Update of Russian FAQ.

 Viktor Vislobokov

doc/FAQ_russian

 
                Otvety na chasto zadavaemye voprosy po PostgreSQL
                                        
-   Data poslednego obnovleniya: Vtornik 31 avgusta 23:28:03 EDT 2004
+   Data poslednego obnovleniya: Sreda 15 dekabrya 20:06:34 EST 2004
    
    Anglijskij variant soprovozhdaet: Bryus Mom'yan (Bruce Momjian)
    (pgman@candle.pha.pa.us)
@@ -109,8 +109,7 @@
    4.25) Kak mne vernut' iz funkcii neskol'ko zapisej?
    4.26) Pochemu ya ne mogu nadezhno sozdavat'/udalyat' vremennye tablicy
    v funkciyah PL/PgSQL?
-   4.27) Kakie opcii replikacii suschestvuyut?
-   4.28) Kakie opcii shifrovaniya suschestvuyut?
+   4.27) Kakie opcii shifrovaniya suschestvuyut?
    
                           Rasshireniya PostgreSQL
                                       
@@ -208,7 +207,9 @@
    Nachinaya s versii 8.0, PostgreSQL bez vsyakih uhischrenij rabotaet na
    operacionnyh sistemah Microsoft Windows, osnovannyh na NT, takih kak
    Win2000, WinXP i Win2003. Paket installyatora dostupen po adresu
-   http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller.
+   http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller. Versii Windows, osnovannye
+   na MS-DOS (Win95, Win98, WinMe) mogut zapuskat' PostgreSQL s
+   pomosch'yu Cygwin.
    
    Takzhe suschestvuet versiya sportirovannaya pod Novell Netware 6 na
    http://forge.novell.com.
@@ -259,17 +260,20 @@
    
      http://www.PostgreSQL.org
      
-   Esche suschestvuet IRC kanal na Freenode i EFNet, s nazvaniem
-   #PostgreSQL. YA ispol'zuyu dlya podklyucheniya k `etomu kanalu komandu
-   Unix irc -c '#PostgreSQL' "$USER" irc.phoenix.net. ili irc -c
-   '#PostgreSQL' "$USER" irc.freenode.net.
+   Glavnym IRC kanalom yavlyaetsya #postgreql, raspolozhennyj na servere
+   Freenode (irc.freenode.net). CHtoby podklyuchit'sya, vy mozhete
+   ispol'zovat' komandu Unix irc -c '#postgresql' "$USER"
+   irc.freenode.net ili lyuboj drugoj IRC klient. Na `etom zhe servere
+   suschestvuyut kanaly na ispanskom (#postgresql-es) i francuzskom
+   (#postgresqlfr) yazykah. Takzhe suschestvuet kanal po PostgreSQL na
+   servere EFNet.
    
    Spisok kommercheskoj podderzhki kompanij dostupen na
    http://techdocs.postgresql.org/companies.php.
    
     1.7) Kakaya poslednyaya versiya?
     
-   Poslednij vypusk PostgreSQL - `eto versiya 7.4.5
+   Poslednij vypusk PostgreSQL - `eto versiya 7.4.6
    
    My planiruem vypuskat' novye versii kazhdye 6-8 mesyacev.
    
@@ -338,9 +342,8 @@
    
     1.13) Kak otpravit' soobschenie ob oshibke??
     
-   Pozhalujsta posetite stranichku PostgreSQL BugTool na
-   http://www.PostgreSQL.org/bugs/bugs.php, na kotoroj predostavleny
-   detal'nye instrukcii o tom kak otpravit' soobschenie ob oshibke.
+   Zapolnite formu ob oshibke v PostgreSQL, kotoraya raspolozhena na
+   http://www.postgresql.org/bugform.html.
    
    Takzhe ne zabud'te posmotret' na ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub na
    predmet bolee svezhih versij PostgreSQL ili zaplat.
@@ -360,7 +363,7 @@
           dlya raboty s soderzhimym blokirovok.
           
