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Postgres FD Implementation
Commit 248d92dd authored by Bruce Momjian's avatar Bruce Momjian
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Update of Russian FAQ. 

 Viktor Vislobokov
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Otvety na chasto zadavaemye voprosy po PostgreSQL
Data poslednego obnovleniya: Vtornik 31 avgusta 23:28:03 EDT 2004
Data poslednego obnovleniya: Sreda 15 dekabrya 20:06:34 EST 2004
Anglijskij variant soprovozhdaet: Bryus Mom'yan (Bruce Momjian)
(pgman@candle.pha.pa.us)
......@@ -109,8 +109,7 @@
4.25) Kak mne vernut' iz funkcii neskol'ko zapisej?
4.26) Pochemu ya ne mogu nadezhno sozdavat'/udalyat' vremennye tablicy
v funkciyah PL/PgSQL?
4.27) Kakie opcii replikacii suschestvuyut?
4.28) Kakie opcii shifrovaniya suschestvuyut?
4.27) Kakie opcii shifrovaniya suschestvuyut?
Rasshireniya PostgreSQL
......@@ -208,7 +207,9 @@
Nachinaya s versii 8.0, PostgreSQL bez vsyakih uhischrenij rabotaet na
operacionnyh sistemah Microsoft Windows, osnovannyh na NT, takih kak
Win2000, WinXP i Win2003. Paket installyatora dostupen po adresu
http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller.
http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller. Versii Windows, osnovannye
na MS-DOS (Win95, Win98, WinMe) mogut zapuskat' PostgreSQL s
pomosch'yu Cygwin.
Takzhe suschestvuet versiya sportirovannaya pod Novell Netware 6 na
http://forge.novell.com.
......@@ -259,17 +260,20 @@
http://www.PostgreSQL.org
Esche suschestvuet IRC kanal na Freenode i EFNet, s nazvaniem
#PostgreSQL. YA ispol'zuyu dlya podklyucheniya k `etomu kanalu komandu
Unix irc -c '#PostgreSQL' "$USER" irc.phoenix.net. ili irc -c
'#PostgreSQL' "$USER" irc.freenode.net.
Glavnym IRC kanalom yavlyaetsya #postgreql, raspolozhennyj na servere
Freenode (irc.freenode.net). CHtoby podklyuchit'sya, vy mozhete
ispol'zovat' komandu Unix irc -c '#postgresql' "$USER"
irc.freenode.net ili lyuboj drugoj IRC klient. Na `etom zhe servere
suschestvuyut kanaly na ispanskom (#postgresql-es) i francuzskom
(#postgresqlfr) yazykah. Takzhe suschestvuet kanal po PostgreSQL na
servere EFNet.
Spisok kommercheskoj podderzhki kompanij dostupen na
http://techdocs.postgresql.org/companies.php.
1.7) Kakaya poslednyaya versiya?
Poslednij vypusk PostgreSQL - `eto versiya 7.4.5
Poslednij vypusk PostgreSQL - `eto versiya 7.4.6
My planiruem vypuskat' novye versii kazhdye 6-8 mesyacev.
......@@ -338,9 +342,8 @@
1.13) Kak otpravit' soobschenie ob oshibke??
Pozhalujsta posetite stranichku PostgreSQL BugTool na
http://www.PostgreSQL.org/bugs/bugs.php, na kotoroj predostavleny
detal'nye instrukcii o tom kak otpravit' soobschenie ob oshibke.
Zapolnite formu ob oshibke v PostgreSQL, kotoraya raspolozhena na
http://www.postgresql.org/bugform.html.
Takzhe ne zabud'te posmotret' na ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub na
predmet bolee svezhih versij PostgreSQL ili zaplat.
......@@ -360,7 +363,7 @@
dlya raboty s soderzhimym blokirovok.
Proizvoditel'nost'
PostgreSQL imeet proizvoditel'nost' shozhuyu s drugimi
PostgreSQL imeet proizvoditel'nost' shodnuyu s drugimi
kommercheskimi SUBD i s SUBD s otkrytym ishodnym kodom, v
kakih-to aspektah rabotaya bystree chem oni, v kakih-to
medlenee. V sravnenii s MySQL ili obydennee SUBD, my bystree,
......@@ -473,10 +476,12 @@
Da, suschestvuet neskol'ko graficheskih interfejsov dlya PostgreSQL.
`Eto PgAccess (http://www.pgaccess.org), PgAdmin III
(http://www.pgadmin.org), RHDB Admin (http://sources.redhat.com/rhdb/)
i Rekall ( http://www.thekompany.com/products/rekall/, kommercheskij).
Takzhe est' PhpPgAdmin ( http://phppgadmin.sourceforge.net/) -
interfejs k PostgreSQL, osnovannyj na Web.
