Remove collate.linux.utf8.sql's assumptions about ".utf8" in locale names.

Tweak the test so that it does not depend on the platform using ".utf8" as
the extension signifying that a locale uses UTF8 encoding.  For the most
part this just requires using the abbreviated collation names "en_US" etc,
though I had to work a bit harder on the collation creation tests.

This opens the door to using the test on platforms that spell locales
differently, for example ".utf-8" or ".UTF-8".  Also, the test is now
somewhat useful with server encodings other than UTF8; though depending on
which encoding is selected, different subsets of it will fail for lack of
character set support.

src/test/regress/expected/collate.linux.utf8.out

@@ -5,14 +5,14 @@
 SET client_encoding TO UTF8;
 CREATE TABLE collate_test1 (
     a int,
-    b text COLLATE "en_US.utf8" NOT NULL
+    b text COLLATE "en_US" NOT NULL
 );
 \d collate_test1
-          Table "public.collate_test1"
- Column |  Type   |          Modifiers          
---------+---------+-----------------------------
+       Table "public.collate_test1"
+ Column |  Type   |       Modifiers        
+--------+---------+------------------------
  a      | integer | 
- b      | text    | collate en_US.utf8 not null
+ b      | text    | collate en_US not null
 
 CREATE TABLE collate_test_fail (
     a int,
@@ -29,25 +29,25 @@ ERROR:  collation "foo" for encoding "UTF8" does not exist
 LINE 3:     b text COLLATE "foo"
                    ^
 CREATE TABLE collate_test_fail (
-    a int COLLATE "en_US.utf8",
+    a int COLLATE "en_US",
     b text
 );
 ERROR:  collations are not supported by type integer
-LINE 2:     a int COLLATE "en_US.utf8",
+LINE 2:     a int COLLATE "en_US",
                   ^
 CREATE TABLE collate_test_like (
     LIKE collate_test1
 );
 \d collate_test_like
-        Table "public.collate_test_like"
- Column |  Type   |          Modifiers          
---------+---------+-----------------------------
+     Table "public.collate_test_like"
+ Column |  Type   |       Modifiers        
+--------+---------+------------------------
  a      | integer | 
- b      | text    | collate en_US.utf8 not null
+ b      | text    | collate en_US not null
 
 CREATE TABLE collate_test2 (
     a int,
-    b text COLLATE "sv_SE.utf8"
+    b text COLLATE "sv_SE"
 );
 CREATE TABLE collate_test3 (
     a int,
@@ -105,16 +105,12 @@ SELECT * FROM collate_test1 WHERE b COLLATE "C" >= 'bbc' COLLATE "C";
  3 | bbc
 (2 rows)
 
-SELECT * FROM collate_test1 WHERE b COLLATE "C" >= 'bbc' COLLATE "en_US.utf8";
-ERROR:  collation mismatch between explicit collations "C" and "en_US.utf8"
-LINE 1: ...* FROM collate_test1 WHERE b COLLATE "C" >= 'bbc' COLLATE "e...
-                                                             ^
 SELECT * FROM collate_test1 WHERE b COLLATE "C" >= 'bbc' COLLATE "en_US";
 ERROR:  collation mismatch between explicit collations "C" and "en_US"
 LINE 1: ...* FROM collate_test1 WHERE b COLLATE "C" >= 'bbc' COLLATE "e...
                                                              ^
-CREATE DOMAIN testdomain_sv AS text COLLATE "sv_SE.utf8";
-CREATE DOMAIN testdomain_i AS int COLLATE "sv_SE.utf8"; -- fails
+CREATE DOMAIN testdomain_sv AS text COLLATE "sv_SE";
+CREATE DOMAIN testdomain_i AS int COLLATE "sv_SE"; -- fails
 ERROR:  collations are not supported by type integer
 CREATE TABLE collate_test4 (
     a int,
@@ -132,7 +128,7 @@ SELECT a, b FROM collate_test4 ORDER BY b;
 
