This patch replaces Guttman's generalized split method with a simple
sort-by-center-points algorithm.  Since the data is only one-dimensional
we don't really need the slow and none-too-stable Guttman method.

This is in part a bug fix, since seg has the same size_alpha versus
size_beta typo that was recently fixed in contrib/cube.  It seems
prudent to apply this rather aggressive fix only in HEAD, though.
Back branches will just get the typo fix.

Alexander Korotkov, reviewed by Yeb Havinga