/*-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 *
 * genfile.c
 *		Functions for direct access to files
 *
 *
 * Copyright (c) 2004-2018, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
 *
 * Author: Andreas Pflug <pgadmin@pse-consulting.de>
 *
 * IDENTIFICATION
 *	  src/backend/utils/adt/genfile.c
 *
 *-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 */
#include "postgres.h"

#include <sys/file.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <dirent.h>

#include "access/htup_details.h"
#include "access/xlog_internal.h"
#include "catalog/pg_authid.h"
#include "catalog/pg_tablespace_d.h"
#include "catalog/pg_type.h"
#include "funcapi.h"
#include "mb/pg_wchar.h"
#include "miscadmin.h"
#include "postmaster/syslogger.h"
#include "storage/fd.h"
#include "utils/builtins.h"
#include "utils/memutils.h"
#include "utils/syscache.h"
#include "utils/timestamp.h"

typedef struct
{
	char	   *location;
	DIR		   *dirdesc;
	bool		include_dot_dirs;
} directory_fctx;


/*
 * Convert a "text" filename argument to C string, and check it's allowable.
 *
 * Filename may be absolute or relative to the DataDir, but we only allow
 * absolute paths that match DataDir or Log_directory.
 *
 * This does a privilege check against the 'pg_read_server_files' role, so
 * this function is really only appropriate for callers who are only checking
 * 'read' access.  Do not use this function if you are looking for a check
 * for 'write' or 'program' access without updating it to access the type
 * of check as an argument and checking the appropriate role membership.
 */
static char *
convert_and_check_filename(text *arg)
{
	char	   *filename;

	filename = text_to_cstring(arg);
	canonicalize_path(filename);	/* filename can change length here */

	/*
	 * Members of the 'pg_read_server_files' role are allowed to access any
	 * files on the server as the PG user, so no need to do any further checks
	 * here.
	 */
	if (is_member_of_role(GetUserId(), DEFAULT_ROLE_READ_SERVER_FILES))
		return filename;

	/* User isn't a member of the default role, so check if it's allowable */
	if (is_absolute_path(filename))
	{
		/* Disallow '/a/b/data/..' */
		if (path_contains_parent_reference(filename))
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
					 (errmsg("reference to parent directory (\"..\") not allowed"))));

		/*
		 * Allow absolute paths if within DataDir or Log_directory, even
		 * though Log_directory might be outside DataDir.
		 */
		if (!path_is_prefix_of_path(DataDir, filename) &&
			(!is_absolute_path(Log_directory) ||
			 !path_is_prefix_of_path(Log_directory, filename)))
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
					 (errmsg("absolute path not allowed"))));
	}
	else if (!path_is_relative_and_below_cwd(filename))
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
				 (errmsg("path must be in or below the current directory"))));

	return filename;
}


/*
 * Read a section of a file, returning it as bytea
 *
 * Caller is responsible for all permissions checking.
 *
 * We read the whole of the file when bytes_to_read is negative.
 */
static bytea *
read_binary_file(const char *filename, int64 seek_offset, int64 bytes_to_read,
				 bool missing_ok)
{
	bytea	   *buf;
	size_t		nbytes;
	FILE	   *file;

	if (bytes_to_read < 0)
	{
		if (seek_offset < 0)
			bytes_to_read = -seek_offset;
		else
		{
			struct stat fst;

			if (stat(filename, &fst) < 0)
			{
				if (missing_ok && errno == ENOENT)
					return NULL;
				else
					ereport(ERROR,
							(errcode_for_file_access(),
							 errmsg("could not stat file \"%s\": %m", filename)));
			}

			bytes_to_read = fst.st_size - seek_offset;
		}
	}

	/* not sure why anyone thought that int64 length was a good idea */
	if (bytes_to_read > (MaxAllocSize - VARHDRSZ))
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
				 errmsg("requested length too large")));

	if ((file = AllocateFile(filename, PG_BINARY_R)) == NULL)
	{
		if (missing_ok && errno == ENOENT)
			return NULL;
		else
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode_for_file_access(),
					 errmsg("could not open file \"%s\" for reading: %m",
							filename)));
	}

	if (fseeko(file, (off_t) seek_offset,
			   (seek_offset >= 0) ? SEEK_SET : SEEK_END) != 0)
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode_for_file_access(),
				 errmsg("could not seek in file \"%s\": %m", filename)));

	buf = (bytea *) palloc((Size) bytes_to_read + VARHDRSZ);

	nbytes = fread(VARDATA(buf), 1, (size_t) bytes_to_read, file);

	if (ferror(file))
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode_for_file_access(),
				 errmsg("could not read file \"%s\": %m", filename)));

