/* $Header: /cvsroot/pgsql/src/interfaces/ecpg/preproc/Attic/preproc.y,v 1.195 2002/07/21 11:09:41 meskes Exp $ */

/* Copyright comment */
%{
#include "postgres_fe.h"

#include "extern.h"

/*
 * Variables containing simple states.
 */
int struct_level = 0;
int braces_open; /* brace level counter */
char	errortext[128];
char	*connection = NULL;
char	*input_filename = NULL;

static int	QueryIsRule = 0, FoundInto = 0;
static int	initializer = 0;
static struct this_type actual_type[STRUCT_DEPTH];
static char *actual_storage[STRUCT_DEPTH];
static char *actual_startline[STRUCT_DEPTH];

/* temporarily store struct members while creating the data structure */
struct ECPGstruct_member *struct_member_list[STRUCT_DEPTH] = { NULL };

/* also store struct type so we can do a sizeof() later */
static char *ECPGstruct_sizeof = NULL;

struct ECPGtype ecpg_no_indicator = {ECPGt_NO_INDICATOR, 0L, NULL, {NULL}};
struct variable no_indicator = {"no_indicator", &ecpg_no_indicator, 0, NULL};

struct ECPGtype ecpg_query = {ECPGt_char_variable, 0L, NULL, {NULL}};

/*
 * Handle parsing errors and warnings
 */
void
mmerror(int error_code, enum errortype type, char * error)
{
	switch(type)
	{
		case ET_WARNING:
			fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: WARNING: %s\n", input_filename, yylineno, error);
			break;
		case ET_ERROR:
			fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: ERROR: %s\n", input_filename, yylineno, error);
			ret_value = error_code;
			break;
		case ET_FATAL:
			fprintf(stderr, "%s:%d: ERROR: %s\n", input_filename, yylineno, error);
			exit(error_code);
	}
}

/*
 * string concatenation
 */

static char *
cat2_str(char *str1, char *str2)
{
	char * res_str	= (char *)mm_alloc(strlen(str1) + strlen(str2) + 2);

	strcpy(res_str, str1);
	strcat(res_str, " ");
	strcat(res_str, str2);
	free(str1);
	free(str2);
	return(res_str);
}

static char *
cat_str(int count, ...)
{
	va_list		args;
	int			i;
	char		*res_str;

	va_start(args, count);

	res_str = va_arg(args, char *);

	/* now add all other strings */
	for (i = 1; i < count; i++)
		res_str = cat2_str(res_str, va_arg(args, char *));

	va_end(args);

	return(res_str);
}

char *
make_str(const char *str)
{
	char * res_str = (char *)mm_alloc(strlen(str) + 1);

	strcpy(res_str, str);
	return res_str;
}

static char *
make2_str(char *str1, char *str2)
{
	char * res_str	= (char *)mm_alloc(strlen(str1) + strlen(str2) + 1);

	strcpy(res_str, str1);
	strcat(res_str, str2);
	free(str1);
	free(str2);
	return(res_str);
}

static char *
make3_str(char *str1, char *str2, char *str3)
{
	char * res_str	= (char *)mm_alloc(strlen(str1) + strlen(str2) +strlen(str3) + 1);

	strcpy(res_str, str1);
	strcat(res_str, str2);
	strcat(res_str, str3);
	free(str1);
	free(str2);
	free(str3);
	return(res_str);
}

static char *
make_name(void)
{
	char * name = (char *)mm_alloc(yyleng + 1);

	strncpy(name, yytext, yyleng);
	name[yyleng] = '\0';
	return(name);
}

%}

%union {
	double	dval;
	int		ival;
	char	*str;
	struct	when		action;
	struct	index		index;
	int		tagname;
	struct	this_type	type;
	enum	ECPGttype	type_enum;
	enum	ECPGdtype	dtype_enum;
	struct	fetch_desc	descriptor;
}

/* special embedded SQL token */
%token	SQL_ALLOCATE SQL_AUTOCOMMIT SQL_BOOL SQL_BREAK
		SQL_CALL SQL_CARDINALITY SQL_CONNECT SQL_CONNECTION
		SQL_CONTINUE SQL_COUNT SQL_CURRENT SQL_DATA
		SQL_DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE
		SQL_DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION SQL_DEALLOCATE
		SQL_DESCRIPTOR SQL_DISCONNECT SQL_ENUM SQL_FOUND
		SQL_FREE SQL_GET SQL_GO SQL_GOTO SQL_IDENTIFIED
		SQL_INDICATOR SQL_KEY_MEMBER SQL_LENGTH
		SQL_LONG SQL_NAME SQL_NULLABLE SQL_OCTET_LENGTH
		SQL_OPEN SQL_PREPARE SQL_RELEASE SQL_REFERENCE
		SQL_RETURNED_LENGTH SQL_RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH SQL_SCALE
		SQL_SECTION SQL_SHORT SQL_SIGNED SQL_SQL SQL_SQLERROR
		SQL_SQLPRINT SQL_SQLWARNING SQL_START SQL_STOP
		SQL_STRUCT SQL_UNSIGNED SQL_VALUE SQL_VAR SQL_WHENEVER

/* C token */
%token	S_ADD S_AND S_ANYTHING S_AUTO S_CONST S_DEC S_DIV
		S_DOTPOINT S_EQUAL S_EXTERN S_INC S_LSHIFT S_MEMPOINT
		S_MEMBER S_MOD S_MUL S_NEQUAL S_OR S_REGISTER S_RSHIFT
		S_STATIC S_SUB S_VOLATILE
		S_TYPEDEF

/* I need this and don't know where it is defined inside the backend */
%token	TYPECAST

/* ordinary key words in alphabetical order */
%token <keyword> ABORT_TRANS, ABSOLUTE, ACCESS, ACTION, ADD, AFTER,
        AGGREGATE, ALL, ALTER, ANALYSE, ANALYZE, AND, ANY, AS, ASC, ASSERTION,
        AT, AUTHORIZATION,

        BACKWARD, BEFORE, BEGIN_TRANS, BETWEEN, BIGINT, BINARY, BIT, BOTH,
        BOOLEAN, BY,

        CACHE, CALLED, CASCADE, CASE, CAST, CHAIN, CHAR_P, CHARACTER,
        CHARACTERISTICS, CHECK, CHECKPOINT, CLOSE, CLUSTER, COALESCE, COLLATE,
        COLUMN, COMMENT, COMMIT, COMMITTED, CONSTRAINT, CONSTRAINTS, COPY,
        CREATE, CREATEDB, CREATEUSER, CROSS, CURRENT_DATE, CURRENT_TIME,
        CURRENT_TIMESTAMP, CURRENT_USER, CURSOR, CYCLE,

        DATABASE, DAY_P, DEC, DECIMAL, DECLARE, DEFAULT, DEFERRABLE, DEFERRED,
        DEFINER, DELETE_P, DELIMITERS, DESC, DISTINCT, DO, DOMAIN_P, DOUBLE, DROP,
        EACH, ELSE, ENCODING, ENCRYPTED, END_TRANS, ESCAPE, EXCEPT, EXCLUSIVE,
        EXECUTE, EXISTS, EXPLAIN, EXTERNAL, EXTRACT,

        FALSE_P, FETCH, FLOAT_P, FOR, FORCE, FOREIGN, FORWARD, FREEZE, FROM,
        FULL, FUNCTION,

	GLOBAL, GRANT, GROUP_P,
        HANDLER, HAVING, HOUR_P,

	ILIKE, IMMEDIATE, IMMUTABLE, IMPLICIT, IN_P, INCREMENT, INDEX, INHERITS,
        INITIALLY, INNER_P, INOUT, INPUT, INSENSITIVE, INSERT, INSTEAD, INT,
        INTEGER, INTERSECT, INTERVAL, INTO, INVOKER, IS, ISNULL, ISOLATION,
			
        JOIN,
        KEY,

	LANCOMPILER, LANGUAGE, LEADING, LEFT, LEVEL, LIKE, LIMIT, LISTEN,
        LOAD, LOCAL, LOCATION, LOCK_P,

	MATCH, MAXVALUE, MINUTE_P, MINVALUE, MODE, MONTH_P, MOVE,

	NAMES, NATIONAL, NATURAL, NCHAR, NEW, NEXT, NO, NOCREATEDB,
        NOCREATEUSER, NONE, NOT, NOTHING, NOTIFY, NOTNULL, NULL_P, NULLIF,
        NUMERIC,

	OF, OFF, OFFSET, OIDS, OLD, ON, ONLY, OPERATOR, OPTION, OR, ORDER,
        OUT_P, OUTER_P, OVERLAPS, OWNER,

	PARTIAL, PASSWORD, PATH_P, PENDANT, POSITION, PRECISION, PRIMARY,
	PRIOR, PRIVILEGES, PROCEDURE, PROCEDURAL,

	READ, REAL, REFERENCES, REINDEX, RELATIVE, RENAME, REPLACE, RESET,
        RESTRICT, RETURNS, REVOKE, RIGHT, ROLLBACK, ROW, RULE,

