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First draft of 9.5 release notes

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<!-- doc/src/sgml/release-9.5.sgml -->
<!-- See header comment in release.sgml about typical markup -->
<sect1 id="release-9-5">
<title>Release 9.5</title>
<note>
<title>Release Date</title>
<para>AS OF 2015-06-01</para>
<simpara>2015-XX-XX</simpara>
</note>
<sect2>
<title>Overview</title>
<para>
Major enhancements in <productname>PostgreSQL</> 9.5 include:
</para>
<!-- This list duplicates items below, but without authors or details-->
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<para>
The above items are explained in more detail in the sections below.
</para>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Migration to Version 9.5</title>
<para>
A dump/restore using <xref linkend="app-pg-dumpall">, or use
of <xref linkend="pgupgrade">, is required for those wishing to migrate
data from any previous release.
</para>
<para>
Version 9.5 contains a number of changes that may affect compatibility
with previous releases. Observe the following incompatibilities:
</para>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Adjust operator precedence to match the <acronym>SQL</> standard
(Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
"&lt;" and "&gt;" now have the same precedence as "&lt;="
"&gt;=" and "&lt;&gt;", and <literal>IS</> now has lower
precedence. <literal>NOT</> now also has symmetric precedence.
The <acronym>GUC</> <varname>operator_precedence_warning</> can be
enabled to warn about queries where the precedence has changed.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Use cast conversions for <application>PL/pgSQL</> type conversions,
rather than converting to and from text (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This causes conversions of booleans to strings to
return <literal>true</> or <literal>false</>, not
<literal>t</>/<literal>f</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow special characters in server startup option values to be
escaped with a backslash (Andres Freund)
</para>
<para>
This allows characters like spaces to be passed inside option values.
Passing a backslash now requires supplying a double-backslash.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Set the default value of <varname>include_realm</> to not remove
the <acronym>GSS</> and <acronym>SSPI</> realm from the principal
(Stephen Frost)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <command>REASSIGN</> and <command>ALTER OWNER TO</> to properly
reassign ownership of types, foreign data wrappers, and foreign
servers (Bruce Momjian)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Remove server-side <acronym>GUC</> <varname>autocommit</>, which
was already deprecated and non-operational (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Remove <structname>pg_authid</>.<structname>rolcatupdate</>, as it
had no purpose (Adam Brightwell)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect2>
<sect2>
<title>Changes</title>
<para>
Below you will find a detailed account of the changes between
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> 9.5 and the previous major
release.
</para>
<sect3>
<title>Server</title>
<sect4>
<title>Indexes</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add Block Range Indexes (<acronym>BRIN</>) (&Aacute;lvaro Herrera,
Heikki Linnakangas, Emre Hasegeli)
</para>
<para>
<acronym>BRIN</> indexes are very compact and store the min/max
values for a range of heap blocks.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow queries to perform accurate distance filtering of
bounding-box-indexed objects (polygons, circles) using GiST indexes
(Alexander Korotkov, Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
<para>
Previously, a common table expression was required to return a
large number of rows ordered by bounding-box distance, and then
filtered further with a more accurate non-bounding-box distance
calculation.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow GiST indexes to perform index-only scans (Anastasia
Lubennikova, Heikki Linnakangas, Andreas Karlsson)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <acronym>GUC</> <varname>gin_pending_list_limit</> to control
the size of <acronym>GIN</> pending lists (Fujii Masao)
</para>
<para>
Previously this was controlled by <varname>work_mem</>. This can