	SET_VARSIZE(buf, nbytes + VARHDRSZ);

	FreeFile(file);

	return buf;
}

/*
 * Similar to read_binary_file, but we verify that the contents are valid
 * in the database encoding.
 */
static text *
read_text_file(const char *filename, int64 seek_offset, int64 bytes_to_read,
			   bool missing_ok)
{
	bytea	   *buf;

	buf = read_binary_file(filename, seek_offset, bytes_to_read, missing_ok);

	if (buf != NULL)
	{
		/* Make sure the input is valid */
		pg_verifymbstr(VARDATA(buf), VARSIZE(buf) - VARHDRSZ, false);

		/* OK, we can cast it to text safely */
		return (text *) buf;
	}
	else
		return NULL;
}

/*
 * Read a section of a file, returning it as text
 *
 * This function is kept to support adminpack 1.0.
 */
Datum
pg_read_file(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	text	   *filename_t = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
	int64		seek_offset = 0;
	int64		bytes_to_read = -1;
	bool		missing_ok = false;
	char	   *filename;
	text	   *result;

	if (!superuser())
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_INSUFFICIENT_PRIVILEGE),
				 (errmsg("must be superuser to read files with adminpack 1.0"),
				  errhint("Consider using pg_file_read(), which is part of core, instead."))));

	/* handle optional arguments */
	if (PG_NARGS() >= 3)
	{
		seek_offset = PG_GETARG_INT64(1);
		bytes_to_read = PG_GETARG_INT64(2);

		if (bytes_to_read < 0)
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
					 errmsg("requested length cannot be negative")));
	}
	if (PG_NARGS() >= 4)
		missing_ok = PG_GETARG_BOOL(3);

	filename = convert_and_check_filename(filename_t);

	result = read_text_file(filename, seek_offset, bytes_to_read, missing_ok);
	if (result)
		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
	else
		PG_RETURN_NULL();
}

/*
 * Read a section of a file, returning it as text
 *
 * No superuser check done here- instead privileges are handled by the
 * GRANT system.
 */
Datum
pg_read_file_v2(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	text	   *filename_t = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
	int64		seek_offset = 0;
	int64		bytes_to_read = -1;
	bool		missing_ok = false;
	char	   *filename;
	text	   *result;

	/* handle optional arguments */
	if (PG_NARGS() >= 3)
	{
		seek_offset = PG_GETARG_INT64(1);
		bytes_to_read = PG_GETARG_INT64(2);

		if (bytes_to_read < 0)
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
					 errmsg("requested length cannot be negative")));
	}
	if (PG_NARGS() >= 4)
		missing_ok = PG_GETARG_BOOL(3);

	filename = convert_and_check_filename(filename_t);

	result = read_text_file(filename, seek_offset, bytes_to_read, missing_ok);
	if (result)
		PG_RETURN_TEXT_P(result);
	else
		PG_RETURN_NULL();
}

/*
 * Read a section of a file, returning it as bytea
 */
Datum
pg_read_binary_file(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	text	   *filename_t = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
	int64		seek_offset = 0;
	int64		bytes_to_read = -1;
	bool		missing_ok = false;
	char	   *filename;
	bytea	   *result;

	/* handle optional arguments */
	if (PG_NARGS() >= 3)
	{
		seek_offset = PG_GETARG_INT64(1);
		bytes_to_read = PG_GETARG_INT64(2);

		if (bytes_to_read < 0)
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode(ERRCODE_INVALID_PARAMETER_VALUE),
					 errmsg("requested length cannot be negative")));
	}
	if (PG_NARGS() >= 4)
		missing_ok = PG_GETARG_BOOL(3);

	filename = convert_and_check_filename(filename_t);

	result = read_binary_file(filename, seek_offset,
							  bytes_to_read, missing_ok);
	if (result)
		PG_RETURN_BYTEA_P(result);
	else
		PG_RETURN_NULL();
}


/*
 * Wrapper functions for the 1 and 3 argument variants of pg_read_file_v2()
 * and pg_binary_read_file().
 *
 * These are necessary to pass the sanity check in opr_sanity, which checks
 * that all built-in functions that share the implementing C function take
 * the same number of arguments.
 */
Datum
pg_read_file_off_len(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	return pg_read_file_v2(fcinfo);
}

Datum
pg_read_file_all(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	return pg_read_file_v2(fcinfo);
}

Datum
pg_read_binary_file_off_len(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	return pg_read_binary_file(fcinfo);
}

Datum
pg_read_binary_file_all(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	return pg_read_binary_file(fcinfo);
}

