Replace opendir/closedir calls throughout the backend with AllocateDir

and FreeDir routines modeled on the existing AllocateFile/FreeFile.
Like the latter, these routines will avoid failing on EMFILE/ENFILE
conditions whenever possible, and will prevent leakage of directory
descriptors if an elog() occurs while one is open.
Also, reduce PANIC to ERROR in MoveOfflineLogs() --- this is not
critical code and there is no reason to force a DB restart on failure.
All per recent trouble report from Olivier Hubaut.

contrib/dbsize/dbsize.c

 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include <sys/types.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <errno.h>
 
 #include "access/heapam.h"
 #include "catalog/catalog.h"
 #include "catalog/namespace.h"
 #include "commands/dbcommands.h"
 #include "fmgr.h"
+#include "storage/fd.h"
 #include "utils/builtins.h"
 
 
@@ -58,7 +57,7 @@ database_size(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 
 	dbpath = GetDatabasePath(dbid);
 
-	dirdesc = opendir(dbpath);
+	dirdesc = AllocateDir(dbpath);
 	if (!dirdesc)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode_for_file_access(),
@@ -93,7 +92,7 @@ database_size(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
 		pfree(fullname);
 	}
 
-	closedir(dirdesc);
+	FreeDir(dirdesc);
 
 	PG_RETURN_INT64(totalsize);
 }

src/backend/access/transam/slru.c

@@ -6,15 +6,13 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2003, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/access/transam/slru.c,v 1.12 2004/02/17 03:45:17 momjian Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/access/transam/slru.c,v 1.13 2004/02/23 23:03:10 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 #include "postgres.h"
 
 #include <fcntl.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <errno.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 
@@ -888,7 +886,7 @@ SlruScanDirectory(SlruCtl ctl, int cutoffPage, bool doDeletions)
 	int			segpage;
 	char		path[MAXPGPATH];
 
-	cldir = opendir(ctl->Dir);
+	cldir = AllocateDir(ctl->Dir);
 	if (cldir == NULL)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode_for_file_access(),
@@ -927,7 +925,7 @@ SlruScanDirectory(SlruCtl ctl, int cutoffPage, bool doDeletions)
 		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode_for_file_access(),
 			   errmsg("could not read directory \"%s\": %m", ctl->Dir)));
-	closedir(cldir);
+	FreeDir(cldir);
 
 	return found;
 }

src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2003, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c,v 1.136 2004/02/17 03:45:17 momjian Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/access/transam/xlog.c,v 1.137 2004/02/23 23:03:10 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -17,10 +17,8 @@
 #include <fcntl.h>
 #include <signal.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
-#include <errno.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
 #include <sys/time.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
 
 #include "access/clog.h"
 #include "access/transam.h"
@@ -1753,9 +1751,9 @@ MoveOfflineLogs(uint32 log, uint32 seg, XLogRecPtr endptr)
 
 	XLByteToPrevSeg(endptr, endlogId, endlogSeg);
 
-	xldir = opendir(XLogDir);
+	xldir = AllocateDir(XLogDir);
 	if (xldir == NULL)
-		ereport(PANIC,
+		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode_for_file_access(),
 			errmsg("could not open transaction log directory \"%s\": %m",
 				   XLogDir)));
@@ -1812,11 +1810,11 @@ MoveOfflineLogs(uint32 log, uint32 seg, XLogRecPtr endptr)
 		errno = 0;
 #endif
 	if (errno)
-		ereport(PANIC,
+		ereport(ERROR,
 				(errcode_for_file_access(),
 			errmsg("could not read transaction log directory \"%s\": %m",
 				   XLogDir)));
-	closedir(xldir);
+	FreeDir(xldir);
 }
 
 /*

src/backend/storage/file/fd.c

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/storage/file/fd.c,v 1.107 2004/02/23 20:45:59 tgl Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/storage/file/fd.c,v 1.108 2004/02/23 23:03:10 tgl Exp $
  *
  * NOTES:
  *
@@ -43,8 +43,6 @@
 #include <sys/file.h>
 #include <sys/param.h>
 #include <sys/stat.h>
-#include <dirent.h>
-#include <errno.h>
 #include <unistd.h>
 #include <fcntl.h>
 
@@ -87,11 +85,11 @@ int			max_files_per_process = 1000;
 
 /*
  * Maximum number of file descriptors to open for either VFD entries or
- * AllocateFile files.  This is initialized to a conservative value, and
- * remains that way indefinitely in bootstrap or standalone-backend cases.
- * In normal postmaster operation, the postmaster calls set_max_safe_fds()
- * late in initialization to update the value, and that value is then
- * inherited by forked subprocesses.
+ * AllocateFile/AllocateDir operations.  This is initialized to a conservative
+ * value, and remains that way indefinitely in bootstrap or standalone-backend
+ * cases.  In normal postmaster operation, the postmaster calls
+ * set_max_safe_fds() late in initialization to update the value, and that
+ * value is then inherited by forked subprocesses.
  *
  * Note: the value of max_files_per_process is taken into account while
  * setting this variable, and so need not be tested separately.
@@ -159,6 +157,17 @@ static int	nfile = 0;
 static int	numAllocatedFiles = 0;
 static FILE *allocatedFiles[MAX_ALLOCATED_FILES];
 