	SCHEMA, SCROLL, SECOND_P, SECURITY, SELECT, SEQUENCE, SERIALIZABLE,
        SESSION, SESSION_USER, SET, SETOF, SHARE, SHOW, SMALLINT, SOME,
        STABLE, START, STATEMENT, STATISTICS, STDIN, STDOUT, STORAGE, STRICT,
        SUBSTRING, SYSID,

        TABLE, TEMP, TEMPLATE, TEMPORARY, THEN, TIME, TIMESTAMP, TO, TOAST,
        TRAILING, TRANSACTION, TRIGGER, TRIM, TRUE_P, TRUNCATE, TRUSTED, TYPE_P,
        UNENCRYPTED, UNION, UNIQUE, UNKNOWN, UNLISTEN, UNTIL, UPDATE, USAGE,
        USER, USING,

        VACUUM, VALID, VALUES, VARCHAR, VARYING, VERBOSE, VERSION, VIEW, VOLATILE,
	WHEN, WHERE, WITH, WITHOUT, WORK,
        YEAR_P,
        ZONE

/* The grammar thinks these are keywords, but they are not in the keywords.c
 * list and so can never be entered directly.  The filter in parser.c
 * creates these tokens when required.
 */
%token	UNIONJOIN

/* Special keywords, not in the query language - see the "lex" file */
%token <str>	IDENT SCONST Op CSTRING CVARIABLE CPP_LINE IP BITCONST
%token <ival>	ICONST PARAM
%token <dval>	FCONST

/* these are not real. they are here so that they get generated as #define's*/
%token					OP

/* precedence: lowest to highest */
%left		UNION EXCEPT
%left		INTERSECT
%left		JOIN UNIONJOIN CROSS LEFT FULL RIGHT INNER_P NATURAL
%left		OR
%left		AND
%right		NOT
%right		'='
%nonassoc	'<' '>'
%nonassoc	LIKE ILIKE
%nonassoc	ESCAPE
%nonassoc	OVERLAPS
%nonassoc	BETWEEN
%nonassoc	IN_P
%left			POSTFIXOP					/* dummy for postfix Op rules */
%left		Op				/* multi-character ops and user-defined operators */
%nonassoc	NOTNULL
%nonassoc	ISNULL
%nonassoc	IS NULL_P TRUE_P FALSE_P UNKNOWN
%left		'+' '-'
%left		'*' '/' '%'
%left		'^'
/* Unary Operators */
%left		AT ZONE
%right		UMINUS
%left		'[' ']'
%left		'(' ')'
%left		TYPECAST
%left		'.'

%type  <str>	Iconst Fconst Sconst TransactionStmt CreateStmt UserId
%type  <str>	CreateAsElement OptCreateAs CreateAsList CreateAsStmt
%type  <str>	key_reference comment_text ConstraintDeferrabilitySpec
%type  <str>	key_match ColLabel SpecialRuleRelation ColId columnDef
%type  <str>	ColConstraint ColConstraintElem drop_type Bitconst
%type  <str>	OptTableElementList OptTableElement TableConstraint
%type  <str>	ConstraintElem key_actions ColQualList type_name DropSchemaStmt
%type  <str>	target_list target_el update_target_list alias_clause
%type  <str>	update_target_el opt_id qualified_name database_name
%type  <str>	access_method attr_name index_name name func_name
%type  <str>	file_name AexprConst c_expr ConstTypename var_list
%type  <str>	in_expr_nodes a_expr b_expr TruncateStmt CommentStmt
%type  <str>	opt_indirection expr_list extract_list extract_arg
%type  <str>	position_list substr_list substr_from alter_column_default
%type  <str>	trim_list in_expr substr_for attrs drop_behavior
%type  <str>	Typename SimpleTypename Generic Numeric opt_float opt_numeric
%type  <str>	opt_decimal Character character opt_varying opt_charset
%type  <str>	opt_collate opt_timezone opt_interval table_ref
%type  <str>	row_expr row_descriptor row_list ConstDatetime opt_chain
%type  <str>	SelectStmt into_clause OptTemp ConstraintAttributeSpec
%type  <str>	opt_table opt_all sort_clause sortby_list ConstraintAttr
%type  <str>	sortby OptUseOp qualified_name_list name_list ColId_or_Sconst
%type  <str>	group_clause having_clause from_clause opt_distinct
%type  <str>	join_outer where_clause relation_expr sub_type opt_arg
%type  <str>	opt_column_list insert_rest InsertStmt OptimizableStmt
%type  <str>	columnList DeleteStmt LockStmt UpdateStmt CursorStmt
%type  <str>	NotifyStmt columnElem copy_dirn UnlistenStmt copy_null
%type  <str>	copy_delimiter ListenStmt CopyStmt copy_file_name opt_binary
%type  <str>	opt_with_copy FetchStmt direction fetch_how_many from_in
%type  <str>	ClosePortalStmt DropStmt VacuumStmt AnalyzeStmt opt_verbose
%type  <str>	opt_full func_arg OptWithOids opt_freeze opt_ecpg_into
%type  <str>	analyze_keyword opt_name_list ExplainStmt index_params
%type  <str>	index_list func_index index_elem opt_class access_method_clause
%type  <str>	index_opt_unique IndexStmt func_return ConstInterval
%type  <str>	func_args_list func_args opt_with def_arg
%type  <str>	def_elem def_list definition DefineStmt select_with_parens
%type  <str>	opt_instead event RuleActionList opt_using CreateAssertStmt
%type  <str>	RuleActionStmtOrEmpty RuleActionMulti func_as reindex_type
%type  <str>	RuleStmt opt_column opt_name oper_argtypes NumConst
%type  <str>	MathOp RemoveFuncStmt aggr_argtype for_update_clause
%type  <str>	RemoveAggrStmt opt_procedural select_no_parens
%type  <str>	RemoveOperStmt RenameStmt all_Op opt_Trusted opt_lancompiler
%type  <str>	VariableSetStmt var_value zone_value VariableShowStmt
%type  <str>	VariableResetStmt AlterTableStmt from_list
%type  <str>	opt_trans user_list OptUserList OptUserElem relation_name
%type  <str>	CreateUserStmt AlterUserStmt CreateSeqStmt OptSeqList
%type  <str>	OptSeqElem TriggerForSpec TriggerForOpt TriggerForType
%type  <str>	DropTrigStmt TriggerOneEvent TriggerEvents RuleActionStmt
%type  <str>	TriggerActionTime CreateTrigStmt DropPLangStmt
%type  <str>	CreatePLangStmt TriggerFuncArgs TriggerFuncArg simple_select
%type  <str>	ViewStmt LoadStmt CreatedbStmt createdb_opt_item
%type  <str>	createdb_opt_list opt_encoding OptInherit opt_equal
%type  <str>	AlterUserSetStmt privilege_list privilege privilege_target
%type  <str>	opt_grant_grant_option opt_revoke_grant_option
%type  <str>	function_with_argtypes_list function_with_argtypes
%type  <str>	DropdbStmt ClusterStmt grantee RevokeStmt Bit 
%type  <str>	GrantStmt privileges PosAllConst constraints_set_list
%type  <str>	opt_cursor ConstraintsSetStmt AllConst CreateDomainStmt
%type  <str>	case_expr when_clause_list case_default case_arg when_clause
%type  <str>	select_clause opt_select_limit select_limit_value
%type  <str>	ConstraintTimeSpec AlterDatabaseSetStmt DropAssertStmt
%type  <str>	select_offset_value ReindexStmt join_type opt_boolean
%type  <str>	join_qual update_list AlterSchemaStmt joined_table
%type  <str>	opt_level opt_lock lock_type OptGroupList OptGroupElem
%type  <str>	OptConstrFromTable OptTempTableName StringConst
%type  <str>	constraints_set_mode comment_type opt_empty_parentheses
%type  <str>	CreateGroupStmt AlterGroupStmt DropGroupStmt key_delete
%type  <str>	opt_force key_update CreateSchemaStmt PosIntStringConst
%type  <str>	IntConst PosIntConst grantee_list func_type opt_or_replace
%type  <str>	select_limit opt_for_update_clause CheckPointStmt
%type  <str>	OptSchemaName OptSchemaEltList schema_stmt opt_drop_behavior
%type  <str>	handler_name any_name_list any_name opt_as insert_column_list
%type  <str>	columnref dotted_name function_name insert_target_el
%type  <str>	insert_target_list insert_column_item DropRuleStmt
%type  <str>	createfunc_opt_item set_rest var_list_or_default
%type  <str>	CreateFunctionStmt createfunc_opt_list func_table
%type  <str>	DropUserStmt 

