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Postgres FD Implementation
Commit 5b0aa112 authored by Tom Lane's avatar Tom Lane
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Doc: update section 9.12 for new function table layout. 

Also rearrange that page a bit for more consistency and less
duplication.

In passing, fix erroneous examples of the results of abbrev(cidr)
in datatype.sgml, and do a bit of copy-editing there.
parent ab7646ff
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doc/src/sgml/datatype.sgml
View file @ 5b0aa112
...@@ -2854,7 +2854,7 @@ SELECT EXTRACT(days from '80 hours'::interval); ...@@ -2854,7 +2854,7 @@ SELECT EXTRACT(days from '80 hours'::interval);
<entry><literal>iso_8601</literal></entry> <entry><literal>iso_8601</literal></entry>
<entry>P1Y2M</entry> <entry>P1Y2M</entry>
<entry>P3DT4H5M6S</entry> <entry>P3DT4H5M6S</entry>
<entry>P-1Y-2M3DT-4H-5M-6S</entry> <entry>P-1Y-2M3D&zwsp;T-4H-5M-6S</entry>
</row> </row>
</tbody> </tbody>
</tgroup> </tgroup>
...@@ -3559,8 +3559,9 @@ SELECT person.name, holidays.num_weeks FROM person, holidays ...@@ -3559,8 +3559,9 @@ SELECT person.name, holidays.num_weeks FROM person, holidays
<replaceable class="parameter">y</replaceable> <replaceable class="parameter">y</replaceable>
is the number of bits in the netmask. If the is the number of bits in the netmask. If the
<replaceable class="parameter">/y</replaceable> <replaceable class="parameter">/y</replaceable>
portion is missing, the portion is omitted, the
netmask is 32 for IPv4 and 128 for IPv6, so the value represents netmask is taken to be 32 for IPv4 or 128 for IPv6,
so the value represents
just a single host. On display, the just a single host. On display, the
<replaceable class="parameter">/y</replaceable> <replaceable class="parameter">/y</replaceable>
portion is suppressed if the netmask specifies a single host. portion is suppressed if the netmask specifies a single host.
...@@ -3580,7 +3581,8 @@ SELECT person.name, holidays.num_weeks FROM person, holidays ...@@ -3580,7 +3581,8 @@ SELECT person.name, holidays.num_weeks FROM person, holidays
conventions. conventions.
The format for specifying networks is <replaceable The format for specifying networks is <replaceable
class="parameter">address/y</replaceable> where <replaceable class="parameter">address/y</replaceable> where <replaceable
class="parameter">address</replaceable> is the network represented as an class="parameter">address</replaceable> is the network's lowest
address represented as an
IPv4 or IPv6 address, and <replaceable IPv4 or IPv6 address, and <replaceable
class="parameter">y</replaceable> is the number of bits in the netmask. If class="parameter">y</replaceable> is the number of bits in the netmask. If
<replaceable class="parameter">y</replaceable> is omitted, it is calculated <replaceable class="parameter">y</replaceable> is omitted, it is calculated
...@@ -3668,12 +3670,12 @@ SELECT person.name, holidays.num_weeks FROM person, holidays ...@@ -3668,12 +3670,12 @@ SELECT person.name, holidays.num_weeks FROM person, holidays
<row> <row>
<entry>2001:4f8:3:ba::/64</entry> <entry>2001:4f8:3:ba::/64</entry>
<entry>2001:4f8:3:ba::/64</entry> <entry>2001:4f8:3:ba::/64</entry>
<entry>2001:4f8:3:ba::/64</entry> <entry>2001:4f8:3:ba/64</entry>
</row> </row>
<row> <row>
<entry>2001:4f8:3:ba:2e0:81ff:fe22:d1f1/128</entry> <entry>2001:4f8:3:ba:&zwsp;2e0:81ff:fe22:d1f1/128</entry>
<entry>2001:4f8:3:ba:2e0:81ff:fe22:d1f1/128</entry> <entry>2001:4f8:3:ba:&zwsp;2e0:81ff:fe22:d1f1/128</entry>
<entry>2001:4f8:3:ba:2e0:81ff:fe22:d1f1</entry> <entry>2001:4f8:3:ba:&zwsp;2e0:81ff:fe22:d1f1/128</entry>
</row> </row>
<row> <row>
<entry>::ffff:1.2.3.0/120</entry> <entry>::ffff:1.2.3.0/120</entry>
...@@ -3738,7 +3740,7 @@ SELECT person.name, holidays.num_weeks FROM person, holidays ...@@ -3738,7 +3740,7 @@ SELECT person.name, holidays.num_weeks FROM person, holidays
<member><literal>'08002b010203'</literal></member> <member><literal>'08002b010203'</literal></member>
</simplelist> </simplelist>
These examples would all specify the same address. Upper and These examples all specify the same address. Upper and
lower case is accepted for the digits lower case is accepted for the digits
<literal>a</literal> through <literal>f</literal>. Output is always in the <literal>a</literal> through <literal>f</literal>. Output is always in the
first of the forms shown. first of the forms shown.