    Proizvoditel'nost'
-          PostgreSQL imeet proizvoditel'nost' shozhuyu s drugimi
+          PostgreSQL imeet proizvoditel'nost' shodnuyu s drugimi
           kommercheskimi SUBD i s SUBD s otkrytym ishodnym kodom, v
           kakih-to aspektah rabotaya bystree chem oni, v kakih-to
           medlenee. V sravnenii s MySQL ili obydennee SUBD, my bystree,
@@ -473,10 +476,12 @@
     
    Da, suschestvuet neskol'ko graficheskih interfejsov dlya PostgreSQL.
    `Eto PgAccess (http://www.pgaccess.org), PgAdmin III
-   (http://www.pgadmin.org), RHDB Admin (http://sources.redhat.com/rhdb/)
-   i Rekall ( http://www.thekompany.com/products/rekall/, kommercheskij).
-   Takzhe est' PhpPgAdmin ( http://phppgadmin.sourceforge.net/) -
-   interfejs k PostgreSQL, osnovannyj na Web.
+   (http://www.pgadmin.org), RHDB Admin
+   (http://sources.redhat.com/rhdb/), TORA (http://www.globecom.net/tora/
+   (chastichno kommercheskoe PO) i Rekall (
+   http://www.thekompany.com/products/rekall/, kommercheskij). Takzhe
+   est' PhpPgAdmin ( http://phppgadmin.sourceforge.net/) - interfejs k
+   PostgreSQL, osnovannyj na Web.
    
     2.4) Kakie yazyki mogut vzaimodejstvovat' s PostgreSQL?
     
@@ -520,7 +525,7 @@
    backend processov vy nastroili dlya postmaster. Dlya bol'shinstva
    sistem, s kolichestvom buferov i processov po umolchaniyu, neobhodimyj
    minimum - `eto okolo 1 megabajta. Podrobnosti o razdelyaemoj pamyati i
-   semaforah smotrite v Rukovodstve administratora PostgreSQL.
+   semaforah smotrite v Rukovodstve administratora PostgreSQL..
    
     3.4) Kogda ya pytayus' zapustit' postmaster, ya poluchayu oshibki
     IpcSemaphoreCreate. Pochemu?
@@ -566,23 +571,23 @@
    nad udaleniem i peresozdaniem indeksov, kogda vy vypolnyaete bol'shie
    izmeneniya dannyh.
    
-   Suschestvuet neskol'ko opcij nastrojki. Vy mozhete zapretit' fsync()
-   pri starte postmaster s opciej -o -F. `Eto predotvratit vyzovy
-   fsync(), kotorye privodyat k sbrosu dannyh na disk posle kazhdoj
-   tranzakcii.
+   Suschestvuet neskol'ko opcij nastrojki v Rukovodstve Administratora
+   PostgreSQL. Vy mozhete zapretit' fsync() pri starte postmaster s
+   opciej -o -F. `Eto predotvratit vyzovy fsync(), kotorye privodyat k
+   sbrosu dannyh na disk posle kazhdoj tranzakcii.
    
-   Vy mozhete takzhe ispol'zovat' dlya postmaster opciyu -B dlya
+   Vy mozhete takzhe ispol'zovat' opciyu shared_buffers -B dlya
    uvelicheniya kolichestva buferov razdelyaemoj pamyati, kotoraya
    ispol'zuetsya backend processami. Esli vy sdelaete znachenie `etogo
    parametra slishkom bol'shim, to postmaster mozhet ne zapustitsya
    potomu chto vy ischerpaete ogranichenie yadra na ob"em razdelyaemoj
    pamyati. Kazhdyj bufer imeet razmer v 8 kilobajt i po umolchaniyu
-   vydelyaetsya 64 bufera.
+   vydelyaetsya 1000 buferov.
    
-   Vy mozhete takzhe ispol'zovat' backend opciyu -S dlya uvelicheniya
-   maksimal'nogo kolichestva pamyati, kotoroe ispol'zuetsya backend
-   processom dlya vremennyh sortirovok. Znachenie dlya opcii -S zadaetsya
-   v kilobajtah i po umolchaniyu ravno 512 (t.e. 512K).
+   Vy mozhete takzhe ispol'zovat' backend opcii sort_mem i work_mem dlya
+   uvelicheniya maksimal'nogo kolichestva pamyati, kotoroe ispol'zuetsya
+   backend processom dlya vremennyh sortirovok. Znachenie po umolchaniyu
+   sostavlyaet 1024 (t.e. 1MB).
    
