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Postgres FD Implementation
Commit 8dec0c1b authored by Bruce Momjian's avatar Bruce Momjian
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lease find enclosed a patch that matches the PL/Perl documentation 

(fairly closely, I hope) to the current PL/Perl implementation.

David Fetter
parent 83997560
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doc/src/sgml/plperl.sgml
View file @ 8dec0c1b
<!--
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/plperl.sgml,v 2.23 2004/05/16 23:22:06 neilc Exp $
$PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/plperl.sgml,v 2.24 2004/07/21 20:22:57 momjian Exp $
-->
<chapter id="plperl">
......@@ -34,9 +34,10 @@ $PostgreSQL: pgsql/doc/src/sgml/plperl.sgml,v 2.23 2004/05/16 23:22:06 neilc Exp
<note>
<para>
Users of source packages must specially enable the build of
PL/Perl during the installation process. (Refer to the installation
instructions for more information.) Users of binary packages
might find PL/Perl in a separate subpackage.
PL/Perl during the installation process. (Refer to <xref
linkend="install-short"> for more information.) Users of
binary packages might find PL/Perl in a separate subpackage.
</para>
</note>
......@@ -54,7 +55,7 @@ $$ LANGUAGE plperl;
The body of the function is ordinary Perl code. Since the body of
the function is treated as a string by
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname>, it can be specified using
dollar quoting (as shown above), or via the usual single quote
dollar quoting (as shown above), or via the legacy single quote
syntax (see <xref linkend="sql-syntax-strings"> for more
information).
</para>
......@@ -79,19 +80,22 @@ $$ LANGUAGE plperl;
</para>
<para>
If an SQL null value<indexterm><primary>null value</><secondary
sortas="PL/Perl">in PL/Perl</></indexterm> is passed to a function,
the argument value will appear as <quote>undefined</> in Perl. The
above function definition will not behave very nicely with null
inputs (in fact, it will act as though they are zeroes). We could
add <literal>STRICT</> to the function definition to make
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> do something more reasonable:
if a null value is passed, the function will not be called at all,
but will just return a null result automatically. Alternatively,
we could check for undefined inputs in the function body. For
example, suppose that we wanted <function>perl_max</function> with
one null and one non-null argument to return the non-null argument,
rather than a null value:
If an SQL <literal>NULL</literal> value<indexterm><primary>null
value</><secondary sortas="PL/Perl">in PL/Perl</></indexterm> is
passed to a function, the argument value will appear as
<quote>undefined</> in Perl. The above function definition will not
behave very nicely with <literal>NULL</literal> inputs (in fact, it
will act as though they are zeroes). We could add <literal>STRICT</>
to the function definition to make
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> do something more reasonable: if
a <literal>NULL</literal> value is passed, the function will not be
called at all, but will just return a <literal>NULL</literal> result
automatically. Alternatively, we could check for undefined inputs in
the function body. For example, suppose that we wanted
<function>perl_max</function> with one <literal>NULL</literal> and one
non-<literal>NULL</literal> argument to return the
non-<literal>NULL</literal> argument, rather than a
<literal>NULL</literal> value:
<programlisting>
CREATE FUNCTION perl_max (integer, integer) RETURNS integer AS $$
......@@ -108,9 +112,9 @@ $$ LANGUAGE plperl;
</para>
<para>
As shown above, to return an SQL null value from a PL/Perl
function, return an undefined value. This can be done whether the
function is strict or not.
As shown above, to return an SQL <literal>NULL</literal> value from
a PL/Perl function, return an undefined value. This can be done
whether the function is strict or not.
</para>
<para>
......@@ -127,7 +131,7 @@ CREATE TABLE employee (
CREATE FUNCTION empcomp(employee) RETURNS integer AS $$
my ($emp) = @_;
return $emp->{'basesalary'} + $emp->{'bonus'};
return $emp->{basesalary} + $emp->{bonus};
$$ LANGUAGE plperl;
SELECT name, empcomp(employee) FROM employee;
......@@ -135,35 +139,9 @@ SELECT name, empcomp(employee) FROM employee;
</para>
<para>
There is currently no support for returning a composite-type result
value.
There is now support for returning a composite-type result value.
</para>
<tip>
<para>
Because the function body is passed as an SQL string literal to
<command>CREATE FUNCTION</command>, you have to use dollar quoting
or escape single quotes and backslashes within your Perl source,
typically by doubling them. Another possible approach is to avoid
writing single quotes by using Perl's extended quoting operators
(<literal>q[]</literal>, <literal>qq[]</literal>,
<literal>qw[]</literal>).
</para>
</tip>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="plperl-data">
<title>Data Values in PL/Perl</title>
<para>
The argument values supplied to a PL/Perl function's code are
simply the input arguments converted to text form (just as if they
had been displayed by a <command>SELECT</command> statement).
Conversely, the <literal>return</> command will accept any string
that is acceptable input format for the function's declared return
type. So, the PL/Perl programmer can manipulate data values as if
they were just text.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="plperl-database">
......@@ -171,25 +149,77 @@ SELECT name, empcomp(employee) FROM employee;
<para>
Access to the database itself from your Perl function can be done via
an experimental module <ulink
spi_exec_query, or via an experimental module <ulink
url="http://www.cpan.org/modules/by-module/DBD/APILOS/"><literal>DBD::PgSPI</literal></ulink>
(also available at <ulink url="http://www.cpan.org/SITES.html"><acronym>CPAN</>
mirror sites</ulink>). This module makes available a
mirror sites</ulink>). This module makes available a
<acronym>DBI</>-compliant database-handle named
<varname>$pg_dbh</varname> that can be used to perform queries
with normal <acronym>DBI</> syntax.<indexterm><primary>DBI</></indexterm>
</para>
<para>
PL/Perl itself presently provides only one additional Perl command:
PL/Perl itself presently provides two additional Perl commands:
<variablelist>
<varlistentry>
<indexterm>
<primary>spi_exec_query</primary>
<secondary>in PL/Perl</secondary>
</indexterm>
<indexterm>
<primary>elog</primary>
<secondary>in PL/Perl</secondary>
</indexterm>
<term><function>spi_exec_query(</> [ <replaceable>SELECT query</replaceable> [, <replaceable>max_rows</replaceable>]] | [<replaceable>non-SELECT query</replaceable>] ) </term>
<listitem>
<para>
Here is an example of a SELECT query with the optional maximum
number of rows.