also be set as an index storage parameter.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Issue a warning during the creation of hash indexes because they
are not crash-safe (Bruce Momjian)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
<sect4>
<title>General Performance</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve the speed of sorting character and numeric fields (Robert
Haas, Peter Geoghegan, Andrew Gierth)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve hash creation performance (Tomas Vondra, Teodor Sigaev,
Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve concurrency of shared buffer replacement (Robert Haas,
Amit Kapila)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve concurrent locking and buffer scan performance (Andres
Freund, Kevin Grittner)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Speed up <acronym>CRC</> (cyclic redundancy check) computations
(Abhijit Menon-Sen, Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
<para>
Also use <acronym>CPU</> instructions for <acronym>CRC</>
calculations, if supported
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
<sect4>
<title>Monitoring</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add per-table autovacuum logging control via
<varname>log_min_autovacuum_duration</> (Michael Paquier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <acronym>GUC</> variable <varname>cluster_name</> (Thomas
Munro)
</para>
<para>
This string, set in <filename>postgresql.conf</>, allows clients
to query the cluster name. This name also appears in the process
title, allowing for easier grouping of processes belonging to
the same cluster.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Prevent non-superusers from changing <varname>log_disconnections</>
on connection startup (Fujii Masao)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
<sect4>
<title><acronym>SSL</></title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Check <quote>Subject Alternative Names</> in <acronym>SSL</>
server certificates, if present (Alexey Klyukin)
</para>
<para>
Their presence replaces checks against the certificate's
<quote>Common Name</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add system view <structname>pg_stat_ssl</> to report
<acronym>SSL</> connection information (Magnus Hagander)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <application>libpq</> function <function>PQsslAttribute()</>
that returns <acronym>SSL</> information (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
<para>
While <function>PQgetssl()</> can still be used
to then call <productname>OpenSSL</> functions,
<function>PQsslAttribute()</> returns <acronym>SSL</>
information in an <acronym>SSL</>-implementation-independent way.
(Future versions of libpq might support other <acronym>SSL</>
implementations.)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Have <application>libpq</> honor any <productname>OpenSSL</>
thread callbacks (Jan Urbanski)
</para>
<para>
Previously they were overwritten.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
<sect4>
<title>Server Settings</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Replace <varname>checkpoint_segments</> with
<varname>min_wal_size</> and <varname>max_wal_size</> (Heikki
Linnakangas)
</para>
<para>
This allows the allocation of a large number of <acronym>WAL</>
files without keeping them if they are not needed.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <acronym>GUC</> <varname>wal_compression</> to enable
compression of full page images stored in <acronym>WAL</>
(Rahila Syed, Michael Paquier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow the recording of transaction commit timestamps when
<acronym>GUC</> <varname>track_commit_timestamp</> is enabled
(&Aacute;lvaro Herrera, Petr Jelinek)
</para>
<para>
Timestamp information can be accessed using
functions <function>pg_xact_commit_timestamp()</> and
<function>pg_last_committed_xact()</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <varname>local_preload_libraries</> to be set by
<command>ALTER ROLE SET</> (Peter Eisentraut, Kyotaro Horiguchi)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow running autovacuum workers to respond to configuration
parameter changes (Michael Paquier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Make <acronym>GUC</> <varname>debug_assertions</> read-only
(Andres Freund)
</para>
<para>
This means that assertions can no longer be turned off once enabled
at compile-time, allowing for more efficient code optimization.