    Vy takzhe mozhete ispol'zovat' komandu CLUSTER dlya gruppirovki dannyh
    v tablicah na sovpadayuschij indeks. Podrobnosti smotrite na stranice
@@ -623,10 +628,13 @@
    blokirovok/backend ne mogut byt' vosproizvedeny.
    
    Esli postmaster zapuschen, zapustite psql v odnom okne, zatem najdite
-   PID processa postgres, ispol'zuemyj psql. Ispol'zujte otdadchik dlya
-   podklyucheniya k postgres PID. Vy mozhete ustanovit' tochki
-   preryvaniya v otladchike i zapustit' zapros iz psql. Esli vy
-   proizvodite otladku zapuska postgres, vy mozhete ustanovit'
+   PID processa postgres, ispol'zuemyj psql, ispol'zuya
+        SELECT pg_backend_pid()
+
+
+   Ispol'zujte otdadchik dlya podklyucheniya k postgres PID. Vy mozhete
+   ustanovit' tochki preryvaniya v otladchike i zapustit' zapros iz psql.
+   Esli vy proizvodite otladku zapuska postgres, vy mozhete ustanovit'
    PGOPTIONS="-W n", i zatem zapustit' psql. `Eta opciya privodit k
    zaderzhke processa zapuska na n sekund, v techenie kotoryh vy mozhete
    podklyuchit' k processu otladchik, ustanovit' lyubye tochki
@@ -893,7 +901,16 @@ a
      * Poisk nezavisimyj ot registra, takoj kak ILIKE i ~* ne ispol'zuet
        indeksy. Vmesto nego, ispol'zujte funkcional'nye indeksy, kotorye
        opisyvayutsya v sekcii 4.12.
-     * Vo vremya initdb dolzhna ispol'zovat'sya lokal' po umolchaniyu C.
+     * Vo vremya initdb dolzhna ispol'zovat'sya lokal' po umolchaniyu C,
+       potomu chto ne suschestvuet vozmozhnosti uznat' next-greater
+       simvol dlya ne-C lokali. Vy mozhete dlya takih sluchaev sozdat'
+       special'nyj indeks
+        text_pattern_ops
+
+       kotoryj rabotaet tol'ko dlya
+        LIKE
+
+       indeksirovaniya.
        
    V vypuskah do versii 8.0, indeksy chasto nel'zya bylo ispol'zovat',
    esli tipy dannyh tochno ne sovpadali s indeksnymi tipami kolonok. `Eto
@@ -1251,17 +1268,7 @@ CREATE TABLE test (x int, modtime timestamp DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP );
    EXECUTE dlya dostupa k vremennym tablicam v PL/PgSQL. Ispol'zovanie
    `etogo operatora zastavit zapros peregenerirovat'sya kazhdyj raz.
    
-    4.27) Kakie opcii replikacii suschestvuyut?
-    
-   Est' neskol'ko opcij dlya replikacii tipa master/slave. Oni dopuskayut
-   ispol'zovanie tol'ko master servera dlya vneseniya izmenenij v bazu
-   dannyh, a slave servery prosto pozvolyayut chitat' dannye iz bazy. Ob
-   `etom chitajte zdes':
-   http://gborg.PostgreSQL.org/genpage?replication_research. O replikacii
-   s neskol'kimi master serverami chitajte zdes':
-   http://gborg.PostgreSQL.org/project/pgreplication/projdisplay.php.
-   
-    4.28) Kakie opcii shifrovaniya suschestvuyut?
+    4.27) Kakie opcii shifrovaniya suschestvuyut?
     