%type  <str>	ECPGWhenever ECPGConnect connection_target ECPGOpen
%type  <str>	indicator ECPGExecute ECPGPrepare ecpg_using ecpg_into
%type  <str>	storage_clause opt_initializer c_anything 
%type  <str>	variable_list variable c_thing c_term
%type  <str>	opt_pointer ECPGDisconnect dis_name storage_modifier
%type  <str>	stmt ECPGRelease execstring server_name
%type  <str>	connection_object opt_server opt_port c_stuff c_stuff_item
%type  <str>	user_name opt_user char_variable ora_user ident opt_reference
%type  <str>	quoted_ident_stringvar var_type_declarations
%type  <str>	db_prefix server opt_options opt_connection_name c_list
%type  <str>	ECPGSetConnection ECPGTypedef c_args ECPGKeywords
%type  <str>	enum_type civar civarind ECPGCursorStmt ECPGDeallocate
%type  <str>	ECPGFree ECPGDeclare ECPGVar opt_at enum_definition
%type  <str>	struct_type s_struct vt_declarations variable_declarations
%type  <str>	var_declaration type_declaration 
%type  <str>	s_union union_type ECPGSetAutocommit on_off
%type  <str>	ECPGAllocateDescr ECPGDeallocateDescr symbol opt_symbol
%type  <str>	ECPGGetDescriptorHeader ECPGColLabel
%type  <str>	reserved_keyword unreserved_keyword
%type  <str>	col_name_keyword func_name_keyword
%type  <str>	ECPGTypeName variablelist

%type  <descriptor> ECPGGetDescriptor

%type  <type_enum> simple_type signed_type unsigned_type

%type  <dtype_enum> descriptor_item desc_header_item

%type  <type>	type

%type  <action> action

%type  <index>	opt_array_bounds opt_type_array_bounds

%type  <ival>	Iresult
%%
prog: statements;

statements: /*EMPTY*/
		| statements statement
		;

statement: ecpgstart opt_at stmt ';'	{ connection = NULL; }
		| ecpgstart stmt ';'
		| ECPGDeclaration
		| c_thing		{ fprintf(yyout, "%s", $1); free($1); }
		| CPP_LINE		{ fprintf(yyout, "%s", $1); free($1); }
		| '{'			{ braces_open++; fputs("{", yyout); }
		| '}'			{ remove_variables(braces_open--); fputs("}", yyout); }
		;

opt_at: AT connection_target
		{
			connection = $2;
			/*
			 *	if we have a variable as connection
			 *	target, remove it from the variable
			 *	list or else it will be used twice
			 */
			if (argsinsert != NULL)
				argsinsert = NULL;
		};

stmt:  AlterDatabaseSetStmt { output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| AlterGroupStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| AlterSchemaStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| AlterTableStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| AlterUserStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| AlterUserSetStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| ClosePortalStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CommentStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CopyStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CreateStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CreateAsStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CreateDomainStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CreateFunctionStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CreateSchemaStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CreateGroupStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CreateSeqStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CreatePLangStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CreateAssertStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CreateTrigStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CreateUserStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| ClusterStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| DefineStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| DropStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| DropSchemaStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| TruncateStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| DropGroupStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| DropPLangStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| DropAssertStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| DropTrigStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| DropRuleStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| DropUserStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| ExplainStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| FetchStmt		{ output_statement($1, 1, connection); }
		| GrantStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| IndexStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| ListenStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| UnlistenStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| LockStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| NotifyStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| ReindexStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| RemoveAggrStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| RemoveOperStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| RemoveFuncStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| RenameStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| RevokeStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| OptimizableStmt
		{
			if (strncmp($1, "/* " , sizeof("/* ")-1) == 0)
				output_simple_statement($1);
			else
				output_statement($1, 1, connection);
		}
		| RuleStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| TransactionStmt
		{
			fprintf(yyout, "{ ECPGtrans(__LINE__, %s, \"%s\");", connection ? connection : "NULL", $1);
			whenever_action(2);
			free($1);
		}
		| ViewStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| LoadStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CreatedbStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| DropdbStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| VacuumStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| AnalyzeStmt		{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| VariableSetStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| VariableShowStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| VariableResetStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| ConstraintsSetStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| CheckPointStmt	{ output_statement($1, 0, connection); }
		| ECPGAllocateDescr
		{
			fprintf(yyout,"ECPGallocate_desc(__LINE__, %s);",$1);
			whenever_action(0);
			free($1);
		}
		| ECPGConnect
		{
			if (connection)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "no at option for connect statement.\n");

			fprintf(yyout, "{ ECPGconnect(__LINE__, %s, %d); ", $1, autocommit);
			reset_variables();
			whenever_action(2);
			free($1);
		}
		| ECPGCursorStmt
		{
			output_simple_statement($1);
		}
		| ECPGDeallocate
		{
			if (connection)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "no at option for connect statement.\n");

			fputc('{', yyout);
			fputs($1, yyout);
			whenever_action(2);
			free($1);
		}
		| ECPGDeallocateDescr
		{
			fprintf(yyout,"ECPGdeallocate_desc(__LINE__, %s);",$1);
			whenever_action(0);
			free($1);
		}
		| ECPGDeclare
		{
			output_simple_statement($1);
		}
		| ECPGDisconnect
		{
			if (connection)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "no at option for disconnect statement.\n");

			fprintf(yyout, "{ ECPGdisconnect(__LINE__, %s);", $1);
			whenever_action(2);
			free($1);
		}
		| ECPGExecute
		{
			output_statement($1, 0, connection);
		}
		| ECPGFree
		{
			fprintf(yyout, "{ ECPGdeallocate(__LINE__, \"%s\");", $1);

			whenever_action(2);
			free($1);
		}
		| ECPGGetDescriptor
		{
			lookup_descriptor($1.name, connection);
			output_get_descr($1.name, $1.str);
			free($1.name);
			free($1.str);
		}
		| ECPGGetDescriptorHeader
		{
			lookup_descriptor($1, connection);
			output_get_descr_header($1);
			free($1);
		}
		| ECPGOpen
		{
			struct cursor *ptr;
			struct arguments *p;

			for (ptr = cur; ptr != NULL; ptr=ptr->next)
			{
				if (strcmp(ptr->name, $1) == 0)
					break;
			}

			if (ptr == NULL)
			{
				sprintf(errortext, "trying to open undeclared cursor %s\n", $1);
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
			}

			/* merge variables given in prepare statement with those given here */
			for (p = ptr->argsinsert; p; p = p->next)
				append_variable(&argsinsert, p->variable, p->indicator);

			for (p = ptr->argsresult; p; p = p->next)
				add_variable(&argsresult, p->variable, p->indicator);

			output_statement(mm_strdup(ptr->command), 0, ptr->connection ? mm_strdup(ptr->connection) : NULL);
		}
		| ECPGPrepare
		{
			if (connection)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "no at option for set connection statement.\n");

			fprintf(yyout, "{ ECPGprepare(__LINE__, %s);", $1);
			whenever_action(2);
			free($1);
		}
		| ECPGRelease		{ /* output already done */ }
		| ECPGSetAutocommit
		{
			fprintf(yyout, "{ ECPGsetcommit(__LINE__, \"%s\", %s);", $1, connection ? connection : "NULL");
			whenever_action(2);
			free($1);
		}
		| ECPGSetConnection
		{
			if (connection)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "no at option for set connection statement.\n");

			fprintf(yyout, "{ ECPGsetconn(__LINE__, %s);", $1);
			whenever_action(2);
			free($1);
		}
		| ECPGTypedef
		{
			if (connection)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "no at option for typedef statement.\n");

			fprintf(yyout, "%s", $1);
			free($1);
			output_line_number();
		}
		| ECPGVar
		{
			if (connection)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "no at option for var statement.\n");

			output_simple_statement($1);
		}
		| ECPGWhenever
		{
			if (connection)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "no at option for whenever statement.\n");

			output_simple_statement($1);
		}
		;


/*
 * We start with a lot of stuff that's very similar to the backend's parsing
 */

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 * Create a new Postgres DBMS user
 *
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

CreateUserStmt: CREATE USER UserId OptUserList
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("create user"), $3, $4); }
		| CREATE USER UserId WITH OptUserList
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("create user"), $3, make_str("with"), $5); }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 * Alter a postgresql DBMS user
 *
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

AlterUserStmt: ALTER USER UserId OptUserList
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("alter user"), $3, $4); }
		| ALTER USER UserId WITH OptUserList
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("alter user"), $3, make_str("with"), $5); }
		;

AlterUserSetStmt: ALTER USER UserId SET set_rest 
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("alter user"), $3, make_str("set"), $5); }
		| ALTER USER UserId VariableResetStmt
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("alter user"), $3, $4); }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 * Drop a postgresql DBMS user
 *
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
DropUserStmt:  DROP USER user_list
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("drop user"), $3);}
		;
/*
 * Options for CREATE USER and ALTER USER
 */

OptUserList: OptUserList OptUserElem	{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| /* EMPTY */					{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