<programlisting>
$rv = spi_exec_query('SELECT * from my_table', 5);
</programlisting>
This returns up to 5 rows from my_table.
</para>
<para>
If my_table has a column my_column, it would be accessed as
<programlisting>
$foo = $rv->{rows}[$i]->{my_column};
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
The number of rows actually returned would be:
<programlisting>
$nrows = @{$rv->{rows}};
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
Here is an example using a non-SELECT statement.
<programlisting>
$query = "INSERT INTO my_table VALUES (1, 'test')";
$rv = spi_exec_query($query);
</programlisting>
You can then access status (SPI_OK_INSERT, e.g.) like this.
<programlisting>
$res = $rv->{status};
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
To get the rows affected, do:
<programlisting>
$nrows = $rv->{rows};
</programlisting>
</para>
</listitem>
</varlistentry>
<varlistentry>
<term><function>elog</> <replaceable>level</replaceable>, <replaceable>msg</replaceable></term>
<listitem>
<para>
......@@ -206,6 +236,111 @@ SELECT name, empcomp(employee) FROM employee;
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="plperl-data">
<title>Data Values in PL/Perl</title>
<para>
The argument values supplied to a PL/Perl function's code are
simply the input arguments converted to text form (just as if they
had been displayed by a <command>SELECT</command> statement).
Conversely, the <literal>return</> command will accept any string
that is acceptable input format for the function's declared return
type. So, the PL/Perl programmer can manipulate data values as if
they were just text.
</para>
<para>
PL/Perl can now return rowsets and composite types, and rowsets of
composite types.
</para>
<para>
Here is an example of a PL/Perl function returning a rowset of a row type:
<programlisting>
CREATE TABLE test (
i int,
v varchar
);
INSERT INTO test (i, v) VALUES (1,'first line');
INSERT INTO test (i, v) VALUES (2,'second line');
INSERT INTO test (i, v) VALUES (3,'third line');
INSERT INTO test (i, v) VALUES (4,'immortal');
create function test_munge() returns setof test language plperl as $$
my $res = [];
my $rv = spi_exec_query('select i,v from test;');
my $status = $rv->{status};
my $rows = @{$rv->{rows}};
my $processed = $rv->{processed};
foreach my $rn (0..$rows-1) {
my $row = $rv->{rows}[$rn];
$row->{i} += 200 if defined($row->{i});
$row->{v} =~ tr/A-Za-z/a-zA-Z/ if (defined($row->{v}));
push @$res,$row;
}
return $res;
$$;
select * from test_munge();
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
Here is an example of a PL/Perl function returning a composite type:
<programlisting>
CREATE TYPE testrowperl AS (f1 integer, f2 text, f3 text);
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION perl_row() RETURNS testrowperl AS $$
return {f2 => 'hello', f1 => 1, f3 => 'world'};
$$ LANGUAGE plperl;
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
Here is an example of a PL/Perl function returning a rowset of a composite type.
<programlisting>
CREATE TYPE testsetperl AS (f1 integer, f2 text, f3 text);
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION perl_set() RETURNS SETOF testsetperl AS $$
return[
{f1 => 1, f2 => 'hello', f3 => 'world'},
{f1 => 2, f2 => 'hello', f3 => 'postgres'},
{f1 => 3, f2 => 'hello', f3 => 'plperl'}
];
$$ LANGUAGE plperl;
</programlisting>
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="plperl-global">
<title>Global Values in PL/Perl</title>
<para>
You can use the %_SHARED to store data between function calls. WHY
IS THIS A HASH, AND NOT A HASH REF?
</para>
<para>
For example:
<programlisting>
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION set_var(TEXT) RETURNS TEXT AS $$
$_SHARED{first} = 'Hello, PL/Perl!';
return 'ok';
$$ LANGUAGE plperl;
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION get_var() RETURNS text AS $$
return $_SHARED{first};
$$ LANGUAGE plperl;
SELECT set_var('hello plperl');
SELECT get_var();
</programlisting>
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="plperl-trusted">
<title>Trusted and Untrusted PL/Perl</title>
......@@ -266,9 +401,69 @@ $$ LANGUAGE plperl;
<literal>plperlu</>, execution would succeed.
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="plperl-triggers">
<title>PL/Perl Triggers</title>
<para>
PL/Perl can now be used to write trigger functions using the
<varname>$_TD</varname> hash reference.
</para>
<para>
Some useful parts of the $_TD hash reference are:
<programlisting>
$_TD->{new}{foo} # NEW value of column foo
$_TD->{old}{bar} # OLD value of column bar
$_TD{name} # Name of the trigger being called
$_TD{event} # INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE or UNKNOWN
$_TD{when} # BEFORE, AFTER or UNKNOWN
$_TD{level} # ROW, STATEMENT or UNKNOWN
$_TD{relid} # Relation ID of the table on which the trigger occurred.
$_TD{relname} # Name of the table on which the trigger occurred.
@{$_TD{argv}} # Array of arguments to the trigger function. May be empty.
$_TD{argc} # Number of arguments to the trigger. Why is this here?