      * contrib/pgcrypto soderzhit mnogo funkcij shifrovaniya dlya
        ispol'zovaniya v SQL zaprosah.

doc/src/FAQ/FAQ_russian.html

@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@
   <BODY bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#ff0000" vlink="#a00000" alink="#0000ff">
     <H1>      PostgreSQL</H1>
 
-    <P>  :  31  23:28:03 EDT 2004</P>
+    <P>  :  15  20:06:34 EST 2004</P>
 
     <P>  :   (Bruce Momjian) (<A href=
     "mailto:pgman@candle.pha.pa.us">pgman@candle.pha.pa.us</A>)<BR>
     </P>
     <P>  :   (<A href=
-    "mailto:pgman@candle.pha.pa.us">corochoone@perm.ru</A>)<BR>
+    "mailto:corochoone@perm.ru">corochoone@perm.ru</A>)<BR>
     </P>
 
     <P>       
@@ -139,8 +139,7 @@
      <A href="#4.25">4.25</A>)       ?<BR>
      <A href="#4.26">4.26</A>)      /
          PL/PgSQL?<BR>
-     <A href="#4.27">4.27</A>)    ?<BR>
-     <A href="#4.28">4.28</A>)    ?<BR>
+     <A href="#4.27">4.27</A>)    ?<BR>
 
     <H2 align="center"> PostgreSQL</H2>
     <A href="#5.1">5.1</A>)     .
@@ -201,8 +200,9 @@
 
     <P>    PostgreSQL</P>
 
-    <P>Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2005, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
-    Portions Copyright (c) 1994-6 Regents of the University of California</P>
+    <P>Portions copyright (c) 1996-2004, PostgreSQL Global Development
+    Group Portions Copyright (c) 1994-6 Regents of the University of
+    California</P>
 
     <P>   , , 
            
@@ -244,7 +244,9 @@
       Microsoft Windows,   NT,  
     Win2000, WinXP  Win2003.     
     <A href="http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller">
-    http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller</A>.</P>
+    http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller</A>.  Windows,
+      MS-DOS (Win95, Win98, WinMe)  
+    PostgreSQL   Cygwin.</P>
     
     <P>     Novell Netware 6 
     <a href="http://forge.novell.com/">http://forge.novell.com</a>.</P>
@@ -307,17 +309,20 @@
       <A href="http://www.PostgreSQL.org">http://www.PostgreSQL.org</A>
     </BLOCKQUOTE>
 
-    <P>  IRC   Freenode  EFNet,  
-    <I>#PostgreSQL</I>.         Unix
-    <CODE>irc -c '#PostgreSQL' "$USER" irc.phoenix.net.</CODE> 
-    <CODE>irc -c '#PostgreSQL' "$USER" irc.freenode.net.</CODE></P>
+    <P> IRC   <I>#postgreql</I>,
+       Freenode (<I>irc.freenode.net</I>). 
+    ,     Unix
+    <code>irc -c '#postgresql' "$USER" irc.freenode.net</code> 
+      IRC .       
+     (<I>#postgresql-es</I>)   (<I>#postgresqlfr</I>)
+    .     PostgreSQL   EFNet.</P>
 
     <P>     
     <A href="http://techdocs.postgresql.org/companies.php">http://techdocs.postgresql.org/companies.php</A>.</P>
 
     <H4><A name="1.7">1.7</A>)   ?</H4>
 
-    <P>  PostgreSQL -   7.4.5</P>
+    <P>  PostgreSQL -   7.4.6</P>
 
     <P>      6-8 .</P>
 
@@ -397,10 +402,8 @@
 
     <H4><A name="1.13">1.13</A>)     ??</H4>
 
-    <P>   PostgreSQL BugTool  <A href=
-    "http://www.postgresql.org/bugs/bugs.php">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/bugs/bugs.php</A>,
-            
-      .</P>
+    <P>     PostgreSQL,    
+    <A href="http://www.postgresql.org/bugform.html">http://www.postgresql.org/bugform.html</A>.</P>
 
     <P>     <A href=
     "ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub">ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub</A>
@@ -428,7 +431,7 @@
 
