Revert "Move page initialization from RelationAddExtraBlocks() to use."

This reverts commit fc02e672 and
e6799d5a.

Parts of the buildfarm error out with
ERROR: page %u of relation "%s" should be empty but is not
errors, and so far I/we do not know why. fc02e672 didn't fix the
issue.  As I cannot reproduce the issue locally, it seems best to get
the buildfarm green again, and reproduce the issue without time
pressure.

src/backend/access/heap/hio.c

@@ -204,8 +204,7 @@ RelationAddExtraBlocks(Relation relation, BulkInsertState bistate)
 		/*
 		 * Extend by one page.  This should generally match the main-line
 		 * extension code in RelationGetBufferForTuple, except that we hold
-		 * the relation extension lock throughout, and we don't immediately
-		 * initialize the page (see below).
+		 * the relation extension lock throughout.
 		 */
 		buffer = ReadBufferBI(relation, P_NEW, bistate);
 
@@ -217,16 +216,18 @@ RelationAddExtraBlocks(Relation relation, BulkInsertState bistate)
 				 BufferGetBlockNumber(buffer),
 				 RelationGetRelationName(relation));
 
+		PageInit(page, BufferGetPageSize(buffer), 0);
+
 		/*
-		 * Add the page to the FSM without initializing. If we were to
-		 * initialize here the page would potentially get flushed out to disk
-		 * before we add any useful content. There's no guarantee that that'd
-		 * happen before a potential crash, so we need to deal with
-		 * uninitialized pages anyway, thus avoid the potential for
-		 * unnecessary writes.
+		 * We mark all the new buffers dirty, but do nothing to write them
+		 * out; they'll probably get used soon, and even if they are not, a
+		 * crash will leave an okay all-zeroes page on disk.
 		 */
+		MarkBufferDirty(buffer);
+
+		/* we'll need this info below */
 		blockNum = BufferGetBlockNumber(buffer);
-		freespace = BufferGetPageSize(buffer) - SizeOfPageHeaderData;
+		freespace = PageGetHeapFreeSpace(page);
 
 		UnlockReleaseBuffer(buffer);
 
@@ -478,18 +479,6 @@ loop:
 		 * we're done.
 		 */
 		page = BufferGetPage(buffer);
-
-		/*
-		 * Initialize page, it'll be used soon.  We could avoid dirtying the
-		 * buffer here, and rely on the caller to do so whenever it puts a
-		 * tuple onto the page, but there seems not much benefit in doing so.
-		 */
-		if (PageIsNew(page))
-		{
-			PageInit(page, BufferGetPageSize(buffer), 0);
-			MarkBufferDirty(buffer);
-		}
-
 		pageFreeSpace = PageGetHeapFreeSpace(page);
 		if (len + saveFreeSpace <= pageFreeSpace)
 		{

src/backend/access/heap/vacuumlazy.c

@@ -860,65 +860,43 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, int options, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
 