/*
 * stat a file
 */
Datum
pg_stat_file(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	text	   *filename_t = PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0);
	char	   *filename;
	struct stat fst;
	Datum		values[6];
	bool		isnull[6];
	HeapTuple	tuple;
	TupleDesc	tupdesc;
	bool		missing_ok = false;

	/* check the optional argument */
	if (PG_NARGS() == 2)
		missing_ok = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);

	filename = convert_and_check_filename(filename_t);

	if (stat(filename, &fst) < 0)
	{
		if (missing_ok && errno == ENOENT)
			PG_RETURN_NULL();
		else
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode_for_file_access(),
					 errmsg("could not stat file \"%s\": %m", filename)));
	}

	/*
	 * This record type had better match the output parameters declared for me
	 * in pg_proc.h.
	 */
	tupdesc = CreateTemplateTupleDesc(6, false);
	TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, (AttrNumber) 1,
					   "size", INT8OID, -1, 0);
	TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, (AttrNumber) 2,
					   "access", TIMESTAMPTZOID, -1, 0);
	TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, (AttrNumber) 3,
					   "modification", TIMESTAMPTZOID, -1, 0);
	TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, (AttrNumber) 4,
					   "change", TIMESTAMPTZOID, -1, 0);
	TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, (AttrNumber) 5,
					   "creation", TIMESTAMPTZOID, -1, 0);
	TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, (AttrNumber) 6,
					   "isdir", BOOLOID, -1, 0);
	BlessTupleDesc(tupdesc);

	memset(isnull, false, sizeof(isnull));

	values[0] = Int64GetDatum((int64) fst.st_size);
	values[1] = TimestampTzGetDatum(time_t_to_timestamptz(fst.st_atime));
	values[2] = TimestampTzGetDatum(time_t_to_timestamptz(fst.st_mtime));
	/* Unix has file status change time, while Win32 has creation time */
#if !defined(WIN32) && !defined(__CYGWIN__)
	values[3] = TimestampTzGetDatum(time_t_to_timestamptz(fst.st_ctime));
	isnull[4] = true;
#else
	isnull[3] = true;
	values[4] = TimestampTzGetDatum(time_t_to_timestamptz(fst.st_ctime));
#endif
	values[5] = BoolGetDatum(S_ISDIR(fst.st_mode));

	tuple = heap_form_tuple(tupdesc, values, isnull);

	pfree(filename);

	PG_RETURN_DATUM(HeapTupleGetDatum(tuple));
}

/*
 * stat a file (1 argument version)
 *
 * note: this wrapper is necessary to pass the sanity check in opr_sanity,
 * which checks that all built-in functions that share the implementing C
 * function take the same number of arguments
 */
Datum
pg_stat_file_1arg(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	return pg_stat_file(fcinfo);
}

/*
 * List a directory (returns the filenames only)
 */
Datum
pg_ls_dir(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	FuncCallContext *funcctx;
	struct dirent *de;
	directory_fctx *fctx;
	MemoryContext oldcontext;

	if (SRF_IS_FIRSTCALL())
	{
		bool		missing_ok = false;
		bool		include_dot_dirs = false;

		/* check the optional arguments */
		if (PG_NARGS() == 3)
		{
			if (!PG_ARGISNULL(1))
				missing_ok = PG_GETARG_BOOL(1);
			if (!PG_ARGISNULL(2))
				include_dot_dirs = PG_GETARG_BOOL(2);
		}

		funcctx = SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT();
		oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(funcctx->multi_call_memory_ctx);

		fctx = palloc(sizeof(directory_fctx));
		fctx->location = convert_and_check_filename(PG_GETARG_TEXT_PP(0));

		fctx->include_dot_dirs = include_dot_dirs;
		fctx->dirdesc = AllocateDir(fctx->location);

		if (!fctx->dirdesc)
		{
			if (missing_ok && errno == ENOENT)
			{
				MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
				SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
			}
			else
				ereport(ERROR,
						(errcode_for_file_access(),
						 errmsg("could not open directory \"%s\": %m",
								fctx->location)));
		}
		funcctx->user_fctx = fctx;
		MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
	}

	funcctx = SRF_PERCALL_SETUP();
	fctx = (directory_fctx *) funcctx->user_fctx;

	while ((de = ReadDir(fctx->dirdesc, fctx->location)) != NULL)
	{
		if (!fctx->include_dot_dirs &&
			(strcmp(de->d_name, ".") == 0 ||
			 strcmp(de->d_name, "..") == 0))
			continue;

		SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, CStringGetTextDatum(de->d_name));
	}

	FreeDir(fctx->dirdesc);

	SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
}

/*
 * List a directory (1 argument version)
 *
 * note: this wrapper is necessary to pass the sanity check in opr_sanity,
 * which checks that all built-in functions that share the implementing C
 * function take the same number of arguments.
 */
Datum
pg_ls_dir_1arg(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	return pg_ls_dir(fcinfo);
}

/* Generic function to return a directory listing of files */
static Datum
pg_ls_dir_files(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, const char *dir, bool missing_ok)
{
	FuncCallContext *funcctx;
	struct dirent *de;
	directory_fctx *fctx;

	if (SRF_IS_FIRSTCALL())
	{
		MemoryContext oldcontext;
		TupleDesc	tupdesc;

		funcctx = SRF_FIRSTCALL_INIT();
		oldcontext = MemoryContextSwitchTo(funcctx->multi_call_memory_ctx);

		fctx = palloc(sizeof(directory_fctx));

		tupdesc = CreateTemplateTupleDesc(3, false);
		TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, (AttrNumber) 1, "name",
						   TEXTOID, -1, 0);
		TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, (AttrNumber) 2, "size",
						   INT8OID, -1, 0);
		TupleDescInitEntry(tupdesc, (AttrNumber) 3, "modification",
						   TIMESTAMPTZOID, -1, 0);
		funcctx->tuple_desc = BlessTupleDesc(tupdesc);

		fctx->location = pstrdup(dir);
		fctx->dirdesc = AllocateDir(fctx->location);

		if (!fctx->dirdesc)
		{
			if (missing_ok && errno == ENOENT)
			{
				MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
				SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
			}
			else
				ereport(ERROR,
						(errcode_for_file_access(),
						 errmsg("could not open directory \"%s\": %m",
								fctx->location)));
		}

		funcctx->user_fctx = fctx;
		MemoryContextSwitchTo(oldcontext);
	}

	funcctx = SRF_PERCALL_SETUP();
	fctx = (directory_fctx *) funcctx->user_fctx;

	while ((de = ReadDir(fctx->dirdesc, fctx->location)) != NULL)
	{
		Datum		values[3];
		bool		nulls[3];
		char		path[MAXPGPATH * 2];
		struct stat attrib;
		HeapTuple	tuple;

		/* Skip hidden files */
		if (de->d_name[0] == '.')
			continue;

		/* Get the file info */
		snprintf(path, sizeof(path), "%s/%s", fctx->location, de->d_name);
		if (stat(path, &attrib) < 0)
			ereport(ERROR,
					(errcode_for_file_access(),
					 errmsg("could not stat directory \"%s\": %m", dir)));

		/* Ignore anything but regular files */
		if (!S_ISREG(attrib.st_mode))
			continue;

		values[0] = CStringGetTextDatum(de->d_name);
		values[1] = Int64GetDatum((int64) attrib.st_size);
		values[2] = TimestampTzGetDatum(time_t_to_timestamptz(attrib.st_mtime));
		memset(nulls, 0, sizeof(nulls));

		tuple = heap_form_tuple(funcctx->tuple_desc, values, nulls);
		SRF_RETURN_NEXT(funcctx, HeapTupleGetDatum(tuple));
	}

	FreeDir(fctx->dirdesc);
	SRF_RETURN_DONE(funcctx);
}

/* Function to return the list of files in the log directory */
Datum
pg_ls_logdir(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	return pg_ls_dir_files(fcinfo, Log_directory, false);
}

/* Function to return the list of files in the WAL directory */
Datum
pg_ls_waldir(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	return pg_ls_dir_files(fcinfo, XLOGDIR, false);
}

/*
 * Generic function to return the list of files in pgsql_tmp
 */
static Datum
pg_ls_tmpdir(FunctionCallInfo fcinfo, Oid tblspc)
{
	char		path[MAXPGPATH];

	if (!SearchSysCacheExists1(TABLESPACEOID, ObjectIdGetDatum(tblspc)))
		ereport(ERROR,
				(errcode(ERRCODE_UNDEFINED_OBJECT),
				 errmsg("tablespace with OID %u does not exist",
						tblspc)));

	TempTablespacePath(path, tblspc);
	return pg_ls_dir_files(fcinfo, path, true);
}

/*
 * Function to return the list of temporary files in the pg_default tablespace's
 * pgsql_tmp directory
 */
Datum
pg_ls_tmpdir_noargs(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	return pg_ls_tmpdir(fcinfo, DEFAULTTABLESPACE_OID);
}

/*
 * Function to return the list of temporary files in the specified tablespace's
 * pgsql_tmp directory
 */
Datum
pg_ls_tmpdir_1arg(PG_FUNCTION_ARGS)
{
	return pg_ls_tmpdir(fcinfo, PG_GETARG_OID(0));
}