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
Triggers can return one of the following:
<programlisting>
return; -- Executes the statement
SKIP; -- Doesn't execute the statement
MODIFY; -- Says it modified a NEW row
</programlisting>
</para>
<para>
Here is an example of a trigger function, illustrating some of the
above.
<programlisting>
CREATE TABLE test (
i int,
v varchar
);
CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION valid_id() RETURNS trigger AS $$
if (($_TD->{new}{i}>=100) || ($_TD->{new}{i}<=0)) {
return "SKIP"; # Skip INSERT/UPDATE command
} elsif ($_TD->{new}{v} ne "immortal") {
$_TD->{new}{v} .= "(modified by trigger)";
return "MODIFY"; # Modify tuple and proceed INSERT/UPDATE command
} else {
return; # Proceed INSERT/UPDATE command
}
$$ LANGUAGE plperl;
CREATE TRIGGER "test_valid_id_trig" BEFORE INSERT OR UPDATE ON test
FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE "valid_id"();
</programlisting>
</para>
</sect1>
<sect1 id="plperl-missing">
<title>Missing Features</title>
<title>Limitations and Missing Features</title>
<para>
The following features are currently missing from PL/Perl, but they
......@@ -278,26 +473,25 @@ $$ LANGUAGE plperl;
<listitem>
<para>
PL/Perl functions cannot call each other directly (because they
are anonymous subroutines inside Perl). There's presently no
way for them to share global variables, either.
are anonymous subroutines inside Perl).
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
PL/Perl cannot be used to write trigger
functions.<indexterm><primary>trigger</><secondary>in
PL/Perl</></indexterm>
<application>Full SPI</application> is not yet implemented.
</para>
</listitem>
<listitem>
<para>
<application>DBD::PgSPI</applicatioN> or similar capability
should be integrated into the standard
<productname>PostgreSQL</productname> distribution.
</para>
<para>
In the current implementation, if you are fetching or
returning very large datasets, you should be aware that these
will all go into memory. Future features will help with this.
In the meantime, we suggest that you not use pl/perl if you
will fetch or return very large result sets.
</para>
</listitem>
</itemizedlist>
</para>
</sect1>
......
src/backend/Makefile
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
#
# Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
#
# $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/Makefile,v 1.101 2004/07/19 17:03:56 tgl Exp $
# $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/Makefile,v 1.102 2004/07/21 20:22:58 momjian Exp $
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
......@@ -29,13 +29,13 @@ endif
##########################################################################
all: submake-libpgport postgres $(POSTGRES_IMP)
all: submake-libpgport submake-libpq postgres $(POSTGRES_IMP)
ifneq ($(PORTNAME), cygwin)
ifneq ($(PORTNAME), win32)
postgres: $(OBJS)
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(export_dynamic) $^ $(LIBS) -o $@
$(CC) $(CFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) -I $(libpq_srcdir) $(export_dynamic) $^ $(LIBS) $(libpq) -o $@
endif
endif
......
src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@
* Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
*
* IDENTIFICATION
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c,v 1.187 2004/07/17 03:28:37 tgl Exp $
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/bootstrap/bootstrap.c,v 1.188 2004/07/21 20:22:58 momjian Exp $
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
......@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@
#include "libpq/pqsignal.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "postmaster/bgwriter.h"
#include "postmaster/pg_autovacuum.h"
#include "storage/freespace.h"
#include "storage/ipc.h"
#include "storage/pg_shmem.h"
......@@ -355,6 +356,9 @@ BootstrapMain(int argc, char *argv[])
case BS_XLOG_BGWRITER:
statmsg = "writer process";
break;
case BS_XLOG_AUTOVAC:
statmsg = "auto vacuum process";
break;
default:
statmsg = "??? process";
break;
......@@ -391,6 +395,9 @@ BootstrapMain(int argc, char *argv[])
case BS_XLOG_BGWRITER:
InitDummyProcess(DUMMY_PROC_BGWRITER);
break;
case BS_XLOG_AUTOVAC:
InitDummyProcess(DUMMY_PROC_AUTOVAC);
break;
default:
InitDummyProcess(DUMMY_PROC_DEFAULT);
......@@ -427,6 +434,12 @@ BootstrapMain(int argc, char *argv[])
BackgroundWriterMain();
proc_exit(1); /* should never return */
case BS_XLOG_AUTOVAC:
/* don't set signals, autovac has its own agenda */
InitXLOGAccess();
AutoVacMain();
proc_exit(1); /* should never return */
default:
elog(PANIC, "unrecognized XLOG op: %d", xlogop);
proc_exit(1);
......
src/backend/catalog/Makefile
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
#
# Makefile for backend/catalog
#
# $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/Makefile,v 1.51 2004/06/18 06:13:19 tgl Exp $
# $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/Makefile,v 1.52 2004/07/21 20:22:59 momjian Exp $
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
......@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ POSTGRES_BKI_SRCS := $(addprefix $(top_srcdir)/src/include/catalog/,\
pg_language.h pg_largeobject.h pg_aggregate.h pg_statistic.h \
pg_rewrite.h pg_trigger.h pg_listener.h pg_description.h pg_cast.h \
pg_namespace.h pg_conversion.h pg_database.h pg_shadow.h pg_group.h \
pg_tablespace.h pg_depend.h indexing.h \
pg_tablespace.h pg_depend.h pg_autovacuum.h indexing.h \
)
pg_includes := $(sort -I$(top_srcdir)/src/include -I$(top_builddir)/src/include)
......
