Revert "Fix issues with Windows' stat() for files pending on deletion"

This reverts commit 54fb8c7, as per the issues reported by fairywren
when it comes to MinGW because of the lack of microsoft_native_stat()
there.  Using just stat() for MSVC is not sufficient to take care of the
concurrency problems with files pending on deletion.  It may be possible
to paint some __MINGW64__ in the code to switch to a different
implementation of stat() in this build context, but I am not sure either
if relying on the implementation of stat() in MinGW to take care of the
problems we are trying to fix is enough or not.  So this needs more
study.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/YOvOlfRrIO0yGtgw@paquier.xyz
Backpatch-through: 14

src/port/open.c

@@ -157,9 +157,9 @@ pgwin32_open(const char *fileName, int fileFlags,...)
 		{
 			if (loops < 10)
 			{
-				struct microsoft_native_stat st;
+				struct stat st;
 
-				if (microsoft_native_stat(fileName, &st) != 0)
+				if (stat(fileName, &st) != 0)
 				{
 					pg_usleep(100000);
 					loops++;

src/port/win32stat.c

@@ -18,6 +18,53 @@
 #include "c.h"
 #include <windows.h>
 
+/*
+ * In order to support MinGW and MSVC2013 we use NtQueryInformationFile as an
+ * alternative for GetFileInformationByHandleEx. It is loaded from the ntdll
+ * library.
+ */
+#if _WIN32_WINNT < 0x0600
+#include <winternl.h>
+
+#if !defined(__MINGW32__) && !defined(__MINGW64__)
+/* MinGW includes this in <winternl.h>, but it is missing in MSVC */
+typedef struct _FILE_STANDARD_INFORMATION
+{
+	LARGE_INTEGER AllocationSize;
+	LARGE_INTEGER EndOfFile;
+	ULONG		NumberOfLinks;
+	BOOLEAN		DeletePending;
+	BOOLEAN		Directory;
+} FILE_STANDARD_INFORMATION;
+#define FileStandardInformation 5
+#endif							/* !defined(__MINGW32__) &&
+								 * !defined(__MINGW64__) */
+
+typedef NTSTATUS (NTAPI * PFN_NTQUERYINFORMATIONFILE)
+			(IN HANDLE FileHandle,
+			 OUT PIO_STATUS_BLOCK IoStatusBlock,
+			 OUT PVOID FileInformation,
+			 IN ULONG Length,
+			 IN FILE_INFORMATION_CLASS FileInformationClass);
+
+static PFN_NTQUERYINFORMATIONFILE _NtQueryInformationFile = NULL;
+
+static HMODULE ntdll = NULL;
+
+/*
+ * Load DLL file just once regardless of how many functions we load/call in it.
+ */
+static void
+LoadNtdll(void)
+{
+	if (ntdll != NULL)
+		return;
+	ntdll = LoadLibraryEx("ntdll.dll", NULL, 0);
+}
+
+#endif							/* _WIN32_WINNT < 0x0600 */
+
+
 /*
  * Convert a FILETIME struct into a 64 bit time_t.
  */
@@ -116,81 +163,117 @@ _pgstat64(const char *name, struct stat *buf)
 {
 	/*
 	 * We must use a handle so lstat() returns the information of the target
-	 * file.  To have a reliable test for ERROR_DELETE_PENDING, this uses a
-	 * method similar to open() with a loop using stat() and some waits when
-	 * facing ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED.
+	 * file.  To have a reliable test for ERROR_DELETE_PENDING, we use
+	 * NtQueryInformationFile from Windows 2000 or
+	 * GetFileInformationByHandleEx from Server 2008 / Vista.
 	 */
 	SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES sa;
 	HANDLE		hFile;
 	int			ret;
-	int			loops = 0;
+#if _WIN32_WINNT < 0x0600
+	IO_STATUS_BLOCK ioStatus;
+	FILE_STANDARD_INFORMATION standardInfo;
+#else
+	FILE_STANDARD_INFO standardInfo;
+#endif
 
 	if (name == NULL || buf == NULL)
 	{
 		errno = EINVAL;
 		return -1;
 	}
+
 	/* fast not-exists check */
 	if (GetFileAttributes(name) == INVALID_FILE_ATTRIBUTES)
 	{
-		DWORD		err = GetLastError();
-
-		if (err != ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)
-		{
-			_dosmaperr(err);
-			return -1;
-		}
+		_dosmaperr(GetLastError());
+		return -1;
 	}
 