This also removed the postgres <option>-A</> option.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow setting <varname>effective_io_concurrency</> on systems
where it has no effect (Peter Eisentraut)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add environment variables <envar>PG_OOM_ADJUST_FILE</> and
<envar>PG_OOM_ADJUST_VALUE</> to control Linux <acronym>OOM</>
killer (Gurjeet Singh)
</para>
<para>
The previous <acronym>OOM</> control involved a compile-time
option.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add function and view <function>pg_file_settings</> to show
the source of <acronym>GUC</> values set in configuration files
(Sawada Masahiko)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <structname>pending_restart</> to the system view
<structname>pg_settings</> to indicate a change is pending a
restart (Peter Eisentraut)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <command>ALTER SYSTEM</> values to be reset with
<command>ALTER SYSTEM RESET</> (Vik Fearing)
</para>
<para>
This removes the setting from <filename>postgresql.auto.conf</>.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Replication and Recovery</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <filename>recovery.conf</> parameter
<varname>recovery_target_action</> to control post-recovery
activity (Petr Jelinek)
</para>
<para>
<acronym>GUC</> <varname>pause_at_recovery_target</> was also
removed.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <varname>archive_mode</> <literal>always</> to allow standbys
to always archive received <acronym>WAL</> files (Fujii Masao)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <acronym>GUC</> <varname>wal_retrieve_retry_interval</> to
control <acronym>WAL</> read retry after failure (Alexey Vasiliev,
Michael Paquier)
</para>
<para>
This is particularly helpful for warm standbys.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Archive <acronym>WAL</> files with suffix <literal>.partial</>
during standby promotion (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <acronym>GUC</> <varname>log_replication_commands</> to log
replication commands (Fujii Masao)
</para>
<para>
By default, replication commands,
e.g. <literal>IDENTIFY_COMMAND</>, are not logged, even when
<varname>log_statements</> is set to <literal>all</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow the labeling of the origin of logical replication changes
(Andres Freund)
</para>
<para>
This helps with change tracking.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Report the backends holding replication slots in
<structname>pg_replication_slots</> (Craig Ringer)
</para>
<para>
The new output column is <structname>active_pid</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <filename>recovery.conf</>'s <varname>primary_conninfo</>
to use connection <acronym>URI</>s, e.g. <literal>postgres://</>
(Alex Shulgin)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Queries</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <command>INSERTS</> that would generate constraint conflicts
to be turned into <command>UPDATE</>s or ignored (Peter Geoghegan,
Heikki Linnakangas, Andres Freund)
</para>
<para>
The syntax is <command>INSERT ... ON CONFLICT DO NOTHING/UPDATE</>.
This is the Postgres implementation of the popular
<command>UPSERT</> command.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <literal>GROUP BY</> analysis functions <literal>GROUPING
SETS</>, <literal>CUBE</> and <literal>ROLLUP</> (Andrew Gierth,
Atri Sharma)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow multi-column <command>UPDATE</>s with a single subselect
(Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This is accomplished using the syntax <command>UPDATE tab SET
(col1, col2, ...) = (SELECT ...)</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add new <command>SELECT</> option <literal>SKIP LOCKED</> to skip
locked rows (Thomas Munro)
</para>
<para>
This does not throw an error for locked rows like
<literal>NOWAIT</> does.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <command>SELECT</> option <literal>TABLESAMPLE</> to return
a subset of a table (Petr Jelinek)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Suggest possible matches for mistyped column names (Peter
Geoghegan, Robert Haas)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Utility Commands</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add more details about sort ordering in <command>EXPLAIN</> output
(Marius Timmer, Lukas Kreft, Arne Scheffer)
</para>
<para>
Details include <literal>COLLATE</>, <literal>DESC</>,
<literal>USING</>, and <literal>NULLS FIRST</><literal>/LAST</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Have <command>VACUUM</> log the number of pages skipped due to pins
(Jim Nasby)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Have <command>TRUNCATE</> properly update the <literal>pg_stat</>*
tuple counters (Alexander Shulgin)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect4>
<title><xref linkend="SQL-REINDEX"></title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <command>REINDEX</> to reindex an entire schema using the
