Korotkov, per Alexander Korotkov.

If a seqscan encounters many consecutive pages containing only dead tuples,
it can remain in the loop in heapgettup for a long time, and there was no
CHECK_FOR_INTERRUPTS anywhere in that loop.  This meant there were
real-world situations where a query would be effectively uncancelable for
long stretches.  Add a check placed to occur once per page, which should be
enough to provide reasonable response time without adding any measurable
overhead.

Report and patch by Merlin Moncure (though I tweaked it a bit).
Back-patch to all supported branches.

Every time I read this I had doubts about whether the argument to the
-x option should include the dot (yes).  A small example should
clarify this.

reindexed, not vacuumed (typo).  Per report from Thomas REISS

types, per Alexander Korotkov

When the column name is an unqualified name, rather than table.column,
the error message complains about too many dotted names, which is
wrong.  Report by Peter Eisentraut based on examination of the
sepgsql regression test output, but the problem also affects COMMENT.
New wording as suggested by Tom Lane.

Document some more things as incompatibilities, and improve wording of
another item.

Noah Misch

Magnus Hagander, reviewed by Fujii Masao, with slight wording changes
by me.

In commit d526575f, we changed things so
that buffer usage counts are incremented when the buffer is pinned, rather
than when it is unpinned, but the README file didn't get the memo.

Report by Amit Kapila.

There is no reason to do this as early as possible in postmaster startup,
and good reason not to do it until we have completely created the
postmaster's lock file, namely that it might contribute to pg_ctl thinking
that postmaster startup has timed out.  (This would require a rather
unusual amount of time to be spent scanning temp file directories, but we
have at least one field report of it happening reproducibly.)

Back-patch to 9.1.  Before that, pg_ctl didn't wait for additional info to
be added to the lock file, so it wasn't a problem.

Note that this is not a complete fix to the slow-start issue in 9.1,
because we still had identify_system_timezone being run during postmaster
start in 9.1.  But that's at least a reasonably well-defined delay, with
an easy workaround if needed, whereas the temp-files scan is not so
predictable and cannot be avoided.

The accurate info about what's in a lock file has been in miscadmin.h
for some time, so let's just make this comment point there instead of
maintaining a duplicative copy.

The list was neither logical nor numerical nor alphabetical.  Let's go
with alphabetical.

For the record, fe-print.c is also missing, but it's sort of
deprecated, and the string internationalization there has some issues,
and it doesn't seem worth fixing that.  So let's leave that out.

Josh Kupershmidt

Per discussion, we should explain that we follow RFC 3339 and not really
the letter of the ISO 8601 spec for timestamp output format.  Mostly
Brendan Jurd's wording, though I tweaked it to clarify that we do take 'T'
on input.  Minor additional copy-editing and markup-tweaking, too.

Detectable by gcc -Wlogical-op.

Add two regression test cases that would previously allow incorrect
values to pass.

initdb: Add -T option
oid2name: Put options in some non-random order
pg_dump: Put --section option in the right place

And some additional markup and terminology improvements.

When we create a temporary copy of the old node buffer, in stack, we mustn't
leak that into any of the long-lived data structures. Before this patch,
when we called gistPopItupFromNodeBuffer(), it got added to the array of
"loaded buffers". After gistRelocateBuildBuffersOnSplit() exits, the
pointer added to the loaded buffers array points to garbage. Often that goes
unnotied, because when we go through the array of loaded buffers to unload
them, buffers with a NULL pageBuffer are ignored, which can often happen by
accident even if the pointer points to garbage.

This patch fixes that by marking the temporary copy in stack explicitly as
temporary, and refrain from adding buffers marked as temporary to the array
of loaded buffers.

While we're at it, initialize nodeBuffer->pageBlocknum to InvalidBlockNumber
and improve comments a bit. This isn't strictly necessary, but makes
debugging easier.

The hint looked a bit confusing when there were no valid options to
hint about.

It was changed from unreserved to reserved as part of the COLLATION
FOR syntax, but it turns out that type_func_name_keyword is
sufficient.

Per recent discussion, the error message for this was actually a trifle
inaccurate, since it said "cannot be cast" which might be incorrect.
Adjust that wording, and add a HINT suggesting that a USING clause might
be needed.

If the amount of freespace on page was less than the amount reserved by
fillfactor, the calculation would underflow.

This fixes bug #6643 reported by Tomonari Katsumata.

See 6ef24487 for an explanation.  This
is the same for the new man pages.

pgindent and perltidy should clean up the rest.

We were using memcpy() to copy to a possibly overlapping memory region,
which is a no-no. Use memmove() instead.

We have no need for a timeout here really, but some broken products from
Redmond seem to lose FD_READ events occasionally, and waking up and
retrying the recv() is the only known way to work around that.  Perhaps
somebody will be motivated to figure out a better answer here; but not I.

This reverts commit 7d88bb73.
That instrumentation has served its purpose.

The BSD-ish members of the buildfarm all seem to think removing this
was a bad idea.  It looks to me like it resulted in omitting the system
header inclusion necessary to detect the fields of struct tm correctly.

Since we have chosen to report socket EOF and error conditions via the
WL_SOCKET_READABLE flag bit, it's unsafe to wait only for
WL_SOCKET_WRITEABLE; the caller would never be notified of the socket
condition, and in some of these implementations WaitLatchOrSocket would
busy-wait until something else happens.  Add this restriction to the API
specification, and add Asserts to check that callers don't try to do that.

At some point we might want to consider adjusting the API to relax this
restriction, but until we have an actual use case for waiting on a
write-only socket, it seems premature to design a solution.