Before restarting a tablesync worker for the same relation, wait
wal_retrieve_retry_interval (currently 5s by default).  This avoids
restarting failing workers in a tight loop.

We keep the last start times in a hash table last_start_times that is
separate from the table_states list, because that list is cleared out on
syscache invalidation, which happens whenever a table finishes syncing.
The hash table is kept until all tables have finished syncing.

A future project might be to unify these two and keep everything in one
data structure, but for now this is a less invasive change to accomplish
the original purpose.

For the test suite, set wal_retrieve_retry_interval to its minimum
value, to not increase the test suite run time.
Reviewed-by: Petr Jelinek <petr.jelinek@2ndquadrant.com>
Reported-by: Masahiko Sawada <sawada.mshk@gmail.com>