(http://www.pgadmin.org), RHDB Admin
(http://sources.redhat.com/rhdb/), TORA (http://www.globecom.net/tora/
(chastichno kommercheskoe PO) i Rekall (
http://www.thekompany.com/products/rekall/, kommercheskij). Takzhe
est' PhpPgAdmin ( http://phppgadmin.sourceforge.net/) - interfejs k
PostgreSQL, osnovannyj na Web.
2.4) Kakie yazyki mogut vzaimodejstvovat' s PostgreSQL?
......@@ -520,7 +525,7 @@
backend processov vy nastroili dlya postmaster. Dlya bol'shinstva
sistem, s kolichestvom buferov i processov po umolchaniyu, neobhodimyj
minimum - `eto okolo 1 megabajta. Podrobnosti o razdelyaemoj pamyati i
semaforah smotrite v Rukovodstve administratora PostgreSQL.
semaforah smotrite v Rukovodstve administratora PostgreSQL..
3.4) Kogda ya pytayus' zapustit' postmaster, ya poluchayu oshibki
IpcSemaphoreCreate. Pochemu?
......@@ -566,23 +571,23 @@
nad udaleniem i peresozdaniem indeksov, kogda vy vypolnyaete bol'shie
izmeneniya dannyh.
Suschestvuet neskol'ko opcij nastrojki. Vy mozhete zapretit' fsync()
pri starte postmaster s opciej -o -F. `Eto predotvratit vyzovy
fsync(), kotorye privodyat k sbrosu dannyh na disk posle kazhdoj
tranzakcii.
Suschestvuet neskol'ko opcij nastrojki v Rukovodstve Administratora
PostgreSQL. Vy mozhete zapretit' fsync() pri starte postmaster s
opciej -o -F. `Eto predotvratit vyzovy fsync(), kotorye privodyat k
sbrosu dannyh na disk posle kazhdoj tranzakcii.
Vy mozhete takzhe ispol'zovat' dlya postmaster opciyu -B dlya
Vy mozhete takzhe ispol'zovat' opciyu shared_buffers -B dlya
uvelicheniya kolichestva buferov razdelyaemoj pamyati, kotoraya
ispol'zuetsya backend processami. Esli vy sdelaete znachenie `etogo
parametra slishkom bol'shim, to postmaster mozhet ne zapustitsya
potomu chto vy ischerpaete ogranichenie yadra na ob"em razdelyaemoj
pamyati. Kazhdyj bufer imeet razmer v 8 kilobajt i po umolchaniyu
vydelyaetsya 64 bufera.
vydelyaetsya 1000 buferov.
Vy mozhete takzhe ispol'zovat' backend opciyu -S dlya uvelicheniya
maksimal'nogo kolichestva pamyati, kotoroe ispol'zuetsya backend
processom dlya vremennyh sortirovok. Znachenie dlya opcii -S zadaetsya
v kilobajtah i po umolchaniyu ravno 512 (t.e. 512K).
Vy mozhete takzhe ispol'zovat' backend opcii sort_mem i work_mem dlya
uvelicheniya maksimal'nogo kolichestva pamyati, kotoroe ispol'zuetsya
backend processom dlya vremennyh sortirovok. Znachenie po umolchaniyu
sostavlyaet 1024 (t.e. 1MB).
Vy takzhe mozhete ispol'zovat' komandu CLUSTER dlya gruppirovki dannyh
v tablicah na sovpadayuschij indeks. Podrobnosti smotrite na stranice
......@@ -623,10 +628,13 @@
blokirovok/backend ne mogut byt' vosproizvedeny.
Esli postmaster zapuschen, zapustite psql v odnom okne, zatem najdite
PID processa postgres, ispol'zuemyj psql. Ispol'zujte otdadchik dlya
podklyucheniya k postgres PID. Vy mozhete ustanovit' tochki
preryvaniya v otladchike i zapustit' zapros iz psql. Esli vy
proizvodite otladku zapuska postgres, vy mozhete ustanovit'
PID processa postgres, ispol'zuemyj psql, ispol'zuya
SELECT pg_backend_pid()
Ispol'zujte otdadchik dlya podklyucheniya k postgres PID. Vy mozhete
ustanovit' tochki preryvaniya v otladchike i zapustit' zapros iz psql.
Esli vy proizvodite otladku zapuska postgres, vy mozhete ustanovit'
PGOPTIONS="-W n", i zatem zapustit' psql. `Eta opciya privodit k
zaderzhke processa zapuska na n sekund, v techenie kotoryh vy mozhete
podklyuchit' k processu otladchik, ustanovit' lyubye tochki
......@@ -893,7 +901,16 @@ a
* Poisk nezavisimyj ot registra, takoj kak ILIKE i ~* ne ispol'zuet
indeksy. Vmesto nego, ispol'zujte funkcional'nye indeksy, kotorye
opisyvayutsya v sekcii 4.12.