 CREATE TABLE collate_test5 (
     a int,
-    b testdomain_sv COLLATE "en_US.utf8"
+    b testdomain_sv COLLATE "en_US"
 );
 INSERT INTO collate_test5 SELECT * FROM collate_test1;
 SELECT a, b FROM collate_test5 ORDER BY b;
@@ -209,13 +205,13 @@ SELECT * FROM collate_test3 ORDER BY b;
 (4 rows)
 
 -- constant expression folding
-SELECT 'bbc' COLLATE "en_US.utf8" > 'äbc' COLLATE "en_US.utf8" AS "true";
+SELECT 'bbc' COLLATE "en_US" > 'äbc' COLLATE "en_US" AS "true";
  true 
 ------
  t
 (1 row)
 
-SELECT 'bbc' COLLATE "sv_SE.utf8" > 'äbc' COLLATE "sv_SE.utf8" AS "false";
+SELECT 'bbc' COLLATE "sv_SE" > 'äbc' COLLATE "sv_SE" AS "false";
  false 
 -------
  f
@@ -224,8 +220,8 @@ SELECT 'bbc' COLLATE "sv_SE.utf8" > 'äbc' COLLATE "sv_SE.utf8" AS "false";
 -- upper/lower
 CREATE TABLE collate_test10 (
     a int,
-    x text COLLATE "en_US.utf8",
-    y text COLLATE "tr_TR.utf8"
+    x text COLLATE "en_US",
+    y text COLLATE "tr_TR"
 );
 INSERT INTO collate_test10 VALUES (1, 'hij', 'hij'), (2, 'HIJ', 'HIJ');
 SELECT a, lower(x), lower(y), upper(x), upper(y), initcap(x), initcap(y) FROM collate_test10;
@@ -293,18 +289,30 @@ SELECT * FROM collate_test1 WHERE b ILIKE '%bc%';
  4 | ABC
 (4 rows)
 
-SELECT 'Türkiye' COLLATE "en_US.utf8" ILIKE '%KI%' AS "true";
+SELECT 'Türkiye' COLLATE "en_US" ILIKE '%KI%' AS "true";
  true 
 ------
  t
 (1 row)
 
-SELECT 'Türkiye' COLLATE "tr_TR.utf8" ILIKE '%KI%' AS "false";
+SELECT 'Türkiye' COLLATE "tr_TR" ILIKE '%KI%' AS "false";
+ false 
+-------
+ f
+(1 row)
+
+SELECT 'bıt' ILIKE 'BIT' COLLATE "en_US" AS "false";
  false 
 -------
  f
 (1 row)
 
+SELECT 'bıt' ILIKE 'BIT' COLLATE "tr_TR" AS "true";
+ true 
+------
+ t
+(1 row)
+
 -- The following actually exercises the selectivity estimation for ILIKE.
 SELECT relname FROM pg_class WHERE relname ILIKE 'abc%';
  relname 
@@ -312,14 +320,14 @@ SELECT relname FROM pg_class WHERE relname ILIKE 'abc%';
 (0 rows)
 
 -- to_char
-SET lc_time TO 'tr_TR.utf8';
+SET lc_time TO 'tr_TR';
 SELECT to_char(date '2010-04-01', 'DD TMMON YYYY');
    to_char   
 -------------
  01 NIS 2010
 (1 row)
 
-SELECT to_char(date '2010-04-01', 'DD TMMON YYYY' COLLATE "tr_TR.utf8");
+SELECT to_char(date '2010-04-01', 'DD TMMON YYYY' COLLATE "tr_TR");
    to_char   
 -------------
  01 NİS 2010
@@ -602,7 +610,7 @@ SELECT a, b FROM collate_test1 UNION ALL SELECT a, b FROM collate_test3; -- ok
 (8 rows)
 
 SELECT a, b FROM collate_test1 UNION SELECT a, b FROM collate_test3 ORDER BY 2; -- fail
-ERROR:  collation mismatch between implicit collations "en_US.utf8" and "C"
+ERROR:  collation mismatch between implicit collations "en_US" and "C"
 LINE 1: SELECT a, b FROM collate_test1 UNION SELECT a, b FROM collat...
                                                        ^
 HINT:  You can choose the collation by applying the COLLATE clause to one or both expressions.
@@ -616,12 +624,12 @@ SELECT a, b COLLATE "C" FROM collate_test1 UNION SELECT a, b FROM collate_test3
 (4 rows)
 