src/backend/catalog/system_views.sql
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@
*
* Copyright 1996-2003, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
*
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/system_views.sql,v 1.6 2004/04/26 15:24:41 momjian Exp $
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/catalog/system_views.sql,v 1.7 2004/07/21 20:22:59 momjian Exp $
*/
CREATE VIEW pg_user AS
......@@ -41,22 +41,26 @@ CREATE VIEW pg_tables AS
SELECT
N.nspname AS schemaname,
C.relname AS tablename,
T.spcname AS tablespace,
pg_get_userbyid(C.relowner) AS tableowner,
C.relhasindex AS hasindexes,
C.relhasrules AS hasrules,
(C.reltriggers > 0) AS hastriggers
FROM pg_class C LEFT JOIN pg_namespace N ON (N.oid = C.relnamespace)
LEFT JOIN pg_tablespace T ON (T.oid = C.reltablespace)
WHERE C.relkind = 'r';
CREATE VIEW pg_indexes AS
SELECT
N.nspname AS schemaname,
C.relname AS tablename,
T.spcname AS tablespace,
I.relname AS indexname,
pg_get_indexdef(I.oid) AS indexdef
FROM pg_index X JOIN pg_class C ON (C.oid = X.indrelid)
JOIN pg_class I ON (I.oid = X.indexrelid)
LEFT JOIN pg_namespace N ON (N.oid = C.relnamespace)
LEFT JOIN pg_tablespace T ON (T.oid = C.reltablespace)
WHERE C.relkind = 'r' AND I.relkind = 'i';
CREATE VIEW pg_stats AS
......
src/backend/postmaster/Makefile
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
# Makefile for src/backend/postmaster
#
# IDENTIFICATION
# $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/postmaster/Makefile,v 1.16 2004/07/19 02:47:08 tgl Exp $
# $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/postmaster/Makefile,v 1.17 2004/07/21 20:22:59 momjian Exp $
#
#-------------------------------------------------------------------------
......@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ subdir = src/backend/postmaster
top_builddir = ../../..
include $(top_builddir)/src/Makefile.global
OBJS = postmaster.o bgwriter.o pgstat.o pgarch.o
OBJS = postmaster.o bgwriter.o pgstat.o pgarch.o pg_autovacuum.o
all: SUBSYS.o
......
src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
*
*
* IDENTIFICATION
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c,v 1.412 2004/07/19 02:47:08 tgl Exp $
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/postmaster/postmaster.c,v 1.413 2004/07/21 20:22:59 momjian Exp $
*
* NOTES
*
......@@ -55,12 +55,6 @@
* The Postmaster cleans up after backends if they have an emergency
* exit and/or core dump.
*
* Error Reporting:
* Use write_stderr() only for reporting "interactive" errors
* (essentially, bogus arguments on the command line). Once the
* postmaster is launched, use ereport(). In particular, don't use
* write_stderr() for anything that occurs after pmdaemonize.
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
......@@ -200,6 +194,7 @@ char *preload_libraries_string = NULL;
static pid_t StartupPID = 0,
BgWriterPID = 0,
PgArchPID = 0,
AutoVacPID = 0,
PgStatPID = 0;
/* Startup/shutdown state */
......@@ -269,6 +264,7 @@ static void SignalChildren(int signal);
static int CountChildren(void);
static bool CreateOptsFile(int argc, char *argv[], char *fullprogname);
static pid_t StartChildProcess(int xlop);
static void postmaster_error(const char *fmt,...);
#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
......@@ -299,6 +295,7 @@ static void ShmemBackendArrayRemove(pid_t pid);
#define StartupDataBase() StartChildProcess(BS_XLOG_STARTUP)
#define StartBackgroundWriter() StartChildProcess(BS_XLOG_BGWRITER)
#define StartAutoVac() StartChildProcess(BS_XLOG_AUTOVAC)
/*
......@@ -385,7 +382,7 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
#ifdef USE_ASSERT_CHECKING
SetConfigOption("debug_assertions", optarg, PGC_POSTMASTER, PGC_S_ARGV);
#else
write_stderr("%s: assert checking is not compiled in\n", progname);
postmaster_error("assert checking is not compiled in");
#endif
break;
case 'a':
......@@ -509,8 +506,9 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
}
default:
write_stderr("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n",
progname);
fprintf(stderr,
gettext("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
progname);
ExitPostmaster(1);
}
}
......@@ -520,10 +518,10 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
*/
if (optind < argc)
{
write_stderr("%s: invalid argument: \"%s\"\n",
progname, argv[optind]);
write_stderr("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n",
progname);
postmaster_error("invalid argument: \"%s\"", argv[optind]);
fprintf(stderr,
gettext("Try \"%s --help\" for more information.\n"),
progname);
ExitPostmaster(1);
}
......@@ -594,13 +592,13 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
* for lack of buffers. The specific choices here are somewhat
* arbitrary.
*/
write_stderr("%s: the number of buffers (-B) must be at least twice the number of allowed connections (-N) and at least 16\n", progname);
postmaster_error("the number of buffers (-B) must be at least twice the number of allowed connections (-N) and at least 16");
ExitPostmaster(1);
}
if (ReservedBackends >= MaxBackends)
{
write_stderr("%s: superuser_reserved_connections must be less than max_connections\n", progname);
postmaster_error("superuser_reserved_connections must be less than max_connections");
ExitPostmaster(1);
}
......@@ -609,7 +607,7 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
*/
if (!CheckDateTokenTables())
{
write_stderr("%s: invalid datetoken tables, please fix\n", progname);
postmaster_error("invalid datetoken tables, please fix");
ExitPostmaster(1);
}
......@@ -829,7 +827,7 @@ PostmasterMain(int argc, char *argv[])
* CAUTION: when changing this list, check for side-effects on the signal
* handling setup of child processes. See tcop/postgres.c,
* bootstrap/bootstrap.c, postmaster/bgwriter.c, postmaster/pgarch.c,
* and postmaster/pgstat.c.
* postmaster/pgstat.c, and postmaster/pg_autovacuum.c.