<literal>SCHEMA</> option (Sawada Masahiko)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <literal>VERBOSE</> option to <command>REINDEX</> (Fujii Masao)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Prevent <command>REINDEX DATABASE</> and <command>SCHEMA</>
from outputting object names, unless <literal>VERBOSE</> is used
(Simon Riggs)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Remove obsolete <literal>FORCE</> option from <command>REINDEX</>
(Fujii Masao)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Object Manipulation</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add row-level security control (Craig Ringer, KaiGai Kohei,
Adam Brightwell, Dean Rasheed, Stephen Frost)
</para>
<para>
This controls viewing and adding/modifying rows via new commands
<command>CREATE</>/<command>ALTER</>/<command>DROP POLICY</>
and <command>ALTER TABLE ... ENABLE/DISABLE ROW SECURITY</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow control of table <acronym>WAL</> logging after table
creation with <command>ALTER TABLE .. SET LOGGED / UNLOGGED</>
(Fabr&iacute;zio de Royes Mello)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <literal>IF NOT EXISTS</> clause to <command>CREATE TABLE
AS</>, <command>CREATE INDEX</>, <command>CREATE SEQUENCE</>,
and <command>CREATE MATERIALIZED VIEW</> (Fabr&iacute;zio de
Royes Mello)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add support for <literal>IF EXISTS</> to <command>ALTER TABLE
... RENAME CONSTRAINT</> (Bruce Momjian)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <literal>CURRENT</><literal>/SESSION_USER</> to specify the
current user in certain (Kyotaro Horiguchi, &Aacute;lvaro Herrera)
</para>
<para>
Commands include <command>ALTER USER</>, <command>ALTER
GROUP</>, <command>ALTER ROLE</>, <command>GRANT</>, and various
<command>ALTER OBJECT / OWNER TO</> commands.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow comments on domain constraints (&Aacute;lvaro Herrera)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Reduce lock levels of some create and alter trigger and foreign
key commands (Simon Riggs, Andreas Karlsson)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <command>LOCK TABLE .. ROW EXCLUSIVE MODE</> for those with
<command>INSERT</> privileges (Stephen Frost)
</para>
<para>
Previously only <command>UPDATE</>, <command>DELETE</>, and
<command>TRUNCATE</> privileges allowed this.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Apply table and domain <literal>CHECK</> constraints in name order
(Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
The previous order was indeterminate.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <command>CREATE</>/<command>ALTER DATABASE</> to manipulate
<structname>datistemplate</> and <structname>datallowconn</>
(Vik Fearing)
</para>
<para>
This allows these database settings to be changed more easily
than modifying the <structname>pg_database</> system table.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Have <command>CREATE TABLE AS</> and <command>REFRESH</> return
an <type>OID</> (&Aacute;lvaro Herrera)
</para>
<para>
RETURN WHERE
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect4>
<title><xref linkend="SQL-CREATEFOREIGNDATAWRAPPER"></title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add support for <command>IMPORT FOREIGN SCHEMA</> (Ronan Dunklau,
Michael Paquier, Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This allows the creation of local foreign tables definitions
that match the remote table structure. Currently, only the
<application>postgres_fdw</> foreign data wrapper supports this
feature.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow foreign tables to participate in inheritance (Shigeru Hanada,
Etsuro Fujita)
</para>
<para>
This also allows foreign tables to mark check constraints as not
valid, and to set storage and <type>OID</> characteristics.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <literal>CHECK</> constraints to be placed on foreign tables
(Shigeru Hanada, Etsuro Fujita)
</para>
<para>
These checks are assumed to be enforced on the remote server,
and are not checked locally. However, they are considered for
optimization and constraint-exclusion checking.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow foreign data wrappers and custom scans to implement join
pushdown (KaiGai Kohei)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
<sect4>
<title><xref linkend="SQL-CREATEEVENTTRIGGER"></title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <function>pg_event_trigger_ddl_commands</> set-returning
function, which returns <acronym>DDL</> activity associated with
event triggers (&Aacute;lvaro Herrera)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow event triggers on table rewrites caused by <command>ALTER
TABLE</> (Dimitri Fontaine)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add event trigger support for database-level
<command>COMMENT</>, <command>SECURITY LABEL</>, and
<command>GRANT</>/<command>REVOKE</> (&Aacute;lvaro Herrera)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add columns to the output of