...@@ -3805,14 +3807,17 @@ SELECT person.name, holidays.num_weeks FROM person, holidays ...@@ -3805,14 +3807,17 @@ SELECT person.name, holidays.num_weeks FROM person, holidays
<member><literal>'08002b0102030405'</literal></member> <member><literal>'08002b0102030405'</literal></member>
</simplelist> </simplelist>
These examples would all specify the same address. Upper and These examples all specify the same address. Upper and
lower case is accepted for the digits lower case is accepted for the digits
<literal>a</literal> through <literal>f</literal>. Output is always in the <literal>a</literal> through <literal>f</literal>. Output is always in the
first of the forms shown. first of the forms shown.
</para>
The last six input formats that are mentioned above are not part <para>
of any standard. The last six input formats shown above are not part of any standard.
</para>
<para>
To convert a traditional 48 bit MAC address in EUI-48 format to To convert a traditional 48 bit MAC address in EUI-48 format to
modified EUI-64 format to be included as the host portion of an modified EUI-64 format to be included as the host portion of an
IPv6 address, use <function>macaddr8_set7bit</function> as shown: IPv6 address, use <function>macaddr8_set7bit</function> as shown:
...@@ -4655,7 +4660,8 @@ SELECT * FROM pg_attribute ...@@ -4655,7 +4660,8 @@ SELECT * FROM pg_attribute
<entry><type>regoperator</type></entry> <entry><type>regoperator</type></entry>
<entry><structname>pg_operator</structname></entry> <entry><structname>pg_operator</structname></entry>
<entry>operator with argument types</entry> <entry>operator with argument types</entry>
<entry><literal>*(integer,integer)</literal> or <literal>-(NONE,integer)</literal></entry> <entry><literal>*(integer,&zwsp;integer)</literal>
or <literal>-(NONE,&zwsp;integer)</literal></entry>
</row> </row>
<row> <row>
......
doc/src/sgml/func.sgml
View file @ 5b0aa112
...@@ -10558,418 +10558,512 @@ CREATE TYPE rainbow AS ENUM ('red', 'orange', 'yellow', 'green', 'blue', 'purple ...@@ -10558,418 +10558,512 @@ CREATE TYPE rainbow AS ENUM ('red', 'orange', 'yellow', 'green', 'blue', 'purple
<title>Network Address Functions and Operators</title> <title>Network Address Functions and Operators</title>
<para> <para>
<xref linkend="cidr-inet-operators-table"/> shows the operators The IP network address types, <type>cidr</type> and <type>inet</type>,
available for the <type>cidr</type> and <type>inet</type> types. support the usual comparison operators shown in
The operators <literal>&lt;&lt;</literal>, <xref linkend="functions-comparison-op-table"/>
<literal>&lt;&lt;=</literal>, <literal>&gt;&gt;</literal>, as well as the specialized operators and functions shown in
<literal>&gt;&gt;=</literal>, and <literal>&amp;&amp;</literal> <xref linkend="cidr-inet-operators-table"/> and
test for subnet inclusion. They <xref linkend="cidr-inet-functions-table"/>.
consider only the network parts of the two addresses (ignoring any
host part) and determine whether one network is identical to
or a subnet of the other.