* Vo vremya initdb dolzhna ispol'zovat'sya lokal' po umolchaniyu C.
* Vo vremya initdb dolzhna ispol'zovat'sya lokal' po umolchaniyu C,
potomu chto ne suschestvuet vozmozhnosti uznat' next-greater
simvol dlya ne-C lokali. Vy mozhete dlya takih sluchaev sozdat'
special'nyj indeks
text_pattern_ops
kotoryj rabotaet tol'ko dlya
LIKE
indeksirovaniya.
V vypuskah do versii 8.0, indeksy chasto nel'zya bylo ispol'zovat',
esli tipy dannyh tochno ne sovpadali s indeksnymi tipami kolonok. `Eto
......@@ -1251,17 +1268,7 @@ CREATE TABLE test (x int, modtime timestamp DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP );
EXECUTE dlya dostupa k vremennym tablicam v PL/PgSQL. Ispol'zovanie
`etogo operatora zastavit zapros peregenerirovat'sya kazhdyj raz.
4.27) Kakie opcii replikacii suschestvuyut?
Est' neskol'ko opcij dlya replikacii tipa master/slave. Oni dopuskayut
ispol'zovanie tol'ko master servera dlya vneseniya izmenenij v bazu
dannyh, a slave servery prosto pozvolyayut chitat' dannye iz bazy. Ob
`etom chitajte zdes':
http://gborg.PostgreSQL.org/genpage?replication_research. O replikacii
s neskol'kimi master serverami chitajte zdes':
http://gborg.PostgreSQL.org/project/pgreplication/projdisplay.php.
4.28) Kakie opcii shifrovaniya suschestvuyut?
4.27) Kakie opcii shifrovaniya suschestvuyut?
* contrib/pgcrypto soderzhit mnogo funkcij shifrovaniya dlya
ispol'zovaniya v SQL zaprosah.
......
doc/src/FAQ/FAQ_russian.html
View file @ 248d92dd
......@@ -12,13 +12,13 @@
<BODY bgcolor="#ffffff" text="#000000" link="#ff0000" vlink="#a00000" alink="#0000ff">
<H1> PostgreSQL</H1>
<P> : 31 23:28:03 EDT 2004</P>
<P> : 15 20:06:34 EST 2004</P>
<P> : (Bruce Momjian) (<A href=
"mailto:pgman@candle.pha.pa.us">pgman@candle.pha.pa.us</A>)<BR>
</P>
<P> : (<A href=
"mailto:pgman@candle.pha.pa.us">corochoone@perm.ru</A>)<BR>
"mailto:corochoone@perm.ru">corochoone@perm.ru</A>)<BR>
</P>
<P>
......@@ -139,8 +139,7 @@
<A href="#4.25">4.25</A>) ?<BR>
<A href="#4.26">4.26</A>) /
PL/PgSQL?<BR>
<A href="#4.27">4.27</A>) ?<BR>
<A href="#4.28">4.28</A>) ?<BR>
<A href="#4.27">4.27</A>) ?<BR>
<H2 align="center"> PostgreSQL</H2>
<A href="#5.1">5.1</A>) .
......@@ -201,8 +200,9 @@
<P> PostgreSQL</P>
<P>Portions Copyright (c) 1996-2005, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
Portions Copyright (c) 1994-6 Regents of the University of California</P>
<P>Portions copyright (c) 1996-2004, PostgreSQL Global Development
Group Portions Copyright (c) 1994-6 Regents of the University of
California</P>
<P> , ,
......@@ -244,7 +244,9 @@
Microsoft Windows, NT,
Win2000, WinXP Win2003.
<A href="http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller">
http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller</A>.</P>
http://pgfoundry.org/projects/pginstaller</A>. Windows,
MS-DOS (Win95, Win98, WinMe)
PostgreSQL Cygwin.</P>
<P> Novell Netware 6
<a href="http://forge.novell.com/">http://forge.novell.com</a>.</P>
......@@ -307,17 +309,20 @@
<A href="http://www.PostgreSQL.org">http://www.PostgreSQL.org</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P> IRC Freenode EFNet,
<I>#PostgreSQL</I>. Unix
<CODE>irc -c '#PostgreSQL' "$USER" irc.phoenix.net.</CODE>
<CODE>irc -c '#PostgreSQL' "$USER" irc.freenode.net.</CODE></P>
<P> IRC <I>#postgreql</I>,
Freenode (<I>irc.freenode.net</I>).
, Unix
<code>irc -c '#postgresql' "$USER" irc.freenode.net</code>
IRC .