<function>pg_event_trigger_dropped_objects</> (&Aacute;lvaro
Herrera)
</para>
<para>
This allows simpler processing of delete operations.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Data Types</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow the <type>XML</> data type to accept empty or all-whitespace
values (Peter Eisentraut)
</para>
<para>
This is required by the <acronym>SQL</>/<acronym>XML</>
specification.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Fix <type>XML</> xpath handling to return namespace declarations
even if the namespace is in a parent element (Ali Akbar)
</para>
<para>
Previously the namespace was not returned, leading to invalid
<type>XML</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <type>macaddr</> input using the format
<literal>xxxx-xxxx-xxxx</> (Herwin Weststrate)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Tighten specification of <type>INTERVAL</> precision specifications
(Bruce Momjian)
</para>
<para>
Only allow interval precision to be specified after the
<literal>INTERVAL</> keyword if no units are specified.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add selectivity estimators for <type>INET</>/<type>CIDR</> operators
and improve estimators for text search functions (Emre Hasegeli,
Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect4>
<title><link linkend="datatype-json"><acronym>JSON</></link></title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <type>JSONB</> functions <function>jsonb_set()</> and
<function>jsonb_pretty</> (Dmitry Dolgov, Andrew Dunstan)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add several generator functions for <type>JSONB</> that exist
for <type>JSON</> (Andrew Dunstan)
</para>
<para>
The functions are <function>to_jsonb()</>,
<function>jsonb_object()</>, <function>jsonb_build_object()</>,
<function>jsonb_build_array()</>, <function>jsonb_agg()</>,
and <function>jsonb_object_agg()</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Reduce casting requirements to/from <type>JSON</> and
<type>JSONB</> (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <type>TEXT</>, <type>TEXT</> array, and <type>INTEGER</>
values to be subtracted from <type>JSONB</> documents (Dmitry
Dolgov, Andrew Dunstan)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <type>JSONB</> operator || (Dmitry Dolgov, Andrew Dunstan)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <function>json_strip_nulls()</> and
<function>jsonb_strip_nulls()</> functions to remove <type>JSON</>
null values from documents (Andrew Dunstan)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Functions</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <function>generate_series()</> for <type>NUMERIC</> values
(Plato Malugin)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <function>array_agg()</> and <function>ARRAY()</> to take
arrays as inputs (Ali Akbar, Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add functions <function>array_position()</> and
<function>array_positions()</> to return subscripts of array values
(Pavel Stehule)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <type>point</>-to-<type>polygon</> distance operator
(&lt;-&gt;) (Alexander Korotkov)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow multi-byte characters as escape in <literal>SIMILAR TO</>
and <literal>SUBSTRING</> (Jeff Davis)
</para>
<para>
Previously, only a single-byte character was allowed as an escape.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <function>width_bucket()</> which supports any sortable data
type and non-uniform bucket widths (Petr Jelinek)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow =&gt; to specify named parameters in function calls
(Pavel Stehule)
</para>
<para>
User-defined =&gt; operators have been issuing warnings since
Postgres 9.0, and were removed in hstore in 9.2. Previously only
<literal>:=</> could be used.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <acronym>POSIX</>-compliant rounding for platforms that use
Postgres-supplied rounding functions (Pedro Gimeno Fortea)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect4>
<title>System Information Functions and Views</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add function <function>pg_get_object_address()</> to return
<type>OID</>s that uniquely identify an object (&Aacute;lvaro
Herrera)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add function <function>pg_identify_object_as_address()</> to return
object information based on <type>OID</>s (&Aacute;lvaro Herrera)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Loosen security checks for viewing <structname>pg_stat_activity</>,
<function>pg_cancel_backend()</>, and
<function>pg_terminate_backend</> (Stephen Frost)
</para>
<para>
Now, role membership is sufficient; previously only the same
role could perform such operations.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <function>pg_stat_get_snapshot_timestamp()</> to output the
timestamp of the statistics snapshot (Matt Kelly)
</para>
<para>
WHAT IS A STATISTICS SNAPSHOT?
