Restructure get_object_address() so it's safe against concurrent DDL.

This gives a much better error message when the object of interest is
concurrently dropped and avoids needlessly failing when the object of
interest is concurrently dropped and recreated.  It also improves the
behavior of two concurrent DROP IF EXISTS operations targeted at the
same object; as before, one will drop the object, but now the other
will emit the usual NOTICE indicating that the object does not exist,
instead of rolling back.  As a fringe benefit, it's also slightly
less code.