</para> </para>
<table id="cidr-inet-operators-table">
<title><type>cidr</type> and <type>inet</type> Operators</title>
<tgroup cols="3">
<thead>
<row>
<entry>Operator</entry>
<entry>Description</entry>
<entry>Example</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry> <literal>&lt;</literal> </entry>
<entry>is less than</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1.5' &lt; inet '192.168.1.6'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>&lt;=</literal> </entry>
<entry>is less than or equal</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1.5' &lt;= inet '192.168.1.5'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>=</literal> </entry>
<entry>equals</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1.5' = inet '192.168.1.5'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>&gt;=</literal> </entry>
<entry>is greater or equal</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1.5' &gt;= inet '192.168.1.5'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>&gt;</literal> </entry>
<entry>is greater than</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1.5' &gt; inet '192.168.1.4'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>&lt;&gt;</literal> </entry>
<entry>is not equal</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1.5' &lt;&gt; inet '192.168.1.4'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>&lt;&lt;</literal> </entry>
<entry>is contained by</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1.5' &lt;&lt; inet '192.168.1/24'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>&lt;&lt;=</literal> </entry>
<entry>is contained by or equals</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1/24' &lt;&lt;= inet '192.168.1/24'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>&gt;&gt;</literal> </entry>
<entry>contains</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1/24' &gt;&gt; inet '192.168.1.5'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>&gt;&gt;=</literal> </entry>
<entry>contains or equals</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1/24' &gt;&gt;= inet '192.168.1/24'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>&amp;&amp;</literal> </entry>
<entry>contains or is contained by</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1/24' &amp;&amp; inet '192.168.1.80/28'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>~</literal> </entry>
<entry>bitwise NOT</entry>
<entry><literal>~ inet '192.168.1.6'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>&amp;</literal> </entry>
<entry>bitwise AND</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1.6' &amp; inet '0.0.0.255'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>|</literal> </entry>
<entry>bitwise OR</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1.6' | inet '0.0.0.255'</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>+</literal> </entry>
<entry>addition</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1.6' + 25</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>-</literal> </entry>
<entry>subtraction</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1.43' - 36</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry> <literal>-</literal> </entry>
<entry>subtraction</entry>
<entry><literal>inet '192.168.1.43' - inet '192.168.1.19'</literal></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para> <para>
<xref linkend="cidr-inet-functions-table"/> shows the functions Any <type>cidr</type> value can be cast to <type>inet</type> implicitly;
available for use with the <type>cidr</type> and <type>inet</type> therefore, the operators and functions shown below as operating on
types. The <function>abbrev</function>, <function>host</function>, <type>inet</type> also work on <type>cidr</type> values. (Where there are
and <function>text</function> separate functions for <type>inet</type> and <type>cidr</type>, it is
functions are primarily intended to offer alternative display because the behavior should be different for the two cases.)
formats. Also, it is permitted to cast an <type>inet</type> value
to <type>cidr</type>. When this is done, any bits to the right of the
netmask are silently zeroed to create a valid <type>cidr</type> value.
</para> </para>
<table id="cidr-inet-functions-table"> <table id="cidr-inet-operators-table">
<title><type>cidr</type> and <type>inet</type> Functions</title> <title>IP Address Operators</title>
<tgroup cols="5"> <tgroup cols="1">
<thead> <thead>
<row> <row>
<entry>Function</entry> <entry role="functableentry">
<entry>Return Type</entry> Operator<?br?>Description<?br?>Example(s)
<entry>Description</entry> </entry>
<entry>Example</entry> </row>
<entry>Result</entry> </thead>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>abbrev</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>abbrev(<type>inet</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>text</type></entry>
<entry>abbreviated display format as text</entry>
<entry><literal>abbrev(inet '10.1.0.0/16')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>10.1.0.0/16</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><literal><function>abbrev(<type>cidr</type>)</function></literal></entry>
<entry><type>text</type></entry>
<entry>abbreviated display format as text</entry>
<entry><literal>abbrev(cidr '10.1.0.0/16')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>10.1/16</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>broadcast</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>broadcast(<type>inet</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>inet</type></entry>
<entry>broadcast address for network</entry>
<entry><literal>broadcast('192.168.1.5/24')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>192.168.1.255/24</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>family</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>family(<type>inet</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>int</type></entry>
<entry>extract family of address; <literal>4</literal> for IPv4,
<literal>6</literal> for IPv6</entry>