 SELECT a, b FROM collate_test1 INTERSECT SELECT a, b FROM collate_test3 ORDER BY 2; -- fail
-ERROR:  collation mismatch between implicit collations "en_US.utf8" and "C"
+ERROR:  collation mismatch between implicit collations "en_US" and "C"
 LINE 1: ...ELECT a, b FROM collate_test1 INTERSECT SELECT a, b FROM col...
                                                              ^
 HINT:  You can choose the collation by applying the COLLATE clause to one or both expressions.
 SELECT a, b FROM collate_test1 EXCEPT SELECT a, b FROM collate_test3 ORDER BY 2; -- fail
-ERROR:  collation mismatch between implicit collations "en_US.utf8" and "C"
+ERROR:  collation mismatch between implicit collations "en_US" and "C"
 LINE 1: SELECT a, b FROM collate_test1 EXCEPT SELECT a, b FROM colla...
                                                         ^
 HINT:  You can choose the collation by applying the COLLATE clause to one or both expressions.
@@ -640,7 +648,7 @@ select x || y from collate_test10; -- ok, because || is not collation aware
 (2 rows)
 
 select x, y from collate_test10 order by x || y; -- not so ok
-ERROR:  collation mismatch between implicit collations "en_US.utf8" and "tr_TR.utf8"
+ERROR:  collation mismatch between implicit collations "en_US" and "tr_TR"
 LINE 1: select x, y from collate_test10 order by x || y;
                                                       ^
 HINT:  You can choose the collation by applying the COLLATE clause to one or both expressions.
@@ -823,26 +831,36 @@ SELECT relname, pg_get_indexdef(oid) FROM pg_class WHERE relname LIKE 'collate_t
 -- schema manipulation commands
 CREATE ROLE regress_test_role;
 CREATE SCHEMA test_schema;
-CREATE COLLATION test0 (locale = 'en_US.utf8');
-CREATE COLLATION test0 (locale = 'en_US.utf8'); -- fail
+-- We need to do this this way to cope with varying names for encodings:
+do $$
+BEGIN
+  EXECUTE 'CREATE COLLATION test0 (locale = ' ||
+          quote_literal(current_setting('lc_collate')) || ');';
+END
+$$;
+CREATE COLLATION test0 FROM "C"; -- fail, duplicate name
 ERROR:  collation "test0" for encoding "UTF8" already exists
-CREATE COLLATION test1 (lc_collate = 'en_US.utf8', lc_ctype = 'de_DE.utf8');
-CREATE COLLATION test2 (locale = 'en_US'); -- fail
-ERROR:  encoding UTF8 does not match locale en_US
-DETAIL:  The chosen LC_CTYPE setting requires encoding LATIN1.
-CREATE COLLATION test3 (lc_collate = 'en_US.utf8'); -- fail
+do $$
+BEGIN
+  EXECUTE 'CREATE COLLATION test1 (lc_collate = ' ||
+          quote_literal(current_setting('lc_collate')) ||
+          ', lc_ctype = ' ||
+          quote_literal(current_setting('lc_ctype')) || ');';
+END
+$$;
+CREATE COLLATION test3 (lc_collate = 'en_US.utf8'); -- fail, need lc_ctype
 ERROR:  parameter "lc_ctype" must be specified
 CREATE COLLATION testx (locale = 'nonsense'); -- fail
 ERROR:  could not create locale "nonsense": No such file or directory
 CREATE COLLATION test4 FROM nonsense;
 ERROR:  collation "nonsense" for encoding "UTF8" does not exist
 CREATE COLLATION test5 FROM test0;
-SELECT collname, collencoding, collcollate, collctype FROM pg_collation WHERE collname LIKE 'test%' ORDER BY 1;
- collname | collencoding | collcollate | collctype  
-----------+--------------+-------------+------------
- test0    |            6 | en_US.utf8  | en_US.utf8
- test1    |            6 | en_US.utf8  | de_DE.utf8
- test5    |            6 | en_US.utf8  | en_US.utf8
+SELECT collname FROM pg_collation WHERE collname LIKE 'test%' ORDER BY 1;
+ collname 
+----------
+ test0
+ test1
+ test5
 (3 rows)
 