OptUserElem:  PASSWORD Sconst
		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("password"), $2); }
		| SYSID Iconst
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("sysid"), $2); }
		| CREATEDB
			{ $$ = make_str("createdb"); }
		| NOCREATEDB
			{ $$ = make_str("nocreatedb"); }
		| CREATEUSER
			{ $$ = make_str("createuser"); }
		| NOCREATEUSER
			{ $$ = make_str("nocreateuser"); }
		| IN_P GROUP_P user_list
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("in group"), $3); }
		| VALID UNTIL Sconst
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("valid until"), $3); }
		;

user_list:	user_list ',' UserId	
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		| UserId	
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 * Create a postgresql group
 *
 *
 ****************************************************************************/
CreateGroupStmt:  CREATE GROUP_P UserId OptGroupList
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("create group"), $3, $4); }
		| CREATE GROUP_P UserId WITH OptGroupList
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("create group"), $3, make_str("with"), $5); }
		;

/*
 * Options for CREATE GROUP
 */
OptGroupList: OptGroupList OptGroupElem		{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| /* EMPTY */						{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

OptGroupElem:  USER user_list
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("user"), $2); }
		| SYSID Iconst
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("sysid"), $2); }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 * Alter a postgresql group
 *
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
AlterGroupStmt: ALTER GROUP_P UserId ADD USER user_list
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("alter group"), $3, make_str("add user"), $6); }
		| ALTER GROUP_P UserId DROP USER user_list
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("alter group"), $3, make_str("drop user"), $6); }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 * Drop a postgresql group
 *
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
DropGroupStmt: DROP GROUP_P UserId
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("drop group"), $3); }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 * Manipulate a schema
 *
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

CreateSchemaStmt:  CREATE SCHEMA UserId OptSchemaName AUTHORIZATION UserId OptSchemaEltList
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, make_str("create scheme"), $3, $4, make_str("authorization"), $6, $7); }
		| CREATE SCHEMA ColId OptSchemaEltList
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("create scheme"), $3, $4); }
		;

AlterSchemaStmt:  ALTER SCHEMA ColId
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("alter scheme"), $3); }
		;

DropSchemaStmt:  DROP SCHEMA ColId
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("drop scheme"), $3); }
		;

OptSchemaName: ColId		{ $$ = $1; }
               | /* EMPTY */   { $$ = EMPTY; }
	       ;

OptSchemaEltList: OptSchemaEltList schema_stmt         { $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| /* EMPTY */   { $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

/*
 *     schema_stmt are the ones that can show up inside a CREATE SCHEMA
 *     statement (in addition to by themselves).
 */
schema_stmt: CreateStmt		{ $$ = $1; }
               | GrantStmt	{ $$ = $1; }
               | ViewStmt	{ $$ = $1; }
               ;



/*****************************************************************************
 *
 * Set PG internal variable
 *	  SET name TO 'var_value'
 * Include SQL92 syntax (thomas 1997-10-22):
 *	  SET TIME ZONE 'var_value'
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
VariableSetStmt:  SET set_rest
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("set"), $2 ); }
		| SET LOCAL set_rest
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("set local"), $3 ); }
		| SET SESSION set_rest
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("set session"), $3 ); }
		;

set_rest:	ColId TO var_list_or_default
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("to"), $3); }
		| ColId "=" var_list_or_default
                        { $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("="), $3); }
		| TIME ZONE zone_value
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("time zone"), $3); }
		| TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL opt_level
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("transaction isolation level"), $4); }
		| SESSION CHARACTERISTICS AS TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL opt_level
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("session characteristics as transaction isolation level"), $7); }
		| NAMES opt_encoding
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("names"), $2); }
		| SESSION AUTHORIZATION ColId_or_Sconst
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("session authorization"), $3); }
		| SESSION AUTHORIZATION DEFAULT 
			{ $$ = make_str("session authorization default"); }
		;

var_list_or_default:  var_list
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| DEFAULT
			{ $$ = make_str("default"); }
		;

var_list:  var_value
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| var_list ',' var_value
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;
		
opt_level:	READ COMMITTED	{ $$ = make_str("read committed"); }
		| SERIALIZABLE		{ $$ = make_str("serializable"); }
		;


var_value:	opt_boolean		{ $$ = $1; }
		| AllConst		{ $$ = $1; }
		| ColId			{ $$ = $1; }	
		;

opt_boolean:  TRUE_P		{ $$ = make_str("true"); }
		| FALSE_P			{ $$ = make_str("false"); }
		| ON				{ $$ = make_str("on"); }
		| OFF				{ $$ = make_str("off"); }
		;
/* Timezone values can be:
 * - a string such as 'pst8pdt'
 * - a column identifier such as "pst8pdt"
 * - an integer or floating point number
 * - a time interval per SQL99
 * ConstInterval and ColId give shift/reduce errors,
 * so use IDENT and reject anything which is a reserved word.
 */
zone_value:  AllConst		{ $$ = $1; }
		| IDENT		{ $$ = $1; }
		| ConstInterval StringConst opt_interval
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, $2, $3); }
		| ConstInterval '(' PosIntConst ')' StringConst opt_interval
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, $1, make_str("("), $3, make_str(")"), $5, $6); }
		| DEFAULT	
			{ $$ = make_str("default"); }
		| LOCAL		
			{ $$ = make_str("local"); }
		;

opt_encoding:	StringConst		{ $$ = $1; }
		| DEFAULT				{ $$ = make_str("default"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

ColId_or_Sconst: ColId			{ $$ = $1; }
		| StringConst			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

VariableShowStmt:  SHOW ColId
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("show"), $2); }
		| SHOW TIME ZONE
			{ $$ = make_str("show time zone"); }
		| SHOW TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL
			{ $$ = make_str("show transaction isolation level"); }
		| SHOW SESSION AUTHORIZATION
			{ $$ = make_str("show session authorization"); }
		| SHOW ALL
			{ $$ = make_str("show all"); }
		;

VariableResetStmt:	RESET ColId
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("reset"), $2); }
		| RESET TIME ZONE
			{ $$ = make_str("reset time zone"); }
		| RESET TRANSACTION ISOLATION LEVEL
			{ $$ = make_str("reset transaction isolation level"); }
		| RESET SESSION AUTHORIZATION
			{ $$ = make_str("reset session authorization"); }
		| RESET ALL
			{ $$ = make_str("reset all"); }
		;

ConstraintsSetStmt:    SET CONSTRAINTS constraints_set_list constraints_set_mode
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("set constraints"), $3, $4); }
		;

constraints_set_list:  ALL
			{ $$ = make_str("all"); }
		| name_list
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

constraints_set_mode:  DEFERRED		{ $$ = make_str("deferred"); }
		| IMMEDIATE		{ $$ = make_str("immediate"); }
		;

/*
 * Checkpoint statement
 */
CheckPointStmt: CHECKPOINT	   { $$= make_str("checkpoint"); }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *	ALTER TABLE variations
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

AlterTableStmt:
/* ALTER TABLE <relation> ADD [COLUMN] <coldef> */
		ALTER TABLE relation_expr ADD opt_column columnDef
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("alter table"), $3, make_str("add"), $5, $6); }
/* ALTER TABLE <relation> ALTER [COLUMN] <colname> {SET DEFAULT <expr>|DROP DEFAULT} */
		| ALTER TABLE relation_expr ALTER opt_column ColId alter_column_default
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, make_str("alter table"), $3, make_str("alter"), $5, $6, $7); }
/* ALTER TABLE <relation> ALTER [COLUMN] <colname> DROP NOT NULL */
		| ALTER TABLE relation_expr ALTER opt_column ColId DROP NOT NULL_P
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, make_str("alter table"), $3, make_str("alter"), $5, $6, make_str("drop not null")); }
/* ALTER TABLE <relation> ALTER [COLUMN] <colname> SET NOT NULL */
		| ALTER TABLE relation_expr ALTER opt_column ColId SET NOT NULL_P
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, make_str("alter table"), $3, make_str("alter"), $5, $6, make_str("set not null")); }
/* ALTER TABLE <relation> ALTER [COLUMN] <colname> SET STATISTICS <Iconst> */
		| ALTER TABLE relation_expr ALTER opt_column ColId SET STATISTICS Iconst
			{ $$ = cat_str(7, make_str("alter table"), $3, make_str("alter"), $5, $6, make_str("set statistics"), $9); }
/* ALTER TABLE <relation> ALTER [COLUMN] <colname> SET STORAGE <storagemode> */
		| ALTER TABLE relation_expr ALTER opt_column ColId SET STORAGE ColId
			{ $$ = cat_str(7, make_str("alter table"), $3, make_str("alter"), $5, $6, make_str("set storage"), $9); }
/* ALTER TABLE <relation> DROP [COLUMN] <colname> {RESTRICT|CASCADE} */
		| ALTER TABLE relation_expr DROP opt_column ColId drop_behavior
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, make_str("alter table"), $3, make_str("drop"), $5, $6, $7); }
/* ALTER TABLE <relation> ADD CONSTRAINT ... */
		| ALTER TABLE relation_expr ADD TableConstraint
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("alter table"), $3, make_str("add"), $5); }
/* ALTER TABLE <relation> DROP CONSTRAINT ... */
		| ALTER TABLE relation_expr DROP CONSTRAINT name drop_behavior
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("alter table"), $3, make_str("drop constraint"), $6, $7); }
 /* ALTER TABLE <name> CREATE TOAST TABLE */
		| ALTER TABLE qualified_name CREATE TOAST TABLE
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("alter table"), $3, make_str("create toast table")); }
/* ALTER TABLE <name> OWNER TO UserId */
		| ALTER TABLE qualified_name OWNER TO UserId
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("alter table"), $3, make_str("owner to"), $6); }
		;

alter_column_default:
		SET DEFAULT a_expr		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("set default"), $3); }
		| DROP DEFAULT			{ $$ = make_str("drop default"); }
		;

drop_behavior: CASCADE 			{ $$ = make_str("cascade"); }
		| RESTRICT 				{ $$ = make_str("restrict"); }
		;

opt_drop_behavior: CASCADE 			{ $$ = make_str("cascade"); }
		| RESTRICT 			{ $$ = make_str("restrict"); }
		| /* EMPTY */ 			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;
		