 		if (PageIsNew(page))
 		{
-			bool		still_new;
-
 			/*
-			 * All-zeroes pages can be left over if either a backend extends
-			 * the relation by a single page, but crashes before the newly
-			 * initialized page has been written out, or when bulk-extending
-			 * the relation (which creates a number of empty pages at the tail
-			 * end of the relation, but enters them into the FSM).
-			 *
-			 * Make sure these pages are in the FSM, to ensure they can be
-			 * reused. Do that by testing if there's any space recorded for
-			 * the page. If not, enter it.
-			 *
-			 * Note we do not enter the page into the visibilitymap. That has
-			 * the downside that we repeatedly visit this page in subsequent
-			 * vacuums, but otherwise we'll never not discover the space on a
-			 * promoted standby. The harm of repeated checking ought to
-			 * normally not be too bad - the space usually should be used at
-			 * some point, otherwise there wouldn't be any regular vacuums.
+			 * An all-zeroes page could be left over if a backend extends the
+			 * relation but crashes before initializing the page. Reclaim such
+			 * pages for use.
 			 *
 			 * We have to be careful here because we could be looking at a
-			 * page that someone has just added to the relation and the
-			 * extending backend might not yet have been able to lock the page
-			 * (see RelationGetBufferForTuple), which is problematic because
-			 * of cross-checks that new pages are actually new. If we add this
-			 * page to the FSM, this page could be reused, and such
-			 * crosschecks could fail. To protect against that, release the
-			 * buffer lock, grab the relation extension lock momentarily, and
-			 * re-lock the buffer. If the page is still empty and not in the
-			 * FSM by then, it must be left over from a from a crashed
-			 * backend, and we can record the free space.
+			 * page that someone has just added to the relation and not yet
+			 * been able to initialize (see RelationGetBufferForTuple). To
+			 * protect against that, release the buffer lock, grab the
+			 * relation extension lock momentarily, and re-lock the buffer. If
+			 * the page is still uninitialized by then, it must be left over
+			 * from a crashed backend, and we can initialize it.
+			 *
+			 * We don't really need the relation lock when this is a new or
+			 * temp relation, but it's probably not worth the code space to
+			 * check that, since this surely isn't a critical path.
 			 *
 			 * Note: the comparable code in vacuum.c need not worry because
-			 * it's got an exclusive lock on the whole relation.
+			 * it's got exclusive lock on the whole relation.
 			 */
 			LockBuffer(buf, BUFFER_LOCK_UNLOCK);
 			LockRelationForExtension(onerel, ExclusiveLock);
 			UnlockRelationForExtension(onerel, ExclusiveLock);
 			LockBufferForCleanup(buf);
-
-			/*
-			 * Perform checking of FSM after releasing lock, the fsm is
-			 * approximate, after all.
-			 */
-			still_new = PageIsNew(page);
-			UnlockReleaseBuffer(buf);
-
-			if (still_new)
+			if (PageIsNew(page))
 			{
+				ereport(WARNING,
+						(errmsg("relation \"%s\" page %u is uninitialized --- fixing",
+								relname, blkno)));
+				PageInit(page, BufferGetPageSize(buf), 0);
 				empty_pages++;
-
-				if (GetRecordedFreeSpace(onerel, blkno) == 0)
-				{
-					Size		freespace;
-
-					freespace = BufferGetPageSize(buf) - SizeOfPageHeaderData;
-					RecordPageWithFreeSpace(onerel, blkno, freespace);
-				}
 			}
+			freespace = PageGetHeapFreeSpace(page);
+			MarkBufferDirty(buf);
+			UnlockReleaseBuffer(buf);
+
+			RecordPageWithFreeSpace(onerel, blkno, freespace);
 			continue;
 		}
 
@@ -927,10 +905,7 @@ lazy_scan_heap(Relation onerel, int options, LVRelStats *vacrelstats,
 			empty_pages++;
 			freespace = PageGetHeapFreeSpace(page);
 
-			/*
-			 * Empty pages are always all-visible and all-frozen (note that
-			 * the same is currently not true for new pages, see above).
-			 */
+			/* empty pages are always all-visible and all-frozen */
 			if (!PageIsAllVisible(page))
 			{
 				START_CRIT_SECTION();
@@ -1664,13 +1639,12 @@ lazy_check_needs_freeze(Buffer buf, bool *hastup)
 
 	*hastup = false;
 
-	/*
-	 * New and empty pages, obviously, don't contain tuples. We could make
-	 * sure that the page is registered in the FSM, but it doesn't seem worth
-	 * waiting for a cleanup lock just for that, especially because it's
-	 * likely that the pin holder will do so.
-	 */
-	if (PageIsNew(page) || PageIsEmpty(page))
+	/* If we hit an uninitialized page, we want to force vacuuming it. */
+	if (PageIsNew(page))
+		return true;
+
+	/* Quick out for ordinary empty page. */
+	if (PageIsEmpty(page))
 		return false;
 
 	maxoff = PageGetMaxOffsetNumber(page);
@@ -2055,6 +2029,7 @@ count_nondeletable_pages(Relation onerel, LVRelStats *vacrelstats)
 
 		if (PageIsNew(page) || PageIsEmpty(page))
 		{
+			/* PageIsNew probably shouldn't happen... */
 			UnlockReleaseBuffer(buf);
 			continue;
 		}