(<I>#postgresql-es</I>) (<I>#postgresqlfr</I>)
. PostgreSQL EFNet.</P>
<P>
<A href="http://techdocs.postgresql.org/companies.php">http://techdocs.postgresql.org/companies.php</A>.</P>
<H4><A name="1.7">1.7</A>) ?</H4>
<P> PostgreSQL - 7.4.5</P>
<P> PostgreSQL - 7.4.6</P>
<P> 6-8 .</P>
......@@ -397,10 +402,8 @@
<H4><A name="1.13">1.13</A>) ??</H4>
<P> PostgreSQL BugTool <A href=
"http://www.postgresql.org/bugs/bugs.php">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/bugs/bugs.php</A>,
.</P>
<P> PostgreSQL,
<A href="http://www.postgresql.org/bugform.html">http://www.postgresql.org/bugform.html</A>.</P>
<P> <A href=
"ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub">ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub</A>
......@@ -428,7 +431,7 @@
<DT><B></B></DT>
<DD>PostgreSQL
<DD>PostgreSQL
, -
, - . MySQL
, , ,
......@@ -555,7 +558,9 @@
<P>, PostgreSQL.
PgAccess (<A href="http://www.pgaccess.org/">http://www.pgaccess.org</A>),
PgAdmin III (<A href="http://www.pgadmin.org/">http://www.pgadmin.org</A>),
RHDB Admin (<A href="http://sources.redhat.com/rhdb/">http://sources.redhat.com/rhdb/</A>)
RHDB Admin (<A href="http://sources.redhat.com/rhdb/">http://sources.redhat.com/rhdb/</A>),
TORA (<A href="http://www.globecom.net/tora/">http://www.globecom.net/tora/
( )</A>
Rekall (<A href="http://www.thekompany.com/products/rekall/">
http://www.thekompany.com/products/rekall/</A>, ).
PhpPgAdmin (<A href="http://phppgadmin.sourceforge.net/">
......@@ -613,8 +618,8 @@
, -
1 .
<A href=
"http://www.postgresql.org/docs/viev.php?version=current&amp;idoc=1&amp;file=kernel-resources.html">
PostgreSQL</A>.</P>
"http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/kernel-resources.html">
PostgreSQL.</A>.</P>
<H4><A name="3.4">3.4</A>) <I>postmaster</I>,
<I>IpcSemaphoreCreate</I>. ?</H4>
......@@ -662,22 +667,24 @@
,
.</P>
<P> .
<P>
<A href="http://www.postgresql.org/docs/current/static/runtime.html">
PostgreSQL</A>.
<I>fsync()</I> <I>postmaster</I> <I>-o -F</I>.
<I>fsync()</I>,
.</P>
<P> <I>postmaster</I> <I>-B</I>
<P> <I>shared_buffers</I> <I>-B</I>
,
backend .
, <I>postmaster</I>
.
8 64 .</P>
8 1000 .</P>
<P> backend <I>-S</I>
, backend
. <I>-S</I>
512 (.. 512K).</P>
<P> backend <I>sort_mem</I>
<I>work_mem</I> ,
backend .
1024 (.. 1MB).</P>
<P> <SMALL>CLUSTER</SMALL>
.
......@@ -723,9 +730,15 @@
<P> <I>postmaster</I> , <I>psql</I>
, <SMALL>PID</SMALL> <I>postgres</I>,
<I>psql</I>.
<I>postgres</I> <SMALL>PID</SMALL>.
<I>psql</I>.
<I>psql</I>, </P>
<PRE>
SELECT pg_backend_pid()
</PRE>
<P> <I>postgres</I> <SMALL>PID</SMALL>.
<I>psql</I>.
<I>postgres</I>,
PGOPTIONS="-W n", <I>psql</I>.
<I>n</I> ,
......@@ -1014,7 +1027,17 @@
<i>~*</i> . ,
, <A href="#4.12">4.12</A>.</LI>
<LI> <i>initdb</i>
<i>C</i>.
<i>C</i>, next-greater
-C .
<PRE>
text_pattern_ops
</PRE>
<PRE>
LIKE
</PRE>
.</LI>
</UL>
</P>
......@@ -1432,17 +1455,7 @@ BYTEA bytea
PL/PgSQL.
.</P>
<H4><A name="4.27">4.27</A>) ?</H4>
<P> master/slave.
master ,
slave .
: <A href="http://gborg.postgresql.org/genpage?replication_research">
http://gborg.PostgreSQL.org/genpage?replication_research</A>.
master :
<a href="http://gborg.postgresql.org/project/pgreplication/projdisplay.php">http://gborg.PostgreSQL.org/project/pgreplication/projdisplay.php</A>.</P>
<h4><a name="4.28">4.28</a>) ?
<h4><a name="4.27">4.27</a>) ?
</h4>
<ul>
<li><i>contrib/pgcrypto</i>
......
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