/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY :
 *				close <optname>
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

ClosePortalStmt:  CLOSE opt_id	{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("close"), $2); }
		;

opt_id:  ColId					{ $$ = $1; }
		| /*EMPTY*/ 			{ $$ = NULL; }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY :
 *				COPY [BINARY] <relname> FROM/TO
 *				[USING DELIMITERS <delimiter>]
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

CopyStmt:  COPY opt_binary qualified_name opt_with_copy copy_dirn copy_file_name copy_delimiter copy_null
			{ $$ = cat_str(8, make_str("copy"), $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8); }
		;

copy_dirn:	TO					{ $$ = make_str("to"); }
		| FROM					{ $$ = make_str("from"); }
		;

/*
 * copy_file_name NULL indicates stdio is used. Whether stdin or stdout is
 * used depends on the direction. (It really doesn't make sense to copy from
 * stdout. We silently correct the "typo".		 - AY 9/94
 */
copy_file_name:  StringConst	{ $$ = $1; }
		| STDIN					{ $$ = make_str("stdin"); }
		| STDOUT				{ $$ = make_str("stdout"); }
		;

opt_binary:  BINARY				{ $$ = make_str("binary"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_with_copy:	WITH OIDS		{ $$ = make_str("with oids"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

/*
 * the default copy delimiter is tab but the user can configure it
 */
copy_delimiter:  opt_using DELIMITERS StringConst
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("delimiters"), $3); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_using:	USING		{ $$ = make_str("using"); }
		| /* EMPTY */	{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

copy_null:	WITH NULL_P AS StringConst
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("with null as"), $4); }
		| /* EMPTY */
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY :
 *				CREATE relname
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

CreateStmt:  CREATE OptTemp TABLE qualified_name '(' OptTableElementList ')'
				OptInherit OptWithOids
			{ $$ = cat_str(9, make_str("create"), $2, make_str("table"), $4, make_str("("), $6, make_str(")"), $8, $9); }
		;

/*
 * Redundancy here is needed to avoid shift/reduce conflicts,
 * since TEMP is not a reserved word.  See also OptTempTableName.
 */

OptTemp: TEMPORARY			{ $$ = make_str("temporary"); }
		| TEMP				{ $$ = make_str("temp"); }
		| LOCAL TEMPORARY	{ $$ = make_str("local temporary"); }
		| LOCAL TEMP		{ $$ = make_str("local temp"); }
		| GLOBAL TEMPORARY
		{
			mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, "Currently unsupported CREATE TABLE / GLOBAL TEMPORARY will be passed to backend");
			$$ = make_str("global temporary");
		}
		| GLOBAL TEMP
		{
			mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, "Currently unsupported CREATE TABLE / GLOBAL TEMP will be passed to backend");
			$$ = make_str("global temp");
		}
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

OptTableElementList:  OptTableElementList ',' OptTableElement
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		| OptTableElement
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

OptTableElement:  columnDef		{ $$ = $1; }
		| TableConstraint		{ $$ = $1; }
		;

columnDef:	ColId Typename ColQualList opt_collate
		{
			if (strlen($4) > 0)
			{
				sprintf(errortext, "Currently unsupported CREATE TABLE / COLLATE %s will be passed to backend", $4);
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, errortext);
			}
			$$ = cat_str(4, $1, $2, $3, $4);
		}
		;

ColQualList:  ColQualList ColConstraint { $$ = cat2_str($1,$2); }
		| /*EMPTY*/						{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

ColConstraint:	CONSTRAINT name ColConstraintElem
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("constraint"), $2, $3); }
		| ColConstraintElem		{ $$ = $1; }
		| ConstraintAttr		{ $$ = $1; }
		;

/* DEFAULT NULL is already the default for Postgres.
 * But define it here and carry it forward into the system
 * to make it explicit.
 * - thomas 1998-09-13
 *
 * WITH NULL and NULL are not SQL92-standard syntax elements,
 * so leave them out. Use DEFAULT NULL to explicitly indicate
 * that a column may have that value. WITH NULL leads to
 * shift/reduce conflicts with WITH TIME ZONE anyway.
 * - thomas 1999-01-08
 */
ColConstraintElem:	NOT NULL_P
			{ $$ = make_str("not null"); }
		| NULL_P
			{ $$ = make_str("null"); }
		| UNIQUE
			{ $$ = make_str("unique"); }
		| PRIMARY KEY
			{ $$ = make_str("primary key"); }
		| CHECK '(' a_expr ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("check ("), $3, make_str(")")); }
		| DEFAULT b_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("default"), $2); }
		|  REFERENCES qualified_name opt_column_list key_match key_actions
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("references"), $2, $3, $4, $5); }
		;

/*
 * ConstraintAttr represents constraint attributes, which we parse as if
 * they were independent constraint clauses, in order to avoid shift/reduce
 * conflicts (since NOT might start either an independent NOT NULL clause
 * or an attribute).  analyze.c is responsible for attaching the attribute
 * information to the preceding "real" constraint node, and for complaining
 * if attribute clauses appear in the wrong place or wrong combinations.
 *
 * See also ConstraintAttributeSpec, which can be used in places where
 * there is no parsing conflict.
 */
ConstraintAttr: DEFERRABLE		{ $$ = make_str("deferrable"); }
		| NOT DEFERRABLE		{ $$ = make_str("not deferrable"); }
		| INITIALLY DEFERRED	{ $$ = make_str("initially deferred"); }
		| INITIALLY IMMEDIATE	{ $$ = make_str("initially immediate"); }
		;

/* ConstraintElem specifies constraint syntax which is not embedded into
 *	a column definition. ColConstraintElem specifies the embedded form.
 * - thomas 1997-12-03
 */
TableConstraint:  CONSTRAINT name ConstraintElem
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("constraint"), $2, $3); }
		| ConstraintElem
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

ConstraintElem:  CHECK '(' a_expr ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("check("), $3, make_str(")")); }
		| UNIQUE '(' columnList ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("unique("), $3, make_str(")")); }
		| PRIMARY KEY '(' columnList ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("primary key("), $4, make_str(")")); }
		| FOREIGN KEY '(' columnList ')' REFERENCES qualified_name opt_column_list
			key_match key_actions ConstraintAttributeSpec
			{ $$ = cat_str(8, make_str("foreign key("), $4, make_str(") references"), $7, $8, $9, $10, $11); }
		;

opt_column_list:  '(' columnList ')'	{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
               | /*EMPTY*/		{ $$ = EMPTY; }
	       ;

columnList:  columnList ',' columnElem
                               { $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
               | columnElem
                               { $$ = $1; }
               ;

columnElem:  ColId	{ $$ = $1; }
		;

key_match:	MATCH FULL
			{ $$ = make_str("match full"); }
		| MATCH PARTIAL
		{
			mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, "Currently unsupported FOREIGN KEY/MATCH PARTIAL will be passed to backend");
			$$ = make_str("match partial");
		}
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

key_actions:  key_delete			{ $$ = $1; }
		| key_update				{ $$ = $1; }
		| key_delete key_update 	{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| key_update key_delete 	{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| /*EMPTY*/					{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

key_delete: ON DELETE_P key_reference 
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("on delete"), $3); }
		;

key_update: ON UPDATE key_reference 
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("on update"), $3); }
		;

key_reference:	NO ACTION			{ $$ = make_str("no action"); }
		| RESTRICT					{ $$ = make_str("restrict"); }
		| CASCADE					{ $$ = make_str("cascade"); }
		| SET DEFAULT				{ $$ = make_str("set default"); }
		| SET NULL_P				{ $$ = make_str("set null"); }
		;

OptInherit:  INHERITS '(' qualified_name_list ')'	
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("inherits ("), $3, make_str(")")); }
		| /*EMPTY*/ 
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