+/*
+ * List of <dirent.h> DIRs opened with AllocateDir.
+ *
+ * Since we don't have heavy use of AllocateDir, it seems OK to put a pretty
+ * small maximum limit on the number of simultaneously allocated dirs.
+ */
+#define MAX_ALLOCATED_DIRS  10
+
+static int	numAllocatedDirs = 0;
+static DIR *allocatedDirs[MAX_ALLOCATED_DIRS];
+
 /*
  * Number of temporary files opened during the current session;
  * this is used in generation of tempfile names.
@@ -489,7 +498,7 @@ LruInsert(File file)
 
 	if (FileIsNotOpen(file))
 	{
-		while (nfile + numAllocatedFiles >= max_safe_fds)
+		while (nfile + numAllocatedFiles + numAllocatedDirs >= max_safe_fds)
 		{
 			if (!ReleaseLruFile())
 				break;
@@ -748,7 +757,7 @@ fileNameOpenFile(FileName fileName,
 	file = AllocateVfd();
 	vfdP = &VfdCache[file];
 
-	while (nfile + numAllocatedFiles >= max_safe_fds)
+	while (nfile + numAllocatedFiles + numAllocatedDirs >= max_safe_fds)
 	{
 		if (!ReleaseLruFile())
 			break;
@@ -1099,8 +1108,8 @@ AllocateFile(char *name, char *mode)
 	 * looping.
 	 */
 	if (numAllocatedFiles >= MAX_ALLOCATED_FILES ||
-		numAllocatedFiles >= max_safe_fds - 1)
-		elog(ERROR, "too many private FDs demanded");
+		numAllocatedFiles + numAllocatedDirs >= max_safe_fds - 1)
+		elog(ERROR, "too many private files demanded");
 
 TryAgain:
 	if ((file = fopen(name, mode)) != NULL)
@@ -1155,6 +1164,86 @@ FreeFile(FILE *file)
 	return fclose(file);
 }
 
+
+/*
+ * Routines that want to use <dirent.h> (ie, DIR*) should use AllocateDir
+ * rather than plain opendir().  This lets fd.c deal with freeing FDs if
+ * necessary to open the directory, and with closing it after an elog.
+ * When done, call FreeDir rather than closedir.
+ *
+ * Ideally this should be the *only* direct call of opendir() in the backend.
+ */
+DIR *
+AllocateDir(const char *dirname)
+{
+	DIR	   *dir;
+
+	DO_DB(elog(LOG, "AllocateDir: Allocated %d", numAllocatedDirs));
+
+	/*
+	 * The test against MAX_ALLOCATED_DIRS prevents us from overflowing
+	 * allocatedDirs[]; the test against max_safe_fds prevents AllocateDir
+	 * from hogging every one of the available FDs, which'd lead to infinite
+	 * looping.
+	 */
+	if (numAllocatedDirs >= MAX_ALLOCATED_DIRS ||
+		numAllocatedDirs + numAllocatedFiles >= max_safe_fds - 1)
+		elog(ERROR, "too many private dirs demanded");
+
+TryAgain:
+	if ((dir = opendir(dirname)) != NULL)
+	{
+		allocatedDirs[numAllocatedDirs] = dir;
+		numAllocatedDirs++;
+		return dir;
+	}
+
+	if (errno == EMFILE || errno == ENFILE)
+	{
+		int			save_errno = errno;
+
+		ereport(LOG,
+				(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_RESOURCES),
+			  errmsg("out of file descriptors: %m; release and retry")));
+		errno = 0;
+		if (ReleaseLruFile())
+			goto TryAgain;
+		errno = save_errno;
+	}
+
+	return NULL;
+}
+
+/*
+ * Close a directory opened with AllocateDir.
+ *
+ * Note we do not check closedir's return value --- it is up to the caller
+ * to handle close errors.
+ */
+int
+FreeDir(DIR *dir)
+{
+	int			i;
+
+	DO_DB(elog(LOG, "FreeDir: Allocated %d", numAllocatedDirs));
+
+	/* Remove dir from list of allocated dirs, if it's present */
+	for (i = numAllocatedDirs; --i >= 0;)
+	{
+		if (allocatedDirs[i] == dir)
+		{
+			numAllocatedDirs--;
+			allocatedDirs[i] = allocatedDirs[numAllocatedDirs];
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+	if (i < 0)
+		elog(WARNING, "dir passed to FreeDir was not obtained from AllocateDir");
+
+	return closedir(dir);
+}
+
+
 /*
  * closeAllVfds
  *
@@ -1211,7 +1300,7 @@ AtProcExit_Files(int code, Datum arg)
  * exiting. If that's the case, we should remove all temporary files; if
  * that's not the case, we are being called for transaction commit/abort
  * and should only remove transaction-local temp files.  In either case,
- * also clean up "allocated" stdio files.
+ * also clean up "allocated" stdio files and dirs.
  */
 static void
 CleanupTempFiles(bool isProcExit)
@@ -1240,6 +1329,9 @@ CleanupTempFiles(bool isProcExit)
 
