mkdirp

Like `mkdir -p`, but in Node.js!

Now with a modern API and no* bugs!

* may contain some bugs

# example

## pow.js

const mkdirp = require('mkdirp')
// return value is a Promise resolving to the first directory created
mkdirp('/tmp/foo/bar/baz').then(made =>
console.log(`made directories, starting with ${made}`))

Output (where `/tmp/foo` already exists)

made directories, starting with /tmp/foo/bar

Or, if you don't have time to wait around for promises:

const mkdirp = require('mkdirp')
// return value is the first directory created
const made = mkdirp.sync('/tmp/foo/bar/baz')
console.log(`made directories, starting with ${made}`)

And now /tmp/foo/bar/baz exists, huzzah!

# methods

const mkdirp = require('mkdirp')

## mkdirp(dir, [opts]) -> Promise<String | undefined>

Create a new directory and any necessary subdirectories at `dir` with octal permission string `opts.mode`. If `opts` is a string or number, it will be treated as the `opts.mode`.

If `opts.mode` isn't specified, it defaults to `0o777 & (~process.umask())`.

Promise resolves to first directory `made` that had to be created, or `undefined` if everything already exists. Promise rejects if any errors are encountered. Note that, in the case of promise rejection, some directories may have been created, as recursive directory creation is not an atomic operation.

You can optionally pass in an alternate `fs` implementation by passing in `opts.fs`. Your implementation should have `opts.fs.mkdir(path, opts, cb)` and `opts.fs.stat(path, cb)`.

You can also override just one or the other of `mkdir` and `stat` by passing in `opts.stat` or `opts.mkdir`, or providing an `fs` option that only overrides one of these.

## mkdirp.sync(dir, opts) -> String|null

Synchronously create a new directory and any necessary subdirectories at `dir` with octal permission string `opts.mode`. If `opts` is a string or number, it will be treated as the `opts.mode`.

If `opts.mode` isn't specified, it defaults to `0o777 & (~process.umask())`.

Returns the first directory that had to be created, or undefined if everything already exists.

You can optionally pass in an alternate `fs` implementation by passing in `opts.fs`. Your implementation should have `opts.fs.mkdirSync(path, mode)` and `opts.fs.statSync(path)`.

You can also override just one or the other of `mkdirSync` and `statSync` by passing in `opts.statSync` or `opts.mkdirSync`, or providing an `fs` option that only overrides one of these.

## mkdirp.manual, mkdirp.manualSync

Use the manual implementation (not the native one). This is the default when the native implementation is not available or the stat/mkdir implementation is overridden.

## mkdirp.native, mkdirp.nativeSync

Use the native implementation (not the manual one). This is the default when the native implementation is available and stat/mkdir are not overridden.

# implementation

On Node.js v10.12.0 and above, use the native `fs.mkdir(p, {recursive:true})` option, unless `fs.mkdir`/`fs.mkdirSync` has been overridden by an option.

## native implementation

- If the path is a root directory, then pass it to the underlying implementation and return the result/error. (In this case, it'll either succeed or fail, but we aren't actually creating any dirs.)
- Walk up the path statting each directory, to find the first path that will be created, `made`.
- Call `fs.mkdir(path, { recursive: true })` (or `fs.mkdirSync`)
- If error, raise it to the caller.
- Return `made`.

## manual implementation

- Call underlying `fs.mkdir` implementation, with `recursive: false`
- If error:
  - If path is a root directory, raise to the caller and do not handle it
  - If ENOENT, mkdirp parent dir, store result as `made`
  - stat(path)
    - If error, raise original `mkdir` error
    - If directory, return `made`
    - Else, raise original `mkdir` error
- else
  - return `undefined` if a root dir, or `made` if set, or `path`

## windows vs unix caveat

On Windows file systems, attempts to create a root directory (ie, a drive letter or root UNC path) will fail. If the root directory exists, then it will fail with `EPERM`. If the root directory does not exist, then it will fail with `ENOENT`.

On posix file systems, attempts to create a root directory (in recursive mode) will succeed silently, as it is treated like just another directory that already exists. (In non-recursive mode, of course, it fails with `EEXIST`.)

In order to preserve this system-specific behavior (and because it's not as if we can create the parent of a root directory anyway), attempts to create a root directory are passed directly to the `fs` implementation, and any errors encountered are not handled.

## native error caveat

The native implementation (as of at least Node.js v13.4.0) does not provide appropriate errors in some cases (see nodejs/node#31481 and nodejs/node#28015).

In order to work around this issue, the native implementation will fall back to the manual implementation if an `ENOENT` error is encountered.

# choosing a recursive mkdir implementation

There are a few to choose from! Use the one that suits your needs best :D

## use <tt>fs.mkdir(path, {recursive: true}, cb)</tt> if:

- You wish to optimize performance even at the expense of other factors.
- You don't need to know the first dir created.
- You are ok with getting `ENOENT` as the error when some other problem is the actual cause.
- You can limit your platforms to Node.js v10.12 and above.
- You're ok with using callbacks instead of promises.
- You don't need/want a CLI.
- You don't need to override the `fs` methods in use.

## use this module (mkdirp 1.x) if:

- You need to know the first directory that was created.
- You wish to use the native implementation if available, but fall back when it's not.
- You prefer promise-returning APIs to callback-taking APIs.
- You want more useful error messages than the native recursive mkdir provides (at least as of Node.js v13.4), and are ok with re-trying on `ENOENT` to achieve this.
- You need (or at least, are ok with) a CLI.
- You need to override the `fs` methods in use.

## use <a href="http://npm.im/make-dir"><tt>make-dir</tt></a> if:

- You do not need to know the first dir created (and wish to save a few `stat` calls when using the native implementation for this reason).
- You wish to use the native implementation if available, but fall back when it's not.
- You prefer promise-returning APIs to callback-taking APIs.
- You are ok with occasionally getting `ENOENT` errors for failures that are actually related to something other than a missing file system entry.
- You don't need/want a CLI.
- You need to override the `fs` methods in use.

## use mkdirp 0.x if:

- You need to know the first directory that was created.
- You need (or at least, are ok with) a CLI.
- You need to override the `fs` methods in use.
- You're ok with using callbacks instead of promises.
- You are not running on Windows, where the root-level ENOENT errors can lead to infinite regress.
- You think vinyl just sounds warmer and richer for some weird reason.
- You are supporting truly ancient Node.js versions, before even the advent of a `Promise` language primitive. (Please don't. You deserve better.)

# cli

This package also ships with a `mkdirp` command.

$ mkdirp -h
usage: mkdirp [DIR1,DIR2..] {OPTIONS}
Create each supplied directory including any necessary parent directories
that don't yet exist.
If the directory already exists, do nothing.
OPTIONS are:
-m<mode> If a directory needs to be created, set the mode as an octal
--mode=<mode> permission string.
-v --version Print the mkdirp version number
-h --help Print this helpful banner
-p --print Print the first directories created for each path provided
--manual Use manual implementation, even if native is available

# install

With npm do:

npm install mkdirp

to get the library locally, or

npm install -g mkdirp

to get the command everywhere, or

npx mkdirp ...

to run the command without installing it globally.

# platform support

This module works on node v8, but only v10 and above are officially supported, as Node v8 reached its LTS end of life 2020-01-01, which is in the past, as of this writing.

# license

MIT