<entry><literal>family('::1')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>6</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>host</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>host(<type>inet</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>text</type></entry>
<entry>extract IP address as text</entry>
<entry><literal>host('192.168.1.5/24')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>192.168.1.5</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>hostmask</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>hostmask(<type>inet</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>inet</type></entry>
<entry>construct host mask for network</entry>
<entry><literal>hostmask('192.168.23.20/30')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>0.0.0.3</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>masklen</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>masklen(<type>inet</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>int</type></entry>
<entry>extract netmask length</entry>
<entry><literal>masklen('192.168.1.5/24')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>24</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>netmask</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>netmask(<type>inet</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>inet</type></entry>
<entry>construct netmask for network</entry>
<entry><literal>netmask('192.168.1.5/24')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>255.255.255.0</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>network</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>network(<type>inet</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>cidr</type></entry>
<entry>extract network part of address</entry>
<entry><literal>network('192.168.1.5/24')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>192.168.1.0/24</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>set_masklen</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>set_masklen(<type>inet</type>, <type>int</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>inet</type></entry>
<entry>set netmask length for <type>inet</type> value</entry>
<entry><literal>set_masklen('192.168.1.5/24', 16)</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>192.168.1.5/16</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry><literal><function>set_masklen(<type>cidr</type>, <type>int</type>)</function></literal></entry>
<entry><type>cidr</type></entry>
<entry>set netmask length for <type>cidr</type> value</entry>
<entry><literal>set_masklen('192.168.1.0/24'::cidr, 16)</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>192.168.0.0/16</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>text</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>text(<type>inet</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>text</type></entry>
<entry>extract IP address and netmask length as text</entry>
<entry><literal>text(inet '192.168.1.5')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>192.168.1.5/32</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>inet_same_family</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>inet_same_family(<type>inet</type>, <type>inet</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>boolean</type></entry>
<entry>are the addresses from the same family?</entry>
<entry><literal>inet_same_family('192.168.1.5/24', '::1')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>false</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>inet_merge</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>inet_merge(<type>inet</type>, <type>inet</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>cidr</type></entry>
<entry>the smallest network which includes both of the given networks</entry>
<entry><literal>inet_merge('192.168.1.5/24', '192.168.2.5/24')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>192.168.0.0/22</literal></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para> <tbody>
Any <type>cidr</type> value can be cast to <type>inet</type> implicitly <row>
or explicitly; therefore, the functions shown above as operating on <entry role="functableentry">
<type>inet</type> also work on <type>cidr</type> values. (Where there are <type>inet</type> <literal>&lt;&lt;</literal> <type>inet</type>
separate functions for <type>inet</type> and <type>cidr</type>, it is because <returnvalue>boolean</returnvalue>
the behavior should be different for the two cases.) <?br?>
Also, it is permitted to cast an <type>inet</type> value to <type>cidr</type>. Is subnet strictly contained by subnet?
When this is done, any bits to the right of the netmask are silently zeroed This operator, and the next four, test for subnet inclusion. They
to create a valid <type>cidr</type> value. consider only the network parts of the two addresses (ignoring any
In addition, bits to the right of the netmasks) and determine whether one network
you can cast a text value to <type>inet</type> or <type>cidr</type> is identical to or a subnet of the other.
using normal casting syntax: for example, <?br?>
<literal>inet(<replaceable>expression</replaceable>)</literal> or <literal>inet '192.168.1.5' &lt;&lt; inet '192.168.1/24'</literal>
<literal><replaceable>colname</replaceable>::cidr</literal>. <returnvalue>t</returnvalue>
</para> <?br?>
<literal>inet '192.168.0.5' &lt;&lt; inet '192.168.1/24'</literal>
<returnvalue>f</returnvalue>
<?br?>
<literal>inet '192.168.1/24' &lt;&lt; inet '192.168.1/24'</literal>
<returnvalue>f</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<para> <row>
<xref linkend="macaddr-functions-table"/> shows the functions <entry role="functableentry">
available for use with the <type>macaddr</type> type. The function <type>inet</type> <literal>&lt;&lt;=</literal> <type>inet</type>
<literal><function>trunc(<type>macaddr</type>)</function></literal> returns a MAC <returnvalue>boolean</returnvalue>
address with the last 3 bytes set to zero. This can be used to <?br?>
associate the remaining prefix with a manufacturer. Is subnet contained by or equal to subnet?