 	while (numAllocatedFiles > 0)
 		FreeFile(allocatedFiles[0]);
+
+	while (numAllocatedDirs > 0)
+		FreeDir(allocatedDirs[0]);
 }
 
 
@@ -1271,7 +1363,7 @@ RemovePgTempFiles(void)
 	 * files.
 	 */
 	snprintf(db_path, sizeof(db_path), "%s/base", DataDir);
-	if ((db_dir = opendir(db_path)) != NULL)
+	if ((db_dir = AllocateDir(db_path)) != NULL)
 	{
 		while ((db_de = readdir(db_dir)) != NULL)
 		{
@@ -1287,7 +1379,7 @@ RemovePgTempFiles(void)
 					 "%s/%s/%s",
 					 db_path, db_de->d_name,
 					 PG_TEMP_FILES_DIR);
-			if ((temp_dir = opendir(temp_path)) != NULL)
+			if ((temp_dir = AllocateDir(temp_path)) != NULL)
 			{
 				while ((temp_de = readdir(temp_dir)) != NULL)
 				{
@@ -1310,9 +1402,9 @@ RemovePgTempFiles(void)
 							 "unexpected file found in temporary-files directory: \"%s\"",
 							 rm_path);
 				}
-				closedir(temp_dir);
+				FreeDir(temp_dir);
 			}
 		}
-		closedir(db_dir);
+		FreeDir(db_dir);
 	}
 }

src/include/storage/fd.h

@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2003, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
  * Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
  *
- * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/storage/fd.h,v 1.43 2004/02/23 20:45:59 tgl Exp $
+ * $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/storage/fd.h,v 1.44 2004/02/23 23:03:10 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
@@ -31,10 +31,16 @@
  * use FreeFile, not fclose, to close it.  AVOID using stdio for files
  * that you intend to hold open for any length of time, since there is
  * no way for them to share kernel file descriptors with other files.
+ *
+ * Likewise, use AllocateDir/FreeDir, not opendir/closedir, to allocate
+ * open directories (DIR*).
  */
 #ifndef FD_H
 #define FD_H
 
+#include <dirent.h>
+
+
 /*
  * FileSeek uses the standard UNIX lseek(2) flags.
  */
@@ -65,7 +71,11 @@ extern int	FileTruncate(File file, long offset);
 
 /* Operations that allow use of regular stdio --- USE WITH CAUTION */
 extern FILE *AllocateFile(char *name, char *mode);
-extern int	FreeFile(FILE *);
+extern int	FreeFile(FILE *file);
+
+/* Operations to allow use of the <dirent.h> library routines */
+extern DIR *AllocateDir(const char *dirname);
+extern int	FreeDir(DIR *dir);
 
 /* If you've really really gotta have a plain kernel FD, use this */
 extern int	BasicOpenFile(FileName fileName, int fileFlags, int fileMode);

src/port/copydir.c

@@ -11,18 +11,18 @@
  *	as a service.
  *
  * IDENTIFICATION
- *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/port/copydir.c,v 1.7 2003/11/29 19:52:13 pgsql Exp $
+ *	  $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/port/copydir.c,v 1.8 2004/02/23 23:03:10 tgl Exp $
  *
  *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
  */
 
 #include "postgres.h"
 
+#include "storage/fd.h"
+
 #undef mkdir					/* no reason to use that macro because we
 								 * ignore the 2nd arg */
 
-#include <dirent.h>
-
 
 /*
  * copydir: copy a directory (we only need to go one level deep)
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ copydir(char *fromdir, char *todir)
 				 errmsg("could not create directory \"%s\": %m", todir)));
 		return -1;
 	}
-	xldir = opendir(fromdir);
+	xldir = AllocateDir(fromdir);
 	if (xldir == NULL)
 	{
 		ereport(WARNING,
@@ -65,11 +65,11 @@ copydir(char *fromdir, char *todir)
 			ereport(WARNING,
 					(errcode_for_file_access(),
 					 errmsg("could not copy file \"%s\": %m", fromfl)));
-			closedir(xldir);
+			FreeDir(xldir);
 			return -1;
 		}
 	}
 
-	closedir(xldir);
+	FreeDir(xldir);
 	return 0;
 }