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <function>mxid_age()</> to compute multi-xid age (Bruce
Momjian)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add data type <type>regrole</> that returns the <type>OID</>
of a role (Kyotaro Horiguchi)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add data type <type>regnamespace</> that returns the <type>OID</>
of a schema (Kyotaro Horiguchi)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
<sect4>
<title>Aggregates</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <function>MIN()</>/<function>MAX()</> aggregates for
<type>INET</>/<type>CIDR</> data types (Haribabu Kommi)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Use 128-bit integers, where supported, as aggregate accumulators
(Andreas Karlsson)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Server-Side Languages</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve support for composite types in <application>PL/Python</>
(Ed Behn, Ronan Dunklau)
</para>
<para>
This allows <application>PL/Python</> functions to return arrays
of composite types.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Reduce lossiness of <application>PL/Python</> floating value
conversions (Marko Kreen)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add specification of conversion routines to/from <acronym>SQL</>
data types to procedural languages data types (Peter Eisentraut)
</para>
<para>
This adds new commands <command>CREATE</>/<command>DROP
TRANSFORM</>. This also adds transformations between
<application>hstore</> and <application>ltree</> to/from
<application>PL/Perl</> and <application>PL/Python</>.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect4>
<title><link linkend="plpgsql">PL/pgSQL</link> Server-Side Language</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve <application>PL/pgSQL</> array performance (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <command>ASSERT</> statement in <application>PL/pgSQL</>
(Pavel Stehule)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow more <application>PL/pgSQL</> keywords to be used as
identifiers (Tom Lane)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Client Applications</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Move <application>pg_archivecleanup</>,
<application>pg_test_fsync</>, <application>pg_test_timing</>,
and <application>pg_xlogdump</> from <filename>contrib</> to
<filename>src/bin</> (Peter Eisentraut)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <application>pg_receivexlog</> to manage physical replication
slots (Michael Paquier)
</para>
<para>
This is controlled via new <option>--create-slot</> and
<option>--drop-slot</> options.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow the <application>pg_receivexlog</> to synchronously flush
<acronym>WAL</> to storage using <option>--synchronous</> (Furuya
Osamu, Fujii Masao)
</para>
<para>
Without this, <acronym>WAL</> files are fsynced only on close.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <command>vacuumdb</> to vacuum in parallel using
<option>--jobs</> (Dilip Kumar)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <option>--verbose</> option to <application>reindexdb</>
(Sawada Masahiko)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Have <application>pg_basebackup</> use a tablespace mapping file,
to allow for file paths of 100+ characters in length (Amit Kapila)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect4>
<title><xref linkend="APP-PSQL"></title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <application>psql</> to produce AsciiDoc output (Szymon Guz)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <literal>errors</> mode to <application>psql</>'s
<varname>ECHO</> variable to display only failed commands
(Pavel Stehule)
</para>
<para>
This can also be enabled with the <application>psql</>
<option>-b</> option.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow column, header, and border control to <application>psql</>'s
Unicode style (Pavel Stehule)
</para>
<para>
Single or double output is supported; the default is
<literal>single</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <application>psql</> <envar>PROMPT</> variable option
(<literal>%l</>) to display the multi-line statement line number
(Sawada Masahiko)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <application>psql</> setting <varname>pager_min_lines</>
setting to control pager invocation (Andrew Dunstan)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve <application>psql</> line counting used when deciding
to invoke the pager (Andrew Dunstan)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <application>psql</> tab completion when setting the
<varname>search_path</> variable (Jeff Janes)
</para>
<para>
Currently only the first schema can be tab-completed.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve <application>psql</> tab-completion for triggers and rules
(Andreas Karlsson)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect5>
<title><link linkend="APP-PSQL-meta-commands">Backslash Commands</link></title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <application>psql</> <command>\?</> help sections
<literal>variables</> and <literal>options</> (Pavel Stehule)
</para>
<para>
<literal>variables</> outputs <application>psql</> variables
and <literal>options</> shows command-line options.