 ALTER COLLATION test1 RENAME TO test11;
@@ -879,7 +897,7 @@ SELECT collname FROM pg_collation WHERE collname LIKE 'test%';
 DROP SCHEMA test_schema;
 DROP ROLE regress_test_role;
 -- dependencies
-CREATE COLLATION test0 (locale = 'en_US.utf8');
+CREATE COLLATION test0 FROM "C";
 CREATE TABLE collate_dep_test1 (a int, b text COLLATE test0);
 CREATE DOMAIN collate_dep_dom1 AS text COLLATE test0;
 CREATE TYPE collate_dep_test2 AS (x int, y text COLLATE test0);

src/test/regress/sql/collate.linux.utf8.sql

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ SET client_encoding TO UTF8;
 
 CREATE TABLE collate_test1 (
     a int,
-    b text COLLATE "en_US.utf8" NOT NULL
+    b text COLLATE "en_US" NOT NULL
 );
 
 \d collate_test1
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ CREATE TABLE collate_test_fail (
 );
 
 CREATE TABLE collate_test_fail (
-    a int COLLATE "en_US.utf8",
+    a int COLLATE "en_US",
     b text
 );
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ CREATE TABLE collate_test_like (
 
 CREATE TABLE collate_test2 (
     a int,
-    b text COLLATE "sv_SE.utf8"
+    b text COLLATE "sv_SE"
 );
 
 CREATE TABLE collate_test3 (
@@ -56,12 +56,11 @@ SELECT * FROM collate_test3 WHERE b >= 'BBC';
 SELECT * FROM collate_test1 WHERE b COLLATE "C" >= 'bbc';
 SELECT * FROM collate_test1 WHERE b >= 'bbc' COLLATE "C";
 SELECT * FROM collate_test1 WHERE b COLLATE "C" >= 'bbc' COLLATE "C";
-SELECT * FROM collate_test1 WHERE b COLLATE "C" >= 'bbc' COLLATE "en_US.utf8";
 SELECT * FROM collate_test1 WHERE b COLLATE "C" >= 'bbc' COLLATE "en_US";
 
 
-CREATE DOMAIN testdomain_sv AS text COLLATE "sv_SE.utf8";
-CREATE DOMAIN testdomain_i AS int COLLATE "sv_SE.utf8"; -- fails
+CREATE DOMAIN testdomain_sv AS text COLLATE "sv_SE";
+CREATE DOMAIN testdomain_i AS int COLLATE "sv_SE"; -- fails
 CREATE TABLE collate_test4 (
     a int,
     b testdomain_sv
@@ -71,7 +70,7 @@ SELECT a, b FROM collate_test4 ORDER BY b;
 
 CREATE TABLE collate_test5 (
     a int,
-    b testdomain_sv COLLATE "en_US.utf8"
+    b testdomain_sv COLLATE "en_US"
 );
 INSERT INTO collate_test5 SELECT * FROM collate_test1;
 SELECT a, b FROM collate_test5 ORDER BY b;
@@ -89,15 +88,15 @@ SELECT * FROM collate_test2 ORDER BY b;
 SELECT * FROM collate_test3 ORDER BY b;
 
 -- constant expression folding
-SELECT 'bbc' COLLATE "en_US.utf8" > 'äbc' COLLATE "en_US.utf8" AS "true";
-SELECT 'bbc' COLLATE "sv_SE.utf8" > 'äbc' COLLATE "sv_SE.utf8" AS "false";
+SELECT 'bbc' COLLATE "en_US" > 'äbc' COLLATE "en_US" AS "true";
+SELECT 'bbc' COLLATE "sv_SE" > 'äbc' COLLATE "sv_SE" AS "false";
 
 -- upper/lower
 
 CREATE TABLE collate_test10 (
     a int,
-    x text COLLATE "en_US.utf8",
-    y text COLLATE "tr_TR.utf8"
+    x text COLLATE "en_US",
+    y text COLLATE "tr_TR"
 );
 