</para> <?br?>
<literal>inet '192.168.1/24' &lt;&lt;= inet '192.168.1/24'</literal>
<returnvalue>t</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<table id="macaddr-functions-table"> <row>
<title><type>macaddr</type> Functions</title> <entry role="functableentry">
<tgroup cols="5"> <type>inet</type> <literal>&gt;&gt;</literal> <type>inet</type>
<thead> <returnvalue>boolean</returnvalue>
<row> <?br?>
<entry>Function</entry> Does subnet strictly contain subnet?
<entry>Return Type</entry> <?br?>
<entry>Description</entry> <literal>inet '192.168.1/24' &gt;&gt; inet '192.168.1.5'</literal>
<entry>Example</entry> <returnvalue>t</returnvalue>
<entry>Result</entry> </entry>
</row> </row>
</thead>
<tbody> <row>
<row> <entry role="functableentry">
<entry> <type>inet</type> <literal>&gt;&gt;=</literal> <type>inet</type>
<indexterm> <returnvalue>boolean</returnvalue>
<primary>trunc</primary> <?br?>
</indexterm> Does subnet contain or equal subnet?
<literal><function>trunc(<type>macaddr</type>)</function></literal> <?br?>
</entry> <literal>inet '192.168.1/24' &gt;&gt;= inet '192.168.1/24'</literal>
<entry><type>macaddr</type></entry> <returnvalue>t</returnvalue>
<entry>set last 3 bytes to zero</entry> </entry>
<entry><literal>trunc(macaddr '12:34:56:78:90:ab')</literal></entry> </row>
<entry><literal>12:34:56:00:00:00</literal></entry>
</row> <row>
</tbody> <entry role="functableentry">
</tgroup> <type>inet</type> <literal>&amp;&amp;</literal> <type>inet</type>
</table> <returnvalue>boolean</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Does either subnet contain or equal the other?
<?br?>
<literal>inet '192.168.1/24' &amp;&amp; inet '192.168.1.80/28'</literal>
<returnvalue>t</returnvalue>
<?br?>
<literal>inet '192.168.1/24' &amp;&amp; inet '192.168.2.0/28'</literal>
<returnvalue>f</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<literal>~</literal> <type>inet</type>
<returnvalue>inet</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Computes bitwise NOT.
<?br?>
<literal>~ inet '192.168.1.6'</literal>
<returnvalue>63.87.254.249</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<type>inet</type> <literal>&amp;</literal> <type>inet</type>
<returnvalue>inet</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Computes bitwise AND.
<?br?>
<literal>inet '192.168.1.6' &amp; inet '0.0.0.255'</literal>
<returnvalue>0.0.0.6</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<type>inet</type> <literal>|</literal> <type>inet</type>
<returnvalue>inet</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Computes bitwise OR.
<?br?>
<literal>inet '192.168.1.6' | inet '0.0.0.255'</literal>
<returnvalue>192.168.1.255</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<type>inet</type> <literal>+</literal> <type>bigint</type>
<returnvalue>inet</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Adds an offset to an address.
<?br?>
<literal>inet '192.168.1.6' + 25</literal>
<returnvalue>192.168.1.31</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<type>bigint</type> <literal>+</literal> <type>inet</type>
<returnvalue>inet</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Adds an offset to an address.
<?br?>
<literal>200 + inet '::ffff:fff0:1'</literal>
<returnvalue>::ffff:255.240.0.201</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<type>inet</type> <literal>-</literal> <type>bigint</type>
<returnvalue>inet</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Subtracts an offset from an address.
<?br?>
<literal>inet '192.168.1.43' - 36</literal>
<returnvalue>192.168.1.7</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<type>inet</type> <literal>-</literal> <type>inet</type>
<returnvalue>bigint</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Computes the difference of two addresses.
<?br?>
<literal>inet '192.168.1.43' - inet '192.168.1.19'</literal>
<returnvalue>24</returnvalue>
<?br?>
<literal>inet '::1' - inet '::ffff:1'</literal>
<returnvalue>-4294901760</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<table id="cidr-inet-functions-table">
<title>IP Address Functions</title>
<tgroup cols="1">
<thead>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
Function<?br?>Description<?br?>Example(s)
</entry>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>abbrev</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>abbrev</function> ( <type>inet</type> )
<returnvalue>text</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Creates an abbreviated display format as text.
(The result is the same as the <type>inet</type> output function
produces; it is <quote>abbreviated</quote> only in comparison to the
result of an explicit cast to <type>text</type>, which for historical
reasons will never suppress the netmask part.)