OptWithOids:  WITH OIDS				{ $$ = make_str("with oids"); }
		| WITHOUT OIDS				{ $$ = make_str("without oids"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/					{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;


/*
 * Note: CREATE TABLE ... AS SELECT ... is just another spelling for
 * SELECT ... INTO.
 */

CreateAsStmt:  CREATE OptTemp TABLE qualified_name OptCreateAs AS
		{ FoundInto = 0; } 
		SelectStmt
		{
			if (FoundInto == 1)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "CREATE TABLE / AS SELECT may not specify INTO");

			$$ = cat_str(7, make_str("create"), $2, make_str("table"), $4, $5, make_str("as"), $8);
		}
		;

OptCreateAs:  '(' CreateAsList ')' 
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		| /*EMPTY*/ 
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

CreateAsList:  CreateAsList ',' CreateAsElement 
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		| CreateAsElement	
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

CreateAsElement:  ColId { $$ = $1; }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY :
 *				CREATE SEQUENCE seqname
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

CreateSeqStmt:	CREATE OptTemp SEQUENCE qualified_name OptSeqList
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("create sequence"), $2, $4, $5); }
		;

OptSeqList:  OptSeqList OptSeqElem	{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| /*EMPTY*/					{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

OptSeqElem:  CACHE NumConst
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("cache"), $2); }
		| CYCLE
			{ $$ = make_str("cycle"); }
		| INCREMENT NumConst
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("increment"), $2); }
		| MAXVALUE NumConst
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("maxvalue"), $2); }
		| MINVALUE NumConst
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("minvalue"), $2); }
		| START NumConst
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("start"), $2); }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERIES :
 *				CREATE PROCEDURAL LANGUAGE ...
 *				DROP PROCEDURAL LANGUAGE ...
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

CreatePLangStmt:  CREATE opt_Trusted opt_procedural LANGUAGE ColId_or_Sconst
			HANDLER handler_name opt_lancompiler
			{ $$ = cat_str(8, make_str("create"), $2, $3, make_str("language"), $5, make_str("handler"), $7, $8); }
		;

opt_Trusted:	TRUSTED { $$ = make_str("trusted"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/		{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

/* This ought to be just func_name, but that causes reduce/reduce conflicts
 * (CREATE LANGUAGE is the only place where func_name isn't followed by '(').
 * Work around by using name and dotted_name separately.
 */
handler_name: name
                               { $$ = $1; }
	| dotted_name
                               { $$ = $1; /* XXX changing soon */ }
               ;

opt_lancompiler: LANCOMPILER StringConst
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("lancompiler"), $2); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = ""; }
		;

DropPLangStmt:	DROP opt_procedural LANGUAGE StringConst
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("drop"), $2, make_str("language"), $4); }
		;

opt_procedural: PROCEDURAL	{ $$ = make_str("prcedural"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERIES :
 *				CREATE TRIGGER ...
 *				DROP TRIGGER ...
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

CreateTrigStmt:  CREATE TRIGGER name TriggerActionTime TriggerEvents ON
				qualified_name TriggerForSpec
				EXECUTE PROCEDURE
				name '(' TriggerFuncArgs ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(12, make_str("create trigger"), $3, $4, $5, make_str("on"), $7, $8, make_str("execute procedure"), $11, make_str("("), $13, make_str(")")); }
		|	CREATE CONSTRAINT TRIGGER name AFTER TriggerEvents ON
				qualified_name OptConstrFromTable
				ConstraintAttributeSpec
				FOR EACH ROW EXECUTE PROCEDURE
				func_name '(' TriggerFuncArgs ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(13, make_str("create constraint trigger"), $4, make_str("after"), $6, make_str("on"), $8, $9, $10, make_str("for each row execute procedure"), $16, make_str("("), $18, make_str(")")); }
		;

TriggerActionTime:	BEFORE		{ $$ = make_str("before"); }
		| AFTER					{ $$ = make_str("after"); }
		;

TriggerEvents:	TriggerOneEvent
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| TriggerOneEvent OR TriggerOneEvent
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("or"), $3); }
		| TriggerOneEvent OR TriggerOneEvent OR TriggerOneEvent
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $1, make_str("or"), $3, make_str("or"), $5); }
		;

TriggerOneEvent:  INSERT	{ $$ = make_str("insert"); }
		| DELETE_P			{ $$ = make_str("delete"); }
		| UPDATE			{ $$ = make_str("update"); }
		;

TriggerForSpec:  FOR TriggerForOpt TriggerForType
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("for"), $2, $3); }
		;

TriggerForOpt:	EACH		{ $$ = make_str("each"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

TriggerForType:  ROW		{ $$ = make_str("row"); }
		| STATEMENT			{ $$ = make_str("statement"); }
		;

TriggerFuncArgs:  TriggerFuncArg
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| TriggerFuncArgs ',' TriggerFuncArg
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

TriggerFuncArg:  PosAllConst { $$ = $1; }
		| ColId				 { $$ = $1; }
		;

OptConstrFromTable: /* Empty */		{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		| FROM qualified_name	{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("from"), $2); }
		;

ConstraintAttributeSpec: ConstraintDeferrabilitySpec	{ $$ = $1; }
		| ConstraintDeferrabilitySpec ConstraintTimeSpec
		{
			if (strcmp($1, "deferrable") != 0 && strcmp($2, "initially deferrable") == 0 )
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "INITIALLY DEFERRED constraint must be DEFERRABLE");

			$$ = cat2_str($1, $2);
		}
		| ConstraintTimeSpec		{ $$ = $1; }
		| ConstraintTimeSpec ConstraintDeferrabilitySpec
		{
			if (strcmp($2, "deferrable") != 0 && strcmp($1, "initially deferrable") == 0 )
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "INITIALLY DEFERRED constraint must be DEFERRABLE");

			$$ = cat2_str($1, $2);
		}
		;

ConstraintDeferrabilitySpec: NOT DEFERRABLE 
			{ $$ = make_str("not deferrable"); }
		| DEFERRABLE	
			{ $$ = make_str("deferrable"); }
		;

ConstraintTimeSpec: INITIALLY IMMEDIATE		
			{ $$ = make_str("initially immediate"); }
		| INITIALLY DEFERRED	
			{ $$ = make_str("initially deferred"); }
		;

DropTrigStmt:  DROP TRIGGER name ON qualified_name
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("drop trigger"), $3, make_str("on"), $5); }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *             QUERIES :
 *                             CREATE ASSERTION ...
 *                             DROP ASSERTION ...
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
CreateAssertStmt:  CREATE ASSERTION name
                       CHECK '(' a_expr ')' ConstraintAttributeSpec
		        {
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "CREATE ASSERTION is not yet supported");
		       		$$ = cat_str(6, make_str("create assertion"), $3, make_str("check ("), $6, make_str(")"), $8);
			}
		;

DropAssertStmt:  DROP ASSERTION name
	{
		mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "DROP ASSERTION is not yet supported");
		$$ = cat2_str(make_str("drop assertion"), $3);
	}
	;

		       
/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY :
 *				define (type,operator,aggregate)
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

DefineStmt:  CREATE AGGREGATE func_name definition
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("create aggregate"), $3, $4); }
		| CREATE OPERATOR all_Op definition
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("create operator"), $3, $4); }
		| CREATE TYPE_P any_name definition
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("create type"), $3, $4); }
		;

definition:  '(' def_list ')' 
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		;

def_list:  def_elem					{ $$ = $1; }
		| def_list ',' def_elem		{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;

def_elem:  ColLabel '=' def_arg		{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("="), $3); }
		| ColLabel					{ $$ = $1; }
		;

/* Note: any simple identifier will be returned as a type name! */
def_arg:  func_return				{  $$ = $1; }
		| all_Op					{  $$ = $1; }
		| AllConst					{  $$ = $1; }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *
 *			   DROP itemtype itemname [, itemname ...]
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

DropStmt:  DROP drop_type any_name_list opt_drop_behavior
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("drop"), $2, $3, $4); }
		;

drop_type:	TABLE		{ $$ = make_str("table"); }
		| SEQUENCE		{ $$ = make_str("sequence"); }
		| VIEW			{ $$ = make_str("view"); }
		| INDEX			{ $$ = make_str("index"); }
		| TYPE_P		{ $$ = make_str("type"); }
		| DOMAIN_P		{ $$ = make_str("domain"); }
		;

any_name_list:  any_name
                       { $$ = $1; }
               | any_name_list ',' any_name
                       { $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
               ;

any_name: ColId
                       { $$ = $1; }
               | dotted_name
                       { $$ = $1; }
                ;
/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *			   QUERY:
 *							   truncate table relname
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
TruncateStmt:  TRUNCATE opt_table qualified_name 
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("truncate table"), $2, $3); }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *					   fetch/move [forward | backward] [ # | all ] [ in <portalname> ]
 *					   fetch [ forward | backward | absolute | relative ]
 *							 [ # | all | next | prior ] [ [ in | from ] <portalname> ]
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

