Fix realfailN lexer rules to not make assumptions about input format.

The realfail1 and realfail2 backup-prevention rules always returned
token type FCONST, ignoring the possibility that what we've scanned
is more appropriately described as ICONST.  I think that at the
time that code was added, it might actually have been safe to not
distinguish; but since we started allowing AS-less aliases in SELECT
target lists, it's definitely legal to have a number immediately
followed by an identifier.

In the SELECT case, it seems there's no visible consequence because
make_const() will change the type back to integer anyway.  But I'm
worried that there are other contexts, or will be in future, where
it's more important to get the constant's type right.

Hence, use process_integer_literal to correctly determine which
token type to return.

Arguably this is a bug fix, but given the lack of evidence of
user-visible problems, I'll refrain from back-patching.

Discussion: https://postgr.es/m/21364.1542136808@sss.pgh.pa.us

src/backend/parser/scan.l

@@ -1005,22 +1005,18 @@ other			.
 				}
 {realfail1}		{
 					/*
-					 * throw back the [Ee], and treat as {decimal}.  Note
-					 * that it is possible the input is actually {integer},
-					 * but since this case will almost certainly lead to a
-					 * syntax error anyway, we don't bother to distinguish.
+					 * throw back the [Ee], and figure out whether what
+					 * remains is an {integer} or {decimal}.
 					 */
 					yyless(yyleng - 1);
 					SET_YYLLOC();
-					yylval->str = pstrdup(yytext);
-					return FCONST;
+					return process_integer_literal(yytext, yylval);
 				}
 {realfail2}		{
 					/* throw back the [Ee][+-], and proceed as above */
 					yyless(yyleng - 2);
 					SET_YYLLOC();
-					yylval->str = pstrdup(yytext);
-					return FCONST;
+					return process_integer_literal(yytext, yylval);
 				}
 
 
@@ -1255,6 +1251,10 @@ litbufdup(core_yyscan_t yyscanner)
 	return new;
 }
 
+/*
+ * Process {integer}.  Note this will also do the right thing with {decimal},
+ * ie digits and a decimal point.
+ */
 static int
 process_integer_literal(const char *token, YYSTYPE *lval)
 {
@@ -1265,7 +1265,7 @@ process_integer_literal(const char *token, YYSTYPE *lval)
 	val = strtoint(token, &endptr, 10);
 	if (*endptr != '\0' || errno == ERANGE)
 	{
-		/* integer too large, treat it as a float */
+		/* integer too large (or contains decimal pt), treat it as a float */
 		lval->str = pstrdup(token);
 		return FCONST;
 	}

src/fe_utils/psqlscan.l

@@ -887,10 +887,9 @@ other			.
 				}
 {realfail1}		{
 					/*
-					 * throw back the [Ee], and treat as {decimal}.  Note
-					 * that it is possible the input is actually {integer},
-					 * but since this case will almost certainly lead to a
-					 * syntax error anyway, we don't bother to distinguish.
+					 * throw back the [Ee], and figure out whether what
+					 * remains is an {integer} or {decimal}.
+					 * (in psql, we don't actually care...)
 					 */
 					yyless(yyleng - 1);
 					ECHO;

src/interfaces/ecpg/preproc/pgc.l

@@ -900,20 +900,16 @@ cppline			{space}*#([^i][A-Za-z]*|{if}|{ifdef}|{ifndef}|{import})((\/\*[^*/]*\*+
 				}
 {realfail1}		{
 					/*
-					 * throw back the [Ee], and treat as {decimal}.  Note
-					 * that it is possible the input is actually {integer},
-					 * but since this case will almost certainly lead to a
-					 * syntax error anyway, we don't bother to distinguish.
+					 * throw back the [Ee], and figure out whether what
+					 * remains is an {integer} or {decimal}.
 					 */
 					yyless(yyleng - 1);
-					base_yylval.str = mm_strdup(yytext);
-					return FCONST;
+					return process_integer_literal(yytext, &base_yylval);
 				}
 {realfail2}		{
 					/* throw back the [Ee][+-], and proceed as above */
 					yyless(yyleng - 2);
-					base_yylval.str = mm_strdup(yytext);
-					return FCONST;
+					return process_integer_literal(yytext, &base_yylval);
 				}
 } /* <C,SQL> */
 
@@ -1473,6 +1469,10 @@ addlitchar(unsigned char ychar)
 	literalbuf[literallen] = '\0';
 }
 
+/*
+ * Process {integer}.  Note this will also do the right thing with {decimal},
+ * ie digits and a decimal point.
+ */
 static int
 process_integer_literal(const char *token, YYSTYPE *lval)
 {
@@ -1483,7 +1483,7 @@ process_integer_literal(const char *token, YYSTYPE *lval)
 	val = strtoint(token, &endptr, 10);
 	if (*endptr != '\0' || errno == ERANGE)
 	{
-		/* integer too large, treat it as a float */
+		/* integer too large (or contains decimal pt), treat it as a float */
 		lval->str = mm_strdup(token);
 		return FCONST;
 	}