A few regression tests for VALUES, from Gavin Sherry.

src/test/regress/expected/insert.out

@@ -37,4 +37,21 @@ select * from inserttest;
       |    7 | testing
 (4 rows)
 
+--
+-- VALUES test
+--
+insert into inserttest values(10, 20, '40'), (-1, 2, DEFAULT),
+    ((select 2), (select i from (values(3)) as foo (i)), 'values are fun!');
+select * from inserttest;
+ col1 | col2 |      col3       
+------+------+-----------------
+      |    3 | testing
+      |    5 | testing
+      |    5 | test
+      |    7 | testing
+   10 |   20 | 40
+   -1 |    2 | testing
+    2 |    3 | values are fun!
+(7 rows)
+
 drop table inserttest;

src/test/regress/expected/select.out

@@ -452,3 +452,64 @@ select foo from (select 'xyzzy',1,null) as foo;
  (xyzzy,1,)
 (1 row)
 
+--
+-- Test VALUES lists
+--
+select * from onek, (values(147, 'RFAAAA'), (931, 'VJAAAA')) as v (i, j)
+    WHERE onek.unique1 = v.i and onek.stringu1 = v.j;
+ unique1 | unique2 | two | four | ten | twenty | hundred | thousand | twothousand | fivethous | tenthous | odd | even | stringu1 | stringu2 | string4 |  i  |   j    
+---------+---------+-----+------+-----+--------+---------+----------+-------------+-----------+----------+-----+------+----------+----------+---------+-----+--------
+     147 |       0 |   1 |    3 |   7 |      7 |       7 |       47 |         147 |       147 |      147 |  14 |   15 | RFAAAA   | AAAAAA   | AAAAxx  | 147 | RFAAAA
+     931 |       1 |   1 |    3 |   1 |     11 |       1 |       31 |         131 |       431 |      931 |   2 |    3 | VJAAAA   | BAAAAA   | HHHHxx  | 931 | VJAAAA
+(2 rows)
+
+-- a more complex case
+-- looks like we're coding lisp :-)
+select * from onek,
+  (values ((select i from
+    (values(10000), (2), (389), (1000), (2000), ((select 10029))) as foo(i)
+    order by i asc limit 1))) bar (i)
+  where onek.unique1 = bar.i;
+ unique1 | unique2 | two | four | ten | twenty | hundred | thousand | twothousand | fivethous | tenthous | odd | even | stringu1 | stringu2 | string4 | i 
+---------+---------+-----+------+-----+--------+---------+----------+-------------+-----------+----------+-----+------+----------+----------+---------+---
+       2 |     326 |   0 |    2 |   2 |      2 |       2 |        2 |           2 |         2 |        2 |   4 |    5 | CAAAAA   | OMAAAA   | OOOOxx  | 2
+(1 row)
+
+-- try VALUES in a subquery
+select * from onek
+    where (unique1,ten) in (values (1,1), (20,0), (99,9), (17,99))
+    order by unique1;
+ unique1 | unique2 | two | four | ten | twenty | hundred | thousand | twothousand | fivethous | tenthous | odd | even | stringu1 | stringu2 | string4 
+---------+---------+-----+------+-----+--------+---------+----------+-------------+-----------+----------+-----+------+----------+----------+---------
+       1 |     214 |   1 |    1 |   1 |      1 |       1 |        1 |           1 |         1 |        1 |   2 |    3 | BAAAAA   | GIAAAA   | OOOOxx
+      20 |     306 |   0 |    0 |   0 |      0 |       0 |       20 |          20 |        20 |       20 |   0 |    1 | UAAAAA   | ULAAAA   | OOOOxx
+      99 |     101 |   1 |    3 |   9 |     19 |       9 |       99 |          99 |        99 |       99 |  18 |   19 | VDAAAA   | XDAAAA   | HHHHxx
+(3 rows)
+
+-- VALUES is also legal as a standalone query or a set-operation member
+VALUES (1,2), (3,4+4), (7,77.7);
+ column1 | column2 
+---------+---------
+       1 |       2
+       3 |       8
+       7 |    77.7
+(3 rows)
+
+VALUES (1,2), (3,4+4), (7,77.7)
+UNION ALL
+SELECT 2+2, 57
+UNION ALL
+SELECT * FROM int8_tbl;
+     column1      |      column2      
+------------------+-------------------
+                1 |                 2
+                3 |                 8
+                7 |              77.7
+                4 |                57
+              123 |               456
+              123 |  4567890123456789
+ 4567890123456789 |               123
+ 4567890123456789 |  4567890123456789
+ 4567890123456789 | -4567890123456789
+(9 rows)
+

src/test/regress/expected/update.out

@@ -39,6 +39,18 @@ SELECT * FROM update_test;
  10 | 20
 (2 rows)
 
+--
+-- Test VALUES in FROM
+--
+UPDATE update_test SET a=v.i FROM (VALUES(100, 20)) AS v(i, j)
+	WHERE update_test.b = v.j;
+SELECT * FROM update_test;
+  a  | b  
+-----+----
+ 100 | 20
+ 100 | 20
+(2 rows)
+
 -- if an alias for the target table is specified, don't allow references
 -- to the original table name
 BEGIN;

src/test/regress/sql/insert.sql

@@ -19,4 +19,13 @@ insert into inserttest (col1) values (1, 2);
 insert into inserttest (col1) values (DEFAULT, DEFAULT);
 
 select * from inserttest;
+
+--
+-- VALUES test
+--
+insert into inserttest values(10, 20, '40'), (-1, 2, DEFAULT),
+    ((select 2), (select i from (values(3)) as foo (i)), 'values are fun!');
+
+select * from inserttest;
+
 drop table inserttest;

src/test/regress/sql/select.sql

@@ -110,3 +110,31 @@ SELECT p.name, p.age FROM person* p ORDER BY age using >, name;
 select foo from (select 1) as foo;
 select foo from (select null) as foo;
 select foo from (select 'xyzzy',1,null) as foo;
+
+--
+-- Test VALUES lists
+--
+select * from onek, (values(147, 'RFAAAA'), (931, 'VJAAAA')) as v (i, j)
+    WHERE onek.unique1 = v.i and onek.stringu1 = v.j;
+
+-- a more complex case
+-- looks like we're coding lisp :-)
+select * from onek,
+  (values ((select i from
+    (values(10000), (2), (389), (1000), (2000), ((select 10029))) as foo(i)
+    order by i asc limit 1))) bar (i)
+  where onek.unique1 = bar.i;
+
+-- try VALUES in a subquery
+select * from onek
+    where (unique1,ten) in (values (1,1), (20,0), (99,9), (17,99))
+    order by unique1;
+
+-- VALUES is also legal as a standalone query or a set-operation member
+VALUES (1,2), (3,4+4), (7,77.7);
+
+VALUES (1,2), (3,4+4), (7,77.7)
+UNION ALL
+SELECT 2+2, 57
+UNION ALL
+SELECT * FROM int8_tbl;

src/test/regress/sql/update.sql

@@ -25,6 +25,15 @@ UPDATE update_test t SET b = t.b + 10 WHERE t.a = 10;
 
 SELECT * FROM update_test;
 
+--
+-- Test VALUES in FROM
+--
+
+UPDATE update_test SET a=v.i FROM (VALUES(100, 20)) AS v(i, j)
+	WHERE update_test.b = v.j;
+
+SELECT * FROM update_test;
+
 -- if an alias for the target table is specified, don't allow references
 -- to the original table name
 BEGIN;