Fix management of fn_extra caching during repeated GiST index scans.

Commit d22a09dc introduced official support
for GiST consistentFns that want to cache data using the FmgrInfo fn_extra
pointer: the idea was to preserve the cached values across gistrescan(),
whereas formerly they'd been leaked.  However, there was an oversight in
that, namely that multiple scan keys might reference the same column's
consistentFn; the code would result in propagating the same cache value
into multiple scan keys, resulting in crashes or wrong answers.  Use a
separate array instead to ensure that each scan key keeps its own state.

Per bug #8143 from Joel Roller.  Back-patch to 9.2 where the bug was
introduced.

src/backend/access/gist/gistscan.c

@@ -202,6 +202,8 @@ gistrescan(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 	/* Update scan key, if a new one is given */
 	if (key && scan->numberOfKeys > 0)
 	{
+		void	  **fn_extras = NULL;
+
 		/*
 		 * If this isn't the first time through, preserve the fn_extra
 		 * pointers, so that if the consistentFns are using them to cache
@@ -209,13 +211,9 @@ gistrescan(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		 */
 		if (!first_time)
 		{
+			fn_extras = (void **) palloc(scan->numberOfKeys * sizeof(void *));
 			for (i = 0; i < scan->numberOfKeys; i++)
-			{
-				ScanKey		skey = scan->keyData + i;
-
-				so->giststate->consistentFn[skey->sk_attno - 1].fn_extra =
-					skey->sk_func.fn_extra;
-			}
+				fn_extras[i] = scan->keyData[i].sk_func.fn_extra;
 		}
 
 		memmove(scan->keyData, key,
@@ -231,10 +229,6 @@ gistrescan(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		 * Next, if any of keys is a NULL and that key is not marked with
 		 * SK_SEARCHNULL/SK_SEARCHNOTNULL then nothing can be found (ie, we
 		 * assume all indexable operators are strict).
-		 *
-		 * Note: we intentionally memcpy the FmgrInfo to sk_func rather than
-		 * using fmgr_info_copy.  This is so that the fn_extra field gets
-		 * preserved across multiple rescans.
 		 */
 		so->qual_ok = true;
 
@@ -242,7 +236,13 @@ gistrescan(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		{
 			ScanKey		skey = scan->keyData + i;
 
-			skey->sk_func = so->giststate->consistentFn[skey->sk_attno - 1];
+			fmgr_info_copy(&(skey->sk_func),
+						   &(so->giststate->consistentFn[skey->sk_attno - 1]),
+						   so->giststate->scanCxt);
+
+			/* Restore prior fn_extra pointers, if not first time */
+			if (!first_time)
+				skey->sk_func.fn_extra = fn_extras[i];
 
 			if (skey->sk_flags & SK_ISNULL)
 			{
@@ -250,21 +250,22 @@ gistrescan(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 					so->qual_ok = false;
 			}
 		}
+
+		if (!first_time)
+			pfree(fn_extras);
 	}
 
 	/* Update order-by key, if a new one is given */
 	if (orderbys && scan->numberOfOrderBys > 0)
 	{
+		void	  **fn_extras = NULL;
+
 		/* As above, preserve fn_extra if not first time through */
 		if (!first_time)
 		{
+			fn_extras = (void **) palloc(scan->numberOfOrderBys * sizeof(void *));
 			for (i = 0; i < scan->numberOfOrderBys; i++)
-			{
-				ScanKey		skey = scan->orderByData + i;
-
-				so->giststate->distanceFn[skey->sk_attno - 1].fn_extra =
-					skey->sk_func.fn_extra;
-			}
+				fn_extras[i] = scan->orderByData[i].sk_func.fn_extra;
 		}
 
 		memmove(scan->orderByData, orderbys,
@@ -276,21 +277,27 @@ gistrescan(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		 * function in the form of its strategy number, which is available
 		 * from the sk_strategy field, and its subtype from the sk_subtype
 		 * field.
-		 *
-		 * See above comment about why we don't use fmgr_info_copy here.
 		 */
 		for (i = 0; i < scan->numberOfOrderBys; i++)
 		{
 			ScanKey		skey = scan->orderByData + i;
-
-			skey->sk_func = so->giststate->distanceFn[skey->sk_attno - 1];
+			FmgrInfo   *finfo = &(so->giststate->distanceFn[skey->sk_attno - 1]);
 
 			/* Check we actually have a distance function ... */
-			if (!OidIsValid(skey->sk_func.fn_oid))
+			if (!OidIsValid(finfo->fn_oid))
 				elog(ERROR, "missing support function %d for attribute %d of index \"%s\"",
 					 GIST_DISTANCE_PROC, skey->sk_attno,
 					 RelationGetRelationName(scan->indexRelation));
+
+			fmgr_info_copy(&(skey->sk_func), finfo, so->giststate->scanCxt);
+
+			/* Restore prior fn_extra pointers, if not first time */
+			if (!first_time)
+				skey->sk_func.fn_extra = fn_extras[i];
 		}
+
+		if (!first_time)
+			pfree(fn_extras);
 	}
 
 	PG_RETURN_VOID();