*/
pqinitmask();
PG_SETMASK(&BlockSig);
......@@ -978,10 +976,11 @@ checkDataDir(const char *checkdir)
fp = AllocateFile(path, PG_BINARY_R);
if (fp == NULL)
{
write_stderr("%s: could not find the database system\n"
"Expected to find it in the directory \"%s\",\n"
"but could not open file \"%s\": %s\n",
progname, checkdir, path, strerror(errno));
fprintf(stderr,
gettext("%s: could not find the database system\n"
"Expected to find it in the directory \"%s\",\n"
"but could not open file \"%s\": %s\n"),
progname, checkdir, path, strerror(errno));
ExitPostmaster(2);
}
FreeFile(fp);
......@@ -1024,8 +1023,8 @@ pmdaemonize(void)
pid = fork();
if (pid == (pid_t) -1)
{
write_stderr("%s: could not fork background process: %s\n",
progname, strerror(errno));
postmaster_error("could not fork background process: %s",
strerror(errno));
ExitPostmaster(1);
}
else if (pid)
......@@ -1046,8 +1045,8 @@ pmdaemonize(void)
#ifdef HAVE_SETSID
if (setsid() < 0)
{
write_stderr("%s: could not dissociate from controlling TTY: %s\n",
progname, strerror(errno));
postmaster_error("could not dissociate from controlling TTY: %s",
strerror(errno));
ExitPostmaster(1);
}
#endif
......@@ -1114,9 +1113,9 @@ ServerLoop(void)
int nSockets;
time_t now,
last_touch_time;
struct timeval earlier,
struct timeval earlier,
later;
struct timezone tz;
struct timezone tz;
gettimeofday(&earlier, &tz);
last_touch_time = time(NULL);
......@@ -1220,6 +1219,35 @@ ServerLoop(void)
kill(BgWriterPID, SIGUSR2);
}
/*
* If no AutoVacuum process is running, and we are not in
* a state that prevents it, start one. It doesn't matter if this
* fails, we'll just try again later.
*/
if (autovacuum_start_daemon)
{
if (pgstat_collect_tuplelevel)
{
if (AutoVacPID == 0 && StartupPID == 0 && !FatalError)
{
AutoVacPID = StartAutoVac();
if(pgstat_collect_resetonpmstart)
elog(WARNING,"pg_autovacuum: stats_reset_on_server_start should be disabled for optimal performance");
/* If shutdown is pending, set it going */
if (Shutdown > NoShutdown && AutoVacPID != 0)
kill(AutoVacPID, SIGUSR2);
}
}
else
elog(WARNING, "pg_autovacuum: autovac is enabled, but requires stats_row_level which is not enabled");
}
else if(AutoVacPID > 0)
kill(AutoVacPID, SIGUSR2);
if (!autovacuum_start_daemon)
elog(DEBUG1, "pg_autovacuum: not enabled");
/* If we have lost the archiver, try to start a new one */
if (XLogArchivingActive() && PgArchPID == 0 &&
StartupPID == 0 && !FatalError && Shutdown == NoShutdown)
......@@ -1587,6 +1615,21 @@ processCancelRequest(Port *port, void *pkt)
backendPID = (int) ntohl(canc->backendPID);
cancelAuthCode = (long) ntohl(canc->cancelAuthCode);
if (backendPID == BgWriterPID)
{
ereport(DEBUG2,
(errmsg_internal("ignoring cancel request for bgwriter process %d",
backendPID)));
return;
}
if (backendPID == AutoVacPID)
{
ereport(DEBUG2,
(errmsg_internal("ignoring cancel request for autovacuum process %d",
backendPID)));
return;
}
/*
* See if we have a matching backend. In the EXEC_BACKEND case, we
* can no longer access the postmaster's own backend list, and must
......@@ -1770,6 +1813,8 @@ SIGHUP_handler(SIGNAL_ARGS)
kill(BgWriterPID, SIGHUP);
if (PgArchPID != 0)
kill(PgArchPID, SIGHUP);
if (AutoVacPID != 0)
kill(AutoVacPID, SIGHUP);
/* PgStatPID does not currently need SIGHUP */
load_hba();
load_ident();
......@@ -1831,6 +1876,10 @@ pmdie(SIGNAL_ARGS)
/* Tell pgarch to shut down too; nothing left for it to do */
if (PgArchPID != 0)
kill(PgArchPID, SIGQUIT);
/* I don't think we need to Start the autovac process if not running */
/* And tell it to shut down */
if (AutoVacPID != 0)
kill(AutoVacPID, SIGUSR2);
/* Tell pgstat to shut down too; nothing left for it to do */
if (PgStatPID != 0)
kill(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
......@@ -1878,6 +1927,9 @@ pmdie(SIGNAL_ARGS)
/* Tell pgarch to shut down too; nothing left for it to do */
if (PgArchPID != 0)
kill(PgArchPID, SIGQUIT);
/* And tell it to shut down */
if (AutoVacPID != 0)
kill(AutoVacPID, SIGUSR2);
/* Tell pgstat to shut down too; nothing left for it to do */
if (PgStatPID != 0)
kill(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
......@@ -1898,6 +1950,8 @@ pmdie(SIGNAL_ARGS)
kill(BgWriterPID, SIGQUIT);
if (PgArchPID != 0)
kill(PgArchPID, SIGQUIT);
if (AutoVacPID != 0)
kill(AutoVacPID, SIGQUIT);
if (PgStatPID != 0)
kill(PgStatPID, SIGQUIT);
if (DLGetHead(BackendList))
......@@ -2040,9 +2094,35 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
if (XLogArchivingActive() &&
StartupPID == 0 && !FatalError && Shutdown == NoShutdown)
PgArchPID = pgarch_start();
/*
* Shutdown autovac if a shutdown request was pending.