<?br?>
<literal>abbrev(inet '10.1.0.0/32')</literal>
<returnvalue>10.1.0.0</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<function>abbrev</function> ( <type>cidr</type> )
<returnvalue>text</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Creates an abbreviated display format as text.
(The abbreviation consists of dropping all-zero octets to the right
of the netmask; more examples are in
<xref linkend="datatype-net-cidr-table"/>.)
<?br?>
<literal>abbrev(cidr '10.1.0.0/16')</literal>
<returnvalue>10.1/16</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>broadcast</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>broadcast</function> ( <type>inet</type> )
<returnvalue>inet</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Computes the broadcast address for the address's network.
<?br?>
<literal>broadcast(inet '192.168.1.5/24')</literal>
<returnvalue>192.168.1.255/24</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>family</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>family</function> ( <type>inet</type> )
<returnvalue>integer</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Returns the address's family: <literal>4</literal> for IPv4,
<literal>6</literal> for IPv6.
<?br?>
<literal>family(inet '::1')</literal>
<returnvalue>6</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>host</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>host</function> ( <type>inet</type> )
<returnvalue>text</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Returns the IP address as text, ignoring the netmask.
<?br?>
<literal>host(inet '192.168.1.0/24')</literal>
<returnvalue>192.168.1.0</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>hostmask</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>hostmask</function> ( <type>inet</type> )
<returnvalue>inet</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Computes the host mask for the address's network.
<?br?>
<literal>hostmask(inet '192.168.23.20/30')</literal>
<returnvalue>0.0.0.3</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>inet_merge</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>inet_merge</function> ( <type>inet</type>, <type>inet</type> )
<returnvalue>cidr</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Computes the smallest network that includes both of the given networks.
<?br?>
<literal>inet_merge(inet '192.168.1.5/24', inet '192.168.2.5/24')</literal>
<returnvalue>192.168.0.0/22</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>inet_same_family</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>inet_same_family</function> ( <type>inet</type>, <type>inet</type> )
<returnvalue>boolean</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Tests whether the addresses belong to the same IP family.
<?br?>
<literal>inet_same_family(inet '192.168.1.5/24', inet '::1')</literal>
<returnvalue>f</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>masklen</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>masklen</function> ( <type>inet</type> )
<returnvalue>integer</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Returns the netmask length in bits.
<?br?>
<literal>masklen(inet '192.168.1.5/24')</literal>
<returnvalue>24</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>netmask</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>netmask</function> ( <type>inet</type> )
<returnvalue>inet</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Computes the network mask for the address's network.
<?br?>
<literal>netmask(inet '192.168.1.5/24')</literal>
<returnvalue>255.255.255.0</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>network</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>network</function> ( <type>inet</type> )
<returnvalue>cidr</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Returns the network part of the address, zeroing out
whatever is to the right of the netmask.
(This is equivalent to casting the value to <type>cidr</type>.)
<?br?>
<literal>network(inet '192.168.1.5/24')</literal>
<returnvalue>192.168.1.0/24</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>set_masklen</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>set_masklen</function> ( <type>inet</type>, <type>integer</type> )
<returnvalue>inet</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Sets the netmask length for an <type>inet</type> value.
The address part does not change.
<?br?>
<literal>set_masklen(inet '192.168.1.5/24', 16)</literal>
<returnvalue>192.168.1.5/16</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<function>set_masklen</function> ( <type>cidr</type>, <type>integer</type> )
<returnvalue>cidr</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Sets the netmask length for a <type>cidr</type> value.
Address bits to the right of the new netmask are set to zero.
<?br?>
<literal>set_masklen(cidr '192.168.1.0/24', 16)</literal>
<returnvalue>192.168.0.0/16</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>text</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>text</function> ( <type>inet</type> )
<returnvalue>text</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Returns the unabbreviated IP address and netmask length as text.
(This has the same result as an explicit cast to <type>text</type>.)
<?br?>
<literal>text(inet '192.168.1.5')</literal>
<returnvalue>192.168.1.5/32</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<tip>
<para> <para>
The <type>macaddr</type> type also supports the standard relational The <function>abbrev</function>, <function>host</function>,
operators (<literal>&gt;</literal>, <literal>&lt;=</literal>, etc.) for and <function>text</function> functions are primarily intended to offer
lexicographical ordering, and the bitwise arithmetic operators alternative display formats for IP addresses.