 	/* get a file handle as lightweight as we can */
 	sa.nLength = sizeof(SECURITY_ATTRIBUTES);
 	sa.bInheritHandle = TRUE;
 	sa.lpSecurityDescriptor = NULL;
-	while ((hFile = CreateFile(name,
-							   GENERIC_READ,
-							   (FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE),
-							   &sa,
-							   OPEN_EXISTING,
-							   (FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING | FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS |
-								FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED),
-							   NULL)) == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
+	hFile = CreateFile(name,
+					   GENERIC_READ,
+					   (FILE_SHARE_READ | FILE_SHARE_WRITE | FILE_SHARE_DELETE),
+					   &sa,
+					   OPEN_EXISTING,
+					   (FILE_FLAG_NO_BUFFERING | FILE_FLAG_BACKUP_SEMANTICS |
+						FILE_FLAG_OVERLAPPED),
+					   NULL);
+	if (hFile == INVALID_HANDLE_VALUE)
 	{
 		DWORD		err = GetLastError();
 
-		/*
-		 * ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED is returned if the file is deleted but not yet
-		 * gone (Windows NT status code is STATUS_DELETE_PENDING).  In that
-		 * case we want to wait a bit and try again, giving up after 1 second
-		 * (since this condition should never persist very long).  However,
-		 * there are other commonly-hit cases that return ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED,
-		 * so care is needed.  In particular that happens if we try to open a
-		 * directory, or of course if there's an actual file-permissions
-		 * problem.  To distinguish these cases, try a stat().  In the
-		 * delete-pending case, it will either also get STATUS_DELETE_PENDING,
-		 * or it will see the file as gone and fail with ENOENT.  In other
-		 * cases it will usually succeed.  The only somewhat-likely case where
-		 * this coding will uselessly wait is if there's a permissions problem
-		 * with a containing directory, which we hope will never happen in any
-		 * performance-critical code paths.
-		 */
-		if (err == ERROR_ACCESS_DENIED)
+		CloseHandle(hFile);
+		_dosmaperr(err);
+		return -1;
+	}
+
+	memset(&standardInfo, 0, sizeof(standardInfo));
+
+#if _WIN32_WINNT < 0x0600
+	if (_NtQueryInformationFile == NULL)
+	{
+		/* First time through: load ntdll.dll and find NtQueryInformationFile */
+		LoadNtdll();
+		if (ntdll == NULL)
+		{
+			DWORD		err = GetLastError();
+
+			CloseHandle(hFile);
+			_dosmaperr(err);
+			return -1;
+		}
+
+		_NtQueryInformationFile = (PFN_NTQUERYINFORMATIONFILE) (pg_funcptr_t)
+			GetProcAddress(ntdll, "NtQueryInformationFile");
+		if (_NtQueryInformationFile == NULL)
 		{
-			if (loops < 10)
-			{
-				struct microsoft_native_stat st;
-
-				if (microsoft_native_stat(name, &st) != 0)
-				{
-					pg_usleep(100000);
-					loops++;
-					continue;
-				}
-			}
+			DWORD		err = GetLastError();
+
+			CloseHandle(hFile);
+			_dosmaperr(err);
+			return -1;
 		}
+	}
 
+	if (!NT_SUCCESS(_NtQueryInformationFile(hFile, &ioStatus, &standardInfo,
+											sizeof(standardInfo),
+											FileStandardInformation)))
+	{
+		DWORD		err = GetLastError();
+
+		CloseHandle(hFile);
+		_dosmaperr(err);
+		return -1;
+	}
+#else
+	if (!GetFileInformationByHandleEx(hFile, FileStandardInfo, &standardInfo,
+									  sizeof(standardInfo)))
+	{
+		DWORD		err = GetLastError();
+
+		CloseHandle(hFile);
 		_dosmaperr(err);
 		return -1;
 	}
+#endif							/* _WIN32_WINNT < 0x0600 */
+
+	if (standardInfo.DeletePending)
+	{
+		/*
+		 * File has been deleted, but is not gone from the filesystem yet.
+		 * This can happen when some process with FILE_SHARE_DELETE has it
+		 * open, and it will be fully removed once that handle is closed.
+		 * Meanwhile, we can't open it, so indicate that the file just doesn't
+		 * exist.
+		 */
+		CloseHandle(hFile);
+		errno = ENOENT;
+		return -1;
+	}
 
 	/* At last we can invoke fileinfo_to_stat */
 	ret = fileinfo_to_stat(hFile, buf);