*/
if (Shutdown > NoShutdown && AutoVacPID != 0)
kill(AutoVacPID, SIGUSR2);
continue;
}
/*
* Was it the autovac?
*/
if (AutoVacPID != 0 && pid == AutoVacPID)
{
AutoVacPID = 0;
if (exitstatus != 0)
{
/*
* Any unexpected exit of the autovacuum is treated as a crash.
* FIXME: This is useful for debugging autovac, but I think it should be
* ripped out before final patch, autovac shouldn't crash the postmaster
*/
LogChildExit(LOG, gettext("pg_autovacuum process"),
pid, exitstatus);
HandleChildCrash(pid, exitstatus);
continue;
}
}
/*
* Was it the statistics collector? If so, just try to start a new
* one; no need to force reset of the rest of the system. (If fail,
......@@ -2072,7 +2152,7 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
* StartupDataBase. (We can ignore the archiver and stats processes
* here since they are not connected to shmem.)
*/
if (DLGetHead(BackendList) || StartupPID != 0 || BgWriterPID != 0)
if (DLGetHead(BackendList) || StartupPID != 0 || BgWriterPID != 0 || AutoVacPID != 0)
goto reaper_done;
ereport(LOG,
(errmsg("all server processes terminated; reinitializing")));
......@@ -2095,6 +2175,9 @@ reaper(SIGNAL_ARGS)
/* And tell it to shut down */
if (BgWriterPID != 0)
kill(BgWriterPID, SIGUSR2);
/* Tell AutoVac to shut down */
if (AutoVacPID != 0)
kill(AutoVacPID, SIGUSR2);
}
reaper_done:
......@@ -2254,6 +2337,20 @@ HandleChildCrash(int pid,
}
FatalError = true;
/* Take care of the autovacuum too */
if (pid == AutoVacPID)
AutoVacPID = 0;
else if (AutoVacPID != 0 && !FatalError)
{
ereport(DEBUG2,
(errmsg_internal("sending %s to process %d",
(SendStop ? "SIGSTOP" : "SIGQUIT"),
(int) AutoVacPID)));
kill(AutoVacPID, (SendStop ? SIGSTOP : SIGQUIT));
}
FatalError = true;
}
/*
......@@ -3240,6 +3337,10 @@ StartChildProcess(int xlop)
ereport(LOG,
(errmsg("could not fork background writer process: %m")));
break;
case BS_XLOG_AUTOVAC:
ereport(LOG,
(errmsg("could not fork auto vacuum process: %m")));
break;
default:
ereport(LOG,
(errmsg("could not fork process: %m")));
......@@ -3294,6 +3395,24 @@ CreateOptsFile(int argc, char *argv[], char *fullprogname)
return true;
}
/*
* This should be used only for reporting "interactive" errors (essentially,
* bogus arguments on the command line). Once the postmaster is launched,
* use ereport. In particular, don't use this for anything that occurs
* after pmdaemonize.
*/
static void
postmaster_error(const char *fmt,...)
{
va_list ap;
fprintf(stderr, "%s: ", progname);
va_start(ap, fmt);
vfprintf(stderr, gettext(fmt), ap);
va_end(ap);
fprintf(stderr, "\n");
}
#ifdef EXEC_BACKEND
......@@ -3733,7 +3852,7 @@ win32_sigchld_waiter(LPVOID param)
if (r == WAIT_OBJECT_0)
pg_queue_signal(SIGCHLD);
else
write_stderr("ERROR: failed to wait on child process handle: %d\n",
fprintf(stderr, "ERROR: failed to wait on child process handle: %d\n",
(int) GetLastError());
CloseHandle(procHandle);
return 0;
......
src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@
* Written by Peter Eisentraut <peter_e@gmx.net>.
*
* IDENTIFICATION
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c,v 1.221 2004/07/19 21:39:47 momjian Exp $
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/backend/utils/misc/guc.c,v 1.222 2004/07/21 20:23:01 momjian Exp $
*
*--------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
......@@ -43,7 +43,9 @@
#include "optimizer/prep.h"
#include "parser/parse_expr.h"
#include "parser/parse_relation.h"
#include "pgstat.h"
#include "postmaster/bgwriter.h"
#include "postmaster/pg_autovacuum.h"
#include "postmaster/postmaster.h"
#include "storage/bufmgr.h"
#include "storage/fd.h"
......@@ -55,7 +57,6 @@
#include "utils/builtins.h"
#include "utils/memutils.h"
#include "utils/pg_locale.h"
#include "pgstat.h"
char *guc_pgdata;
char *guc_hbafile;
......@@ -642,6 +643,14 @@ static struct config_bool ConfigureNamesBool[] =
&pgstat_collect_blocklevel,
false, NULL, NULL
},
{
{"autovacuum", PGC_SIGHUP, AUTOVACUUM,
gettext_noop("Starts the auto vacuum subprocess."),
NULL
},
&autovacuum_start_daemon,
false, NULL, NULL
},
{
{"trace_notify", PGC_USERSET, DEVELOPER_OPTIONS,
......@@ -1284,6 +1293,30 @@ static struct config_int ConfigureNamesInt[] =
&block_size,
BLCKSZ, BLCKSZ, BLCKSZ, NULL, NULL
},
{
{"autovacuum_vacuum_threshold_base", PGC_SIGHUP, AUTOVACUUM,
gettext_noop("Minimum number of tuple updates or deletes prior to vacuum."),
NULL
},
&autovacuum_vacuum_base,
1000, 0, INT_MAX, NULL, NULL
},
{
{"autovacuum_analyze_threshold_base", PGC_SIGHUP, AUTOVACUUM,
gettext_noop("Minimum number of tuple updates or deletes prior to analyze."),
NULL
},
&autovacuum_analyze_base,
500, 0, INT_MAX, NULL, NULL
},
{
{"autovacuum_naptime", PGC_SIGHUP, AUTOVACUUM,
gettext_noop("Minimum number of tuple updates or deletes prior to analyze."),
NULL
},
&autovacuum_analyze_base,
500, 0, INT_MAX, NULL, NULL
},
/* End-of-list marker */
{
......@@ -1364,6 +1397,22 @@ static struct config_real ConfigureNamesReal[] =
&phony_random_seed,
0.5, 0.0, 1.0, assign_random_seed, show_random_seed
},
{
{"autovacuum_vacuum_threshold_sf", PGC_SIGHUP, AUTOVACUUM,
gettext_noop("Numer of tuple updates or deletes prior to vacuum as a factor of reltuples."),
NULL
},
&autovacuum_vacuum_scaling_factor,
2, 0, 100, NULL, NULL
},
{
{"autovacuum_analyze_threshold_sf", PGC_SIGHUP, AUTOVACUUM,
gettext_noop("Numer of tuple updates or deletes prior to analyze as a factor of reltuples."),
NULL
},
&autovacuum_analyze_scaling_factor,
1, 0, 100, NULL, NULL
},
/* End-of-list marker */
{
......
