The old code entered a new hash table entry first, then scanned
pg_class to determine what value to fill in, and then populated the
entry.  This fails to work properly if a cache invalidation happens
as a result of opening pg_class.  Repair.

Along the way, get rid of the idea of blowing away the entire hash
table as a method of processing invalidations.  Instead, just delete
all the entries one by one.  This is probably not quite as cheap but
it's simpler, and shouldn't happen often.

Andres Freund