<command>\? commands</> is the default output. This help
information can also be output via <literal>--help=section</>.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Show tablespace size in <application>psql</>'s <literal>\db+</>
(Fabr&iacute;zio de Royes Mello)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Show data type owners in <application>psql</>'s <literal>\dT+</>
(Magnus Hagander)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <application>psql</> <command>\watch</> to output
<command>\timing</> information (Fujii Masao)
</para>
<para>
Also prevent <option>--echo-hidden</> from echoing
<command>\watch</> queries.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <application>psql</>'s <literal>\sf</> and <literal>\ef</>
to honor <envar>ECHO_HIDDEN</> (Andrew Dunstan)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve <application>psql</> tab completion for <command>\set</>,
<command>\unset</>, and <literal>:variable</> names (Pavel
Stehule)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow tab completion of <application>psql</> <literal>\c</>
role names (Ian Barwick)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect5>
</sect4>
<sect4>
<title><xref linkend="APP-PGDUMP"></title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <application>pg_dump</> to share a snapshot taken by another
session using <option>--snapshot</> (Simon Riggs, Michael Paquier)
</para>
<para>
The remote snapshot must have been exported by
<function>pg_export_snapshot()</> or been defined as a
logical replication slot. This can be used by parallel
<application>pg_dump</> to use a consistent snapshot across
<application>pg_dump</> processes.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Always have <application>pg_dump</> print server and
<application>pg_dump</> versions (Jing Wang)
</para>
<para>
Previously, version information was only printed in
<option>--verbose</> mode.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
<sect4>
<title><xref linkend="app-pg-ctl"></title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Change <application>pg_ctl</> default shutdown mode from
<literal>smart</> to <literal>fast</> (Bruce Momjian)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow multiple <application>pg_ctl</> <option>-o</> options to
be appended (Bruce Momjian)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow control of <application>pg_ctl</>'s event source logging
on <systemitem class="osname">MS Windows</> (MauMau)
</para>
<para>
This only controls <application>pg_ctl</>, not the server, which
has separate settings in <filename>postgresql.conf</>.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
<sect4>
<title><xref linkend="pgupgrade"></title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Move <application>pg_upgrade</> from <filename>contrib</> to
<filename>src/bin</> (Peter Eisentraut)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow multiple <application>pg_upgrade</>
<option>-o</>/<option>-O</> options to be appended (Bruce Momjian)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve database collation comparisons in
<application>pg_upgrade</> (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Document the use of <application>rsync</> for standby server
upgrades using <application>pg_upgrade</> (Stephen Frost,
Bruce Momjian)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Remove <application>pg_upgrade</> support for 8.3 old clusters
(Bruce Momjian)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Source Code</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Simplify <acronym>WAL</> record format (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
<para>
This allows external tools to more easily process <acronym>WAL</>
files.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add basic atomics <acronym>API</> support (Andres Freund, Oskari
Saarenmaa)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add native compiler and memory barriers for <productname>Solaris
Studio</> (Oskari Saarenmaa)
</para>
<para>
IS THIS PART OF ATOMICS?
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow custom path and scan methods (KaiGai Kohei, Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This allows extensions greater control over the optimizer and
executor.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow foreign data wrappers to do post-filter locking (Etsuro
Fujita)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Improve parallel execution infrastructure (Robert Haas, Amit
Kapila, Noah Misch, Rushabh Lathia, Jeevan Chalke)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Remove <productname>Alpha</> (<acronym>CPU</>) and <systemitem
class="osname">Tru64</> (OS) ports (Andres Freund)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Remove swap-byte-based spinlock implementation for
<acronym>ARM</>v5 and earlier <acronym>CPU</>s (Robert Haas)
</para>
<para>
<acronym>ARM</>v5's weak memory ordering made this locking
implementation unsafe. Spinlock support is still possible on
newer gcc implementations with atomics support.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Generate an error when excessively long (100+ character) file
paths are written to tar files (Peter Eisentraut)
</para>
<para>
Tar does not support such overly-long paths.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Change columns <structname>pg_seclabel</>.<structname>provider</>
and <structname>pg_shseclabel</>.<structname>provider</> to