       <DT><B></B></DT>
 
-      <DD>PostgreSQL      
+      <DD>PostgreSQL      
              ,  -  
         ,  - .    MySQL  
       ,  ,   ,    
@@ -555,7 +558,9 @@
     <P>,      PostgreSQL.
      PgAccess (<A href="http://www.pgaccess.org/">http://www.pgaccess.org</A>),
     PgAdmin III (<A href="http://www.pgadmin.org/">http://www.pgadmin.org</A>),
-    RHDB Admin (<A href="http://sources.redhat.com/rhdb/">http://sources.redhat.com/rhdb/</A>)
+    RHDB Admin (<A href="http://sources.redhat.com/rhdb/">http://sources.redhat.com/rhdb/</A>),
+    TORA (<A href="http://www.globecom.net/tora/">http://www.globecom.net/tora/
+    (  )</A>
      Rekall (<A href="http://www.thekompany.com/products/rekall/">
     http://www.thekompany.com/products/rekall/</A>, ).  
     PhpPgAdmin (<A href="http://phppgadmin.sourceforge.net/">
@@ -613,8 +618,8 @@
           ,   -
       1 .      
       <A href=
-    "http://www.postgresql.org/docs/viev.php?version=current&amp;idoc=1&amp;file=kernel-resources.html">
-     PostgreSQL</A>.</P>
+    "http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/kernel-resources.html">
+     PostgreSQL.</A>.</P>
 
     <H4><A name="3.4">3.4</A>)     <I>postmaster</I>, 
       <I>IpcSemaphoreCreate</I>. ?</H4>
@@ -662,22 +667,24 @@
       ,     
     .</P>
 
-    <P>   .   
+    <P>     
+    <A href="http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/runtime.html">
+      PostgreSQL</A>.   
     <I>fsync()</I>   <I>postmaster</I>   <I>-o -F</I>.
        <I>fsync()</I>,    
          .</P>
 
-    <P>     <I>postmaster</I>  <I>-B</I>
+    <P>     <I>shared_buffers</I> <I>-B</I>
          , 
      backend .      
      ,  <I>postmaster</I>     
            . 
-        8      64 .</P>
+        8      1000 .</P>
 
-    <P>    backend  <I>-S</I>  
-      ,   backend 
-      .    <I>-S</I>  
-         512 (.. 512K).</P>
+    <P>    backend  <I>sort_mem</I> 
+    <I>work_mem</I>     , 
+     backend    .  
+      1024 (.. 1MB).</P>
 
     <P>     <SMALL>CLUSTER</SMALL> 
           .  
@@ -723,9 +730,15 @@
 
     <P> <I>postmaster</I> ,  <I>psql</I>  
     ,   <SMALL>PID</SMALL>  <I>postgres</I>,
-     <I>psql</I>.     
-    <I>postgres</I> <SMALL>PID</SMALL>.    
-           <I>psql</I>. 
+     <I>psql</I>,  </P>
+    
+    <PRE>
+	SELECT pg_backend_pid()
+    </PRE>
+    
+    <P>     <I>postgres</I> <SMALL>PID</SMALL>.
+             
+     <I>psql</I>. 
         <I>postgres</I>,   
     PGOPTIONS="-W n",    <I>psql</I>.   
          <I>n</I> ,   
@@ -1014,7 +1027,17 @@
     <i>~*</i>   .  ,  
     ,     <A href="#4.12">4.12</A>.</LI>
     <LI>  <i>initdb</i>     
-    <i>C</i>.
+    <i>C</i>,       next-greater
+      -C .       
+    
+    <PRE>
+	text_pattern_ops
+    </PRE>
+       
+    <PRE>
+	LIKE
+    </PRE>
+    .</LI>
     </UL>
     </P>
     
@@ -1432,17 +1455,7 @@ BYTEA           bytea
       PL/PgSQL.     
       .</P>
 
-    <H4><A name="4.27">4.27</A>)    ?</H4>
-
-    <P>      master/slave.  
-      master       ,
-     slave       .   
-    : <A href="http://gborg.postgresql.org/genpage?replication_research">
-    http://gborg.PostgreSQL.org/genpage?replication_research</A>.  
-      master   :
-    <a href="http://gborg.postgresql.org/project/pgreplication/projdisplay.php">http://gborg.PostgreSQL.org/project/pgreplication/projdisplay.php</A>.</P>
-
-    <h4><a name="4.28">4.28</a>)    ?
+    <h4><a name="4.27">4.27</a>)    ?
     </h4>
     <ul>
     <li><i>contrib/pgcrypto</i>