FetchStmt: FETCH direction fetch_how_many from_in name ecpg_into
		{
			if (strcmp($2, "relative") == 0 && atol($3) == 0L)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "FETCH/RELATIVE at current position is not supported");

			$$ = cat_str(5, make_str("fetch"), $2, $3, $4, $5);
		}
		| FETCH fetch_how_many from_in name ecpg_into
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("fetch"), $2, $3, $4); }
		| FETCH direction from_in name ecpg_into
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("fetch"), $2, $3, $4); }
		| FETCH from_in name ecpg_into
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("fetch"), $2, $3); }
		| FETCH name ecpg_into
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("fetch"), $2); }
		| MOVE direction fetch_how_many from_in name
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("move"), $2, $3, $4, $5); }
		| MOVE fetch_how_many from_in name
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("move"), $2, $3, $4); }
		| MOVE direction from_in name
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("move"), $2, $3, $4); }
		| MOVE from_in name
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("move"), $2, $3); }
		| MOVE name
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("move"), $2); }
		;

direction:	FORWARD		{ $$ = make_str("forward"); }
		| BACKWARD		{ $$ = make_str("backward"); }
		| RELATIVE		{ $$ = make_str("relative"); }
		| ABSOLUTE
		{
			mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, "Currently unsupported FETCH/ABSOLUTE will be passed to backend, backend will use RELATIVE");
			$$ = make_str("absolute");
		}
		;

fetch_how_many: IntConst	{ $$ = $1; }
		| ALL				{ $$ = make_str("all"); }
		| NEXT				{ $$ = make_str("next"); }
		| PRIOR				{ $$ = make_str("prior"); }
		;

from_in: IN_P				{ $$ = make_str("in"); }
		| FROM				{ $$ = make_str("from"); }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *	The COMMENT ON statement can take different forms based upon the type of
 *	the object associated with the comment. The form of the statement is:
 *
 *	COMMENT ON [ [ DATABASE | DOMAIN | INDEX |  SEQUENCE | TABLE | TYPE | VIEW ]
 *				 <objname> | AGGREGATE <aggname> (<aggtype>) | FUNCTION
 *				<funcname> (arg1, arg2, ...) | OPERATOR <op>
 *				(leftoperand_typ rightoperand_typ) | TRIGGER <triggername> ON
 *				<relname> | RULE <rulename> ON <relname> ] IS 'text'
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
CommentStmt:   COMMENT ON comment_type name IS comment_text
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("comment on"), $3, $4, make_str("is"), $6); }
		| COMMENT ON AGGREGATE func_name '(' aggr_argtype ')' IS comment_text
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, make_str("comment on aggregate"), $4, make_str("("), $6, make_str(") is"), $9); }
		| COMMENT ON FUNCTION func_name func_args IS comment_text
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("comment on function"), $4, $5, make_str("is"), $7); }
		| COMMENT ON OPERATOR all_Op '(' oper_argtypes ')' IS comment_text
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, make_str("comment on operator"), $4, make_str("("), $6, make_str(") is"), $9); }
		| COMMENT ON TRIGGER name ON qualified_name IS comment_text
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, make_str("comment on trigger"), $4, make_str("on"), $6, make_str("is"), $8); }
		| COMMENT ON RULE name ON any_name IS comment_text
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, make_str("comment on rule"), $4, make_str("on"), $6, make_str("is"), $8); }
		| COMMENT ON RULE name IS comment_text
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("comment on rule"), $4, make_str("is"), $6); }
		;

comment_type:  COLUMN		{ $$ = make_str("column"); }
		| DATABASE	{ $$ = make_str("database"); }
		| SCHEMA	{ $$ = make_str("schema"); }
		| INDEX		{ $$ = make_str("idnex"); }
		| SEQUENCE	{ $$ = make_str("sequence"); }
		| TABLE		{ $$ = make_str("table"); }
		| DOMAIN_P	{ $$ = make_str("domain"); }
		| TYPE_P	{ $$ = make_str("type"); }
		| VIEW		{ $$ = make_str("view"); }
		;

comment_text:	StringConst { $$ = $1; }
		| NULL_P			{ $$ = make_str("null"); }
	   	;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 * GRANT and REVOKE statements
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

GrantStmt:	GRANT privileges ON privilege_target TO grantee_list opt_grant_grant_option
			{ $$ = cat_str(7, make_str("grant"), $2, make_str("on"), $4, make_str("to"), $6, $7); }
		;

RevokeStmt:  REVOKE opt_revoke_grant_option privileges ON privilege_target FROM grantee_list
			{ $$ = cat_str(8, make_str("revoke"), $2, $3, make_str("on"), $5, make_str("from"), $7); }
		;

privileges:  ALL PRIVILEGES		{ $$ = make_str("all privileges"); }
		| ALL					{ $$ = make_str("all"); }
		| privilege_list		{ $$ = $1; }
		;

privilege_list:  privilege	
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| privilege_list ',' privilege	
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;

privilege:	SELECT			{ $$ = make_str("select"); }
		| INSERT			{ $$ = make_str("insert"); }
		| UPDATE			{ $$ = make_str("update"); }
		| DELETE_P			{ $$ = make_str("delete"); }
		| RULE				{ $$ = make_str("rule"); }
		| REFERENCES		{ $$ = make_str("references"); }
		| TRIGGER			{ $$ = make_str("trigger"); }
		| EXECUTE			{ $$ = make_str("execute"); }
		| USAGE				{ $$ = make_str("usage"); }
		| CREATE			{ $$ = make_str("create"); }
		| TEMPORARY			{ $$ = make_str("temporary"); }
		| TEMP				{ $$ = make_str("temp"); }
		;

privilege_target: qualified_name_list	
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| TABLE qualified_name_list		
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("table"), $2); }
		| FUNCTION function_with_argtypes_list
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("function"), $2); }
		| DATABASE name_list
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("database"), $2); }
		| LANGUAGE name_list			
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("language") , $2); }
		| SCHEMA name_list			
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("schema") , $2); }
		;

grantee_list: grantee				
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| grantee_list ',' grantee	
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;

grantee:  ColId			{ $$ = $1; }
		| GROUP_P ColId		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("group"), $2); }
		;

opt_grant_grant_option:  WITH GRANT OPTION
		{
			mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, "Currently unsupported GRANT/WITH GRANT OPTION will be passed to backend");
			$$ = make_str("with grant option");
		}
		| /*EMPTY*/ 	{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_revoke_grant_option: GRANT OPTION FOR
		{
			mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, "Currently unsupported REVOKE/GRANT OPTION FOR will be passed to backend");
			$$ = make_str("with grant option");
		}
		| /*EMPTY*/ 	{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

function_with_argtypes_list: function_with_argtypes
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| function_with_argtypes_list ',' function_with_argtypes
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;

function_with_argtypes: func_name func_args { $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); };

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				create index <indexname> on <relname>
 *				  [ using <access> ] "(" (<col> with <op>)+ ")"
 *				  [ where <predicate> ]
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

IndexStmt:	CREATE index_opt_unique INDEX index_name ON qualified_name
				access_method_clause '(' index_params ')' where_clause
			{ $$ = cat_str(11, make_str("create"), $2, make_str("index"), $4, make_str("on"), $6, $7, make_str("("), $9, make_str(")"), $11); }
		;

index_opt_unique:  UNIQUE	{ $$ = make_str("unique"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/ 		{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

access_method_clause:  USING access_method	
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("using"), $2); }
		| /*EMPTY*/			
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

index_params:  index_list	{ $$ = $1; }
		| func_index		{ $$ = $1; }
		;

index_list:  index_list ',' index_elem
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		| index_elem
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

func_index:  func_name '(' name_list ')' opt_class
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $1, make_str("("), $3, ")", $5); }
		;

index_elem:  attr_name opt_class
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		;

opt_class:	any_name 	{ $$ = $1; }
		| USING any_name	{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("using"), $2); }
		| /*EMPTY*/		{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				execute recipe <recipeName>
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
/* NOT USED
RecipeStmt:  EXECUTE RECIPE recipe_name
				{
					$$ = cat2_str(make_str("execute recipe"), $3);
				}
		;
*/
/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				create [or replace] function <fname>
 *						[(<type-1> { , <type-n>})]
 *						returns <type-r>
 *						as <filename or code in language as appropriate>
 *						language <lang> [with parameters]
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