<type>TEXT</> (Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This allows these columns to store 64+ characters.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect4>
<title>MS Windows</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow higher-precision timestamp resolution on <systemitem
class="osname">Windows 8</> or <systemitem class="osname">Windows
Server 2012</> and later Windows systems (Craig Ringer)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Install shared libraries to <filename>bin</> in <systemitem
class="osname">MS Windows</> (Peter Eisentraut, Michael Paquier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Install <filename>src/test/modules</> together with
<filename>contrib</> on <productname>MSVC</> builds (Michael
Paquier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow configure's <option>--with-extra-version</> to be honored
by the <productname>MSVC</> build (Michael Paquier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Pass <envar>PGFILEDESC</> into <productname>MSVC</> contrib builds
(Michael Paquier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add icons to all <productname>MSVC</>-built binaries (Noah Misch)
</para>
<para>
MinGW already had such icons.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add optional-argument support to the internal
<function>getopt_long()</> implementation (Michael Paquier,
Andres Freund)
</para>
<para>
This is used by the <productname>MSVC</> build.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
<sect3>
<title>Additional Modules</title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <application>pg_rewind</>, which allows re-synchronizing a
master server after failback (Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add statistics for minimum, maximum, mean, and standard deviation
times to <application>pg_stat_statements</> (Mitsumasa Kondo,
Andrew Dunstan)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <application>pgcrypto</> function
<function>pgp_armor_headers()</> to extract <productname>PGP</>
armor headers (Marko Tiikkaja, Heikki Linnakangas)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow empty replacement strings in <application>unaccent</>
(Mohammad Alhashash)
</para>
<para>
This is useful in languages where diacritic signs are represented
as separate characters.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow multi-character source strings in <application>unaccent</>
(Tom Lane)
</para>
<para>
This could be useful in languages where diacritic signs are
represented as separate characters. It also allows more complex
unaccent dictionaries.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <filename>contrib</> modules <application>tsm_system_rows</>
and <application>tsm_system_time</> to allow additional table
sampling methods (Petr Jelinek)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add <application>pg_xlogdump</> option <option>--stats</> to
display summary statistics (Abhijit Menon-Sen)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <acronym>GIN</> index inspection functions to
<application>pageinspect</> (Heikki Linnakangas, Peter Geoghegan,
Michael Paquier)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <application>pgstattuple</> to report approximate answers
with less overhead using <function>pgstattuple_approx()</>
(Abhijit Menon-Sen)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Move <application>pg_upgrade_support</> code into backend and
remove the module (Peter Eisentraut)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Move <application>dummy_seclabel</>, <application>test_shm_mq</>,
<application>test_parser</>, and <application>worker_spi</>
from <filename>contrib</> to <filename>src/test/modules</>
(&Aacute;lvaro Herrera)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
<sect4>
<title><xref linkend="pgbench"></title>
<itemizedlist>
<listitem>
<para>
Move pgbench from <filename>contrib</> to <filename>src/bin</>
(Peter Eisentraut)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow counting of pgbench transactions that take over a specified
amount of time (Fabien Coelho)
</para>
<para>
This is controlled by new <option>--latency-limit</> option.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow pgbench to generate Gaussian/exponential distributions
using <command>\setrandom</> (Kondo Mitsumasa, Fabien Coelho)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Add information about buffer pins to <application>pg_buffercache</>
display (Andres Freund)
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
Allow <application>pgbench</>'s <command>\set</> command to handle
multi-operator expressions (Robert Haas, Fabien Coelho)
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</sect4>
</sect3>
</sect2>
</sect1>
doc/src/sgml/release.sgml
View file @ aacb8b92
...@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ For new features, add links to the documentation sections. ...@@ -73,6 +73,7 @@ For new features, add links to the documentation sections.
The reason for splitting the release notes this way is so that appropriate The reason for splitting the release notes this way is so that appropriate
subsets can easily be copied into back branches. subsets can easily be copied into back branches.
--> -->
&release-9.5;
&release-9.4; &release-9.4;
&release-9.3; &release-9.3;
&release-9.2; &release-9.2;
......
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