetRelid(), which is
now a macro.  Since the only one caller that uses nowait = true now
passes a callback anyway, the RangeVarGetRelid() macro defaults nowait
as well.  The callback can also be used for supplemental locking - for
example, REINDEX INDEX needs to acquire the table lock before the index
lock to reduce deadlock possibilities.

There's a lot more work to be done here to fix all the cases where this
can be a problem, but this commit provides the general infrastructure
and fixes the following specific cases: REINDEX INDEX, REINDEX TABLE,
LOCK TABLE, and and DROP TABLE/INDEX/SEQUENCE/VIEW/FOREIGN TABLE.

Per discussion with Noah Misch and Alvaro Herrera.

On a platform that isn't supplying __FILE__, previous coding would either
crash or give a stale result for the filename string.  Not sure how likely
that is, but the original code catered for it, so let's keep doing so.

In vpath builds, the __FILE__ macro that is used in verbose error
reports contains the full absolute file name, which makes the error
messages excessively verbose.  So keep only the base name, thus
matching the behavior of non-vpath builds.

Per buildfarm.

Force the transaction isolation level to READ COMMITTED in autovacuum
worker and launcher processes.  There is no benefit to using a higher
isolation level, and doing so could result in delaying foreground
transactions (or maybe even causing unnecessary serialization failures?).
Noted by Dan Ports.

Also, make sure we disable zero_damaged_pages and statement_timeout in
the autovac launcher, not only workers.  Now that the launcher can run
transactions, these settings could affect its behavior, and it seems
like the same arguments apply to the launcher as the workers.

Fix entirely broken handling of va_list printing routines, update some
out-of-date comments, fix some bogus inclusion orders, fix NLS declarations,
fix missed realloc calls.

Simple extension of previous patch for CHECK constraints.

pg_dumpall to use the same memory allocation functions as the others.

Greg Smith

This should make it easier to identify which row is problematic when an
insert or update is processing many rows.

The formatting is similar to that for unique-index violation messages,
except that we limit field widths to 64 bytes since otherwise the message
could get unreasonably long.  (In particular, there's currently no attempt
to quote or escape field values that contain commas etc.)

Jan Kundrát, reviewed by Royce Ausburn, somewhat rewritten by me.

Disabled for now because some build farm members with low resources
are not prepared to handle it.

They have been unneeded since the use of the string module has been
removed in a65ed83f.

The old expression sed 's,$(srcdir),python3,' would normally resolve
as sed 's,.,python3,', which is not really what we wanted.  While it
doesn't actually break anything right now, it's still wrong, so put in
a bit more work to make it more robust.

Moving the code two full tab stops to the right requires rethinking of
cosmetic code layout choices, which pgindent isn't really able to do for
us.  Whitespace and comment adjustments only, no code changes.

While the deletion in itself wouldn't break things, any further creation
of objects in the script would result in dangling pg_depend entries being
added by recordDependencyOnCurrentExtension().  An example from Phil
Sorber convinced me that this is just barely likely enough to be worth
expending a couple lines of code to defend against.  The resulting error
message might be confusing, but it's better than leaving corrupted catalog
contents for the user to deal with.

This function has now grown enough cases that a switch seems appropriate.
This results in a measurable speed improvement on some platforms, and
should certainly not hurt.  The code's in need of a pgindent run now,
though.

Andres Freund

The correct information appears in the text, so just remove the statement
in the table, where it did not fit nicely anyway.  (Curiously, the correct
info has been there much longer than the erroneous table entry.)
Resolves problem noted by Daniele Varrazzo.

In HEAD and 9.1, also do a bit of wordsmithing on other text on the page.

The server name for a foreign table was not quoted at need, as per report
from Ronan Dunklau.  Also, queries related to FDW options were inadequately
schema-qualified in places where the search path isn't just pg_catalog, and
were inconsistently formatted everywhere, and we didn't always check that
we got the expected number of rows from them.

This can be used to remove the overhead of SSL compression on
fast networks.

Laurenz Albe

The EvalPlanQual machinery assumes that whole-row Vars generated for the
outputs of non-table RTEs will be of composite types.  However, for the
case where the RTE is a function call returning a scalar type, we were
doing the wrong thing, as a result of sharing code with a parser case
where the function's scalar output is wanted.  (Or at least, that's what
that case has done historically; it does seem a bit inconsistent.)

To fix, extend makeWholeRowVar's API so that it can support both use-cases.
This fixes Belinda Cussen's report of crashes during concurrent execution
of UPDATEs involving joins to the result of UNNEST() --- in READ COMMITTED
mode, we'd run the EvalPlanQual machinery after a conflicting row update
commits, and it was expecting to get a HeapTuple not a scalar datum from
the "wholerowN" variable referencing the function RTE.

Back-patch to 9.0 where the current EvalPlanQual implementation appeared.

In 9.1 and up, this patch also fixes failure to attach the correct
collation to the Var generated for a scalar-result case.  An example:
regression=# select upper(x.*) from textcat('ab', 'cd') x;
ERROR:  could not determine which collation to use for upper() function

This fixes a longstanding but up to now benign bug in the way pg_dumpall
was built. The bug was exposed by recent code adjustments. The Makefile
does not use $(OBJS) to build pg_dumpall, so this fix removes their source
files from the pg_dumpall object and adds in the one source file it
consequently needs.