src/backend/utils/misc/postgresql.conf.sample
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -237,6 +237,16 @@
#stats_reset_on_server_start = true
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# VACUUM DAEMON
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
#autovacuum = false # requires stats_row_level = true
#autovacuum_vacuum_threshold_base = 1000
#autovacuum_vacuum_threshold_sf = 2
#autovacuum_analyze_threshold_base = 500
#autovacuum_analyze_threshold_sf = 1
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
# CLIENT CONNECTION DEFAULTS
#---------------------------------------------------------------------------
......
src/include/bootstrap/bootstrap.h
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
* Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2003, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
* Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
*
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/bootstrap/bootstrap.h,v 1.35 2004/05/29 22:48:22 tgl Exp $
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/bootstrap/bootstrap.h,v 1.36 2004/07/21 20:23:03 momjian Exp $
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
......@@ -59,5 +59,6 @@ extern void Int_yyerror(const char *str);
#define BS_XLOG_BOOTSTRAP 1
#define BS_XLOG_STARTUP 2
#define BS_XLOG_BGWRITER 3
#define BS_XLOG_AUTOVAC 4
#endif /* BOOTSTRAP_H */
src/include/catalog/catversion.h
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@
* Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2003, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
* Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
*
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/catalog/catversion.h,v 1.244 2004/07/12 20:23:51 momjian Exp $
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/catalog/catversion.h,v 1.245 2004/07/21 20:23:03 momjian Exp $
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
......@@ -53,6 +53,6 @@
*/
/* yyyymmddN */
#define CATALOG_VERSION_NO 200407121
#define CATALOG_VERSION_NO 200407211
#endif
src/include/postmaster/postmaster.h
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@
* Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2003, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
* Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
*
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/postmaster/postmaster.h,v 1.2 2004/05/30 03:50:15 tgl Exp $
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/postmaster/postmaster.h,v 1.3 2004/07/21 20:23:04 momjian Exp $
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
......@@ -29,6 +29,7 @@ extern char *preload_libraries_string;
extern bool Log_connections;
extern bool log_hostname;
extern char *rendezvous_name;
extern bool autovacuum_start_daemon;
#ifdef WIN32
extern HANDLE PostmasterHandle;
......
src/include/storage/proc.h
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
* Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2003, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
* Portions Copyright (c) 1994, Regents of the University of California
*
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/storage/proc.h,v 1.69 2004/07/17 03:31:26 tgl Exp $
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/storage/proc.h,v 1.70 2004/07/21 20:23:04 momjian Exp $
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
......@@ -88,7 +88,8 @@ typedef struct PROC_HDR
#define DUMMY_PROC_DEFAULT 0
#define DUMMY_PROC_BGWRITER 1
#define NUM_DUMMY_PROCS 2
#define DUMMY_PROC_AUTOVAC 2
#define NUM_DUMMY_PROCS 3
/* configurable options */
......
src/include/utils/guc_tables.h
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@
*
* Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2003, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
*
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/utils/guc_tables.h,v 1.12 2004/07/01 00:51:44 tgl Exp $
* $PostgreSQL: pgsql/src/include/utils/guc_tables.h,v 1.13 2004/07/21 20:23:05 momjian Exp $
*
*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
*/
......@@ -71,6 +71,7 @@ enum config_group
COMPAT_OPTIONS_CLIENT,
DEVELOPER_OPTIONS,
COMPILE_OPTIONS,
AUTOVACUUM,
CUSTOM_OPTIONS
};
......