(<literal>~</literal>, <literal>&amp;</literal> and <literal>|</literal>)
for NOT, AND and OR.
</para> </para>
</tip>
<para> <para>
<xref linkend="macaddr8-functions-table"/> shows the functions The MAC address types, <type>macaddr</type> and <type>macaddr8</type>,
available for use with the <type>macaddr8</type> type. The function support the usual comparison operators shown in
<literal><function>trunc(<type>macaddr8</type>)</function></literal> returns a MAC <xref linkend="functions-comparison-op-table"/>
address with the last 5 bytes set to zero. This can be used to as well as the specialized functions shown in
associate the remaining prefix with a manufacturer. <xref linkend="macaddr-functions-table"/>.
In addition, they support the bitwise logical operators
<literal>~</literal>, <literal>&amp;</literal> and <literal>|</literal>
(NOT, AND and OR), just as shown above for IP addresses.
</para> </para>
<table id="macaddr8-functions-table"> <table id="macaddr-functions-table">
<title><type>macaddr8</type> Functions</title> <title>MAC Address Functions</title>
<tgroup cols="5"> <tgroup cols="1">
<thead> <thead>
<row> <row>
<entry>Function</entry> <entry role="functableentry">
<entry>Return Type</entry> Function<?br?>Description<?br?>Example(s)
<entry>Description</entry> </entry>
<entry>Example</entry> </row>
<entry>Result</entry> </thead>
</row>
</thead>
<tbody>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>trunc</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>trunc(<type>macaddr8</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>macaddr8</type></entry>
<entry>set last 5 bytes to zero</entry>
<entry><literal>trunc(macaddr8 '12:34:56:78:90:ab:cd:ef')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>12:34:56:00:00:00:00:00</literal></entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry>
<indexterm>
<primary>macaddr8_set7bit</primary>
</indexterm>
<literal><function>macaddr8_set7bit(<type>macaddr8</type>)</function></literal>
</entry>
<entry><type>macaddr8</type></entry>
<entry>set 7th bit to one, also known as modified EUI-64, for inclusion in an IPv6 address</entry>
<entry><literal>macaddr8_set7bit(macaddr8 '00:34:56:ab:cd:ef')</literal></entry>
<entry><literal>02:34:56:ff:fe:ab:cd:ef</literal></entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
<para> <tbody>
The <type>macaddr8</type> type also supports the standard relational <row>
operators (<literal>&gt;</literal>, <literal>&lt;=</literal>, etc.) for <entry role="functableentry">
ordering, and the bitwise arithmetic operators (<literal>~</literal>, <indexterm>
<literal>&amp;</literal> and <literal>|</literal>) for NOT, AND and OR. <primary>trunc</primary>
</para> </indexterm>
<function>trunc</function> ( <type>macaddr</type> )
<returnvalue>macaddr</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Sets the last 3 bytes of the address to zero. The remaining prefix
can be associated with a particular manufacturer (using data not
included in <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>).
<?br?>
<literal>trunc(macaddr '12:34:56:78:90:ab')</literal>
<returnvalue>12:34:56:00:00:00</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<function>trunc</function> ( <type>macaddr8</type> )
<returnvalue>macaddr8</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Sets the last 5 bytes of the address to zero. The remaining prefix
can be associated with a particular manufacturer (using data not
included in <productname>PostgreSQL</productname>).
<?br?>
<literal>trunc(macaddr8 '12:34:56:78:90:ab:cd:ef')</literal>
<returnvalue>12:34:56:00:00:00:00:00</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
<row>
<entry role="functableentry">
<indexterm>
<primary>macaddr8_set7bit</primary>
</indexterm>
<function>macaddr8_set7bit</function> ( <type>macaddr8</type> )
<returnvalue>macaddr8</returnvalue>
<?br?>
Sets the 7th bit of the address to one, creating what is known as
modified EUI-64, for inclusion in an IPv6 address.
<?br?>
<literal>macaddr8_set7bit(macaddr8 '00:34:56:ab:cd:ef')</literal>
<returnvalue>02:34:56:ff:fe:ab:cd:ef</returnvalue>
</entry>
</row>
</tbody>
</tgroup>
</table>
</sect1> </sect1>
......
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