 INSERT INTO collate_test10 VALUES (1, 'hij', 'hij'), (2, 'HIJ', 'HIJ');
@@ -116,8 +115,11 @@ SELECT * FROM collate_test1 WHERE b ILIKE 'abc';
 SELECT * FROM collate_test1 WHERE b ILIKE 'abc%';
 SELECT * FROM collate_test1 WHERE b ILIKE '%bc%';
 
-SELECT 'Türkiye' COLLATE "en_US.utf8" ILIKE '%KI%' AS "true";
-SELECT 'Türkiye' COLLATE "tr_TR.utf8" ILIKE '%KI%' AS "false";
+SELECT 'Türkiye' COLLATE "en_US" ILIKE '%KI%' AS "true";
+SELECT 'Türkiye' COLLATE "tr_TR" ILIKE '%KI%' AS "false";
+
+SELECT 'bıt' ILIKE 'BIT' COLLATE "en_US" AS "false";
+SELECT 'bıt' ILIKE 'BIT' COLLATE "tr_TR" AS "true";
 
 -- The following actually exercises the selectivity estimation for ILIKE.
 SELECT relname FROM pg_class WHERE relname ILIKE 'abc%';
@@ -125,9 +127,9 @@ SELECT relname FROM pg_class WHERE relname ILIKE 'abc%';
 
 -- to_char
 
-SET lc_time TO 'tr_TR.utf8';
+SET lc_time TO 'tr_TR';
 SELECT to_char(date '2010-04-01', 'DD TMMON YYYY');
-SELECT to_char(date '2010-04-01', 'DD TMMON YYYY' COLLATE "tr_TR.utf8");
+SELECT to_char(date '2010-04-01', 'DD TMMON YYYY' COLLATE "tr_TR");
 
 
 -- backwards parsing
@@ -268,17 +270,29 @@ SELECT relname, pg_get_indexdef(oid) FROM pg_class WHERE relname LIKE 'collate_t
 CREATE ROLE regress_test_role;
 CREATE SCHEMA test_schema;
 
-CREATE COLLATION test0 (locale = 'en_US.utf8');
-CREATE COLLATION test0 (locale = 'en_US.utf8'); -- fail
-CREATE COLLATION test1 (lc_collate = 'en_US.utf8', lc_ctype = 'de_DE.utf8');
-CREATE COLLATION test2 (locale = 'en_US'); -- fail
-CREATE COLLATION test3 (lc_collate = 'en_US.utf8'); -- fail
+-- We need to do this this way to cope with varying names for encodings:
+do $$
+BEGIN
+  EXECUTE 'CREATE COLLATION test0 (locale = ' ||
+          quote_literal(current_setting('lc_collate')) || ');';
+END
+$$;
+CREATE COLLATION test0 FROM "C"; -- fail, duplicate name
+do $$
+BEGIN
+  EXECUTE 'CREATE COLLATION test1 (lc_collate = ' ||
+          quote_literal(current_setting('lc_collate')) ||
+          ', lc_ctype = ' ||
+          quote_literal(current_setting('lc_ctype')) || ');';
+END
+$$;
+CREATE COLLATION test3 (lc_collate = 'en_US.utf8'); -- fail, need lc_ctype
 CREATE COLLATION testx (locale = 'nonsense'); -- fail
 
 CREATE COLLATION test4 FROM nonsense;
 CREATE COLLATION test5 FROM test0;
 
-SELECT collname, collencoding, collcollate, collctype FROM pg_collation WHERE collname LIKE 'test%' ORDER BY 1;
+SELECT collname FROM pg_collation WHERE collname LIKE 'test%' ORDER BY 1;
 
 ALTER COLLATION test1 RENAME TO test11;
 ALTER COLLATION test0 RENAME TO test11; -- fail
@@ -307,7 +321,7 @@ DROP ROLE regress_test_role;
 
 -- dependencies
 
-CREATE COLLATION test0 (locale = 'en_US.utf8');
+CREATE COLLATION test0 FROM "C";
 
 CREATE TABLE collate_dep_test1 (a int, b text COLLATE test0);
 CREATE DOMAIN collate_dep_dom1 AS text COLLATE test0;