src/test/regress/expected/rules.out
View file @ 8dec0c1b
......@@ -1275,7 +1275,7 @@ SELECT viewname, definition FROM pg_views WHERE schemaname <> 'information_schem
viewname | definition
--------------------------+-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
iexit | SELECT ih.name, ih.thepath, interpt_pp(ih.thepath, r.thepath) AS exit FROM ihighway ih, ramp r WHERE (ih.thepath ## r.thepath);
pg_indexes | SELECT n.nspname AS schemaname, c.relname AS tablename, i.relname AS indexname, pg_get_indexdef(i.oid) AS indexdef FROM (((pg_index x JOIN pg_class c ON ((c.oid = x.indrelid))) JOIN pg_class i ON ((i.oid = x.indexrelid))) LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON ((n.oid = c.relnamespace))) WHERE ((c.relkind = 'r'::"char") AND (i.relkind = 'i'::"char"));
pg_indexes | SELECT n.nspname AS schemaname, c.relname AS tablename, t.spcname AS "tablespace", i.relname AS indexname, pg_get_indexdef(i.oid) AS indexdef FROM ((((pg_index x JOIN pg_class c ON ((c.oid = x.indrelid))) JOIN pg_class i ON ((i.oid = x.indexrelid))) LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON ((n.oid = c.relnamespace))) LEFT JOIN pg_tablespace t ON ((t.oid = c.reltablespace))) WHERE ((c.relkind = 'r'::"char") AND (i.relkind = 'i'::"char"));
pg_locks | SELECT l.relation, l."database", l."transaction", l.pid, l."mode", l.granted FROM pg_lock_status() l(relation oid, "database" oid, "transaction" xid, pid integer, "mode" text, granted boolean);
pg_rules | SELECT n.nspname AS schemaname, c.relname AS tablename, r.rulename, pg_get_ruledef(r.oid) AS definition FROM ((pg_rewrite r JOIN pg_class c ON ((c.oid = r.ev_class))) LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON ((n.oid = c.relnamespace))) WHERE (r.rulename <> '_RETURN'::name);
pg_settings | SELECT a.name, a.setting, a.category, a.short_desc, a.extra_desc, a.context, a.vartype, a.source, a.min_val, a.max_val FROM pg_show_all_settings() a(name text, setting text, category text, short_desc text, extra_desc text, context text, vartype text, source text, min_val text, max_val text);
......@@ -1297,7 +1297,7 @@ SELECT viewname, definition FROM pg_views WHERE schemaname <> 'information_schem
pg_statio_user_sequences | SELECT pg_statio_all_sequences.relid, pg_statio_all_sequences.schemaname, pg_statio_all_sequences.relname, pg_statio_all_sequences.blks_read, pg_statio_all_sequences.blks_hit FROM pg_statio_all_sequences WHERE (((pg_statio_all_sequences.schemaname <> 'pg_catalog'::name) AND (pg_statio_all_sequences.schemaname <> 'pg_toast'::name)) AND (pg_statio_all_sequences.schemaname <> 'information_schema'::name));
pg_statio_user_tables | SELECT pg_statio_all_tables.relid, pg_statio_all_tables.schemaname, pg_statio_all_tables.relname, pg_statio_all_tables.heap_blks_read, pg_statio_all_tables.heap_blks_hit, pg_statio_all_tables.idx_blks_read, pg_statio_all_tables.idx_blks_hit, pg_statio_all_tables.toast_blks_read, pg_statio_all_tables.toast_blks_hit, pg_statio_all_tables.tidx_blks_read, pg_statio_all_tables.tidx_blks_hit FROM pg_statio_all_tables WHERE (((pg_statio_all_tables.schemaname <> 'pg_catalog'::name) AND (pg_statio_all_tables.schemaname <> 'pg_toast'::name)) AND (pg_statio_all_tables.schemaname <> 'information_schema'::name));
pg_stats | SELECT nspname AS schemaname, relname AS tablename, attname, stanullfrac AS null_frac, stawidth AS avg_width, stadistinct AS n_distinct, CASE 1 WHEN stakind1 THEN stavalues1 WHEN stakind2 THEN stavalues2 WHEN stakind3 THEN stavalues3 WHEN stakind4 THEN stavalues4 ELSE NULL::"unknown" END AS most_common_vals, CASE 1 WHEN stakind1 THEN stanumbers1 WHEN stakind2 THEN stanumbers2 WHEN stakind3 THEN stanumbers3 WHEN stakind4 THEN stanumbers4 ELSE NULL::real[] END AS most_common_freqs, CASE 2 WHEN stakind1 THEN stavalues1 WHEN stakind2 THEN stavalues2 WHEN stakind3 THEN stavalues3 WHEN stakind4 THEN stavalues4 ELSE NULL::"unknown" END AS histogram_bounds, CASE 3 WHEN stakind1 THEN stanumbers1[1] WHEN stakind2 THEN stanumbers2[1] WHEN stakind3 THEN stanumbers3[1] WHEN stakind4 THEN stanumbers4[1] ELSE NULL::real END AS correlation FROM (((pg_statistic s JOIN pg_class c ON ((c.oid = s.starelid))) JOIN pg_attribute a ON (((c.oid = a.attrelid) AND (a.attnum = s.staattnum)))) LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON ((n.oid = c.relnamespace))) WHERE has_table_privilege(c.oid, 'select'::text);
pg_tables | SELECT n.nspname AS schemaname, c.relname AS tablename, pg_get_userbyid(c.relowner) AS tableowner, c.relhasindex AS hasindexes, c.relhasrules AS hasrules, (c.reltriggers > 0) AS hastriggers FROM (pg_class c LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON ((n.oid = c.relnamespace))) WHERE (c.relkind = 'r'::"char");
pg_tables | SELECT n.nspname AS schemaname, c.relname AS tablename, t.spcname AS "tablespace", pg_get_userbyid(c.relowner) AS tableowner, c.relhasindex AS hasindexes, c.relhasrules AS hasrules, (c.reltriggers > 0) AS hastriggers FROM ((pg_class c LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON ((n.oid = c.relnamespace))) LEFT JOIN pg_tablespace t ON ((t.oid = c.reltablespace))) WHERE (c.relkind = 'r'::"char");
pg_user | SELECT pg_shadow.usename, pg_shadow.usesysid, pg_shadow.usecreatedb, pg_shadow.usesuper, pg_shadow.usecatupd, '********'::text AS passwd, pg_shadow.valuntil, pg_shadow.useconfig FROM pg_shadow;
pg_views | SELECT n.nspname AS schemaname, c.relname AS viewname, pg_get_userbyid(c.relowner) AS viewowner, pg_get_viewdef(c.oid) AS definition FROM (pg_class c LEFT JOIN pg_namespace n ON ((n.oid = c.relnamespace))) WHERE (c.relkind = 'v'::"char");
rtest_v1 | SELECT rtest_t1.a, rtest_t1.b FROM rtest_t1;
......
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