CreateFunctionStmt:	CREATE opt_or_replace FUNCTION func_name func_args
					RETURNS func_return createfunc_opt_list opt_with
			{ $$ = cat_str(8, make_str("create"), $2, make_str("function"), $4, $5, make_str("returns"), $7, $8); }
		;

opt_or_replace:  OR REPLACE		{ $$ = make_str("or replace"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_with:  WITH definition		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("with"), $2); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

func_args:	'(' func_args_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		| '(' ')'
			{ $$ = make_str("()"); }
		;

func_args_list:  func_arg
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| func_args_list ',' func_arg
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;

func_arg:  opt_arg func_type
		{
			/* We can catch over-specified arguments here if we want to,
			 * but for now better to silently swallow typmod, etc.
			 * - thomas 2000-03-22
			 */
			$$ = cat2_str($1, $2);
		}
		| func_type		{ $$ = $1; }
		;

opt_arg:  IN_P	{ $$ = make_str("in"); }
		| OUT_P
		{
			mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, "Currently unsupported CREATE FUNCTION/OUT will be passed to backend");

			$$ = make_str("out");
		}
		| INOUT
		{
			mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, "Currently unsupported CREATE FUNCTION/INOUT will be passed to backend");

			$$ = make_str("inout");
		}
		;

func_as: StringConst
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| StringConst ',' StringConst
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;

func_return:  func_type
		{
			/* We can catch over-specified arguments here if we want to,
			 * but for now better to silently swallow typmod, etc.
			 * - thomas 2000-03-22
			 */
			$$ = $1;
		}
		;

func_type:	Typename
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| type_name attrs '%' TYPE_P
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, $2, make_str("% type")); }
		;


createfunc_opt_list: createfunc_opt_item
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| createfunc_opt_list createfunc_opt_item
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		;

createfunc_opt_item: AS func_as	
				{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("as"), $2); }
		| LANGUAGE ColId_or_Sconst
				{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("language"), $2); }
		| IMMUTABLE
				{ $$ = make_str("immutable"); }
		| STABLE
				{ $$ = make_str("stable"); }
		| VOLATILE
				{ $$ = make_str("volatile"); }
		| CALLED ON NULL_P INPUT
				{ $$ = make_str("called on null input"); }
		| RETURNS NULL_P ON NULL_P INPUT
				{ $$ = make_str("returns null on null input"); }
		| STRICT
				{ $$ = make_str("strict"); }
		| EXTERNAL SECURITY DEFINER
				{ $$ = make_str("external security definer"); }
		| EXTERNAL SECURITY INVOKER
				{ $$ = make_str("external security invoker"); }
		| SECURITY DEFINER
				{ $$ = make_str("security definer"); }
		| SECURITY INVOKER
				{ $$ = make_str("security invoker"); }
		| IMPLICIT CAST
				{ $$ = make_str("implicit cast"); }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *
 *			   DROP FUNCTION funcname (arg1, arg2, ...)
 *			   DROP AGGREGATE aggname (aggtype)
 *			   DROP OPERATOR opname (leftoperand_typ rightoperand_typ)
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

RemoveFuncStmt:  DROP FUNCTION func_name func_args
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("drop function"), $3, $4); }
		;

RemoveAggrStmt:  DROP AGGREGATE func_name '(' aggr_argtype ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("drop aggregate"), $3, make_str("("), $5, make_str(")")); }
		;

aggr_argtype:  Typename		{ $$ = $1; }
		| '*'				{ $$ = make_str("*"); }
		;


RemoveOperStmt:  DROP OPERATOR all_Op '(' oper_argtypes ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("drop operator"), $3, make_str("("), $5, make_str(")")); }
		;

oper_argtypes:	Typename
			{ mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "parser: argument type missing (use NONE for unary operators)"); }
		| Typename ',' Typename
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		| NONE ',' Typename			/* left unary */
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("none,"), $3); }
		| Typename ',' NONE			/* right unary */
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str(", none")); }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *				QUERY:
 *
 *				REINDEX type <typename> [FORCE] [ALL]
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
ReindexStmt:  REINDEX reindex_type qualified_name opt_force
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("reindex"), $2, $3, $4); }
		| REINDEX DATABASE name opt_force
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("reindex database"), $3, $4); }
		;

reindex_type:	INDEX		{ $$ = make_str("index"); }
		| TABLE		{ $$ = make_str("table"); }
		;

opt_force: FORCE			{ $$ = make_str("force"); }
		| /* EMPTY */		{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				rename <attrname1> in <relname> [*] to <attrname2>
 *				rename <relname1> to <relname2>
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

RenameStmt:  ALTER TABLE relation_expr RENAME opt_column opt_name TO name
			{ $$ = cat_str(7, make_str("alter table"), $3, make_str("rename"), $5, $6, make_str("to"), $8); }
	| ALTER TRIGGER name ON relation_expr RENAME TO name
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, make_str("alter trigger"), $3, make_str("on"), $5, make_str("rename to"), $8); }
		;

opt_name:  name				{ $$ = $1; }
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_column:  COLUMN			{ $$ = make_str("column"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:	Define Rewrite Rule
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

RuleStmt:  CREATE RULE name AS
		   { QueryIsRule=1; }
		   ON event TO qualified_name where_clause
		   DO opt_instead RuleActionList
		{
			QueryIsRule=0;
			$$ = cat_str(10, make_str("create rule"), $3, make_str("as on"), $7, make_str("to"), $9, $10, make_str("do"), $12, $13);
		}
		;

RuleActionList:  NOTHING				{ $$ = make_str("nothing"); }
		| RuleActionStmt				{ $$ = $1; }
		| '(' RuleActionMulti ')'		{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
				;

/* the thrashing around here is to discard "empty" statements... */
RuleActionMulti:  RuleActionMulti ';' RuleActionStmtOrEmpty
			{  $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(";"), $3); }
		| RuleActionStmtOrEmpty
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str(";")); }
		;

RuleActionStmt:   SelectStmt
		| InsertStmt
		| UpdateStmt
		| DeleteStmt
		| NotifyStmt
		;

RuleActionStmtOrEmpty: RuleActionStmt	{ $$ = $1; }
	   | /*EMPTY*/						{ $$ = EMPTY; }
	   ;

/* change me to select, update, etc. some day */
event:	SELECT				{ $$ = make_str("select"); }
		| UPDATE			{ $$ = make_str("update"); }
		| DELETE_P			{ $$ = make_str("delete"); }
		| INSERT			{ $$ = make_str("insert"); }
		 ;

opt_instead:  INSTEAD		{ $$ = make_str("instead"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

DropRuleStmt:  DROP RULE name ON qualified_name
		{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("drop rule"), $3, make_str("on"), $5);}
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				NOTIFY <qualified_name>	can appear both in rule bodies and
 *				as a query-level command
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

NotifyStmt:  NOTIFY qualified_name
		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("notify"), $2); }
		;

ListenStmt:  LISTEN qualified_name
		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("listen"), $2); }
		;

UnlistenStmt:  UNLISTEN qualified_name
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("unlisten"), $2); }
		| UNLISTEN '*'
			{ $$ = make_str("unlisten *"); }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *				Transactions:
 *
 *	  BEGIN / COMMIT / ROLLBACK
 *		(also older versions END / ABORT)
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
TransactionStmt:  ABORT_TRANS opt_trans		{ $$ = make_str("rollback"); }
		| BEGIN_TRANS opt_trans				{ $$ = make_str("begin transaction"); }
		| COMMIT opt_trans					{ $$ = make_str("commit"); }
		| COMMIT opt_trans opt_chain		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("commit"), $3); }
		| END_TRANS opt_trans				{ $$ = make_str("commit"); }
		| ROLLBACK opt_trans				{ $$ = make_str("rollback"); }
		| ROLLBACK opt_trans opt_chain		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("rollback"), $3); }
		;

opt_trans: WORK			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		| TRANSACTION	{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		| /*EMPTY*/		{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_chain: AND NO CHAIN
			{ $$ = make_str("and no chain"); }
		| AND CHAIN
		{
			mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, "Currently unsupported COMMIT/CHAIN will be passed to backend");

			$$ = make_str("and chain");
		}
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				define view <viewname> '('target-list ')' [where <quals> ]
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

ViewStmt:  CREATE VIEW qualified_name opt_column_list AS SelectStmt
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("create view"), $3, $4, make_str("as"), $6); }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				load make_str("filename")
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

LoadStmt:  LOAD file_name
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("load"), $2); }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		CREATE DATABASE
 *
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

CreatedbStmt:  CREATE DATABASE database_name WITH createdb_opt_list
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("create database"), $3, make_str("with"), $5); }
		| CREATE DATABASE database_name
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("create database"), $3); }
		;

createdb_opt_list:	createdb_opt_item
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| createdb_opt_list createdb_opt_item
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		;

createdb_opt_item:	LOCATION opt_equal StringConst
			{ $$ = cat_str(3,make_str("location"), $2, $3); }
		| LOCATION opt_equal DEFAULT
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("location"), $2, make_str("default")); }
		| TEMPLATE opt_equal name
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("template"), $2, $3); }
		| TEMPLATE opt_equal DEFAULT
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("template"), $2, make_str("default")); }
		| ENCODING opt_equal PosIntStringConst
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("encoding"), $2, $3); }
		| ENCODING opt_equal DEFAULT
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("encoding"), $2, make_str("default")); }
		| OWNER opt_equal name
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("owner"), $2, $3); }
		| OWNER opt_equal DEFAULT
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("owner"), $2, make_str("default")); }
		;

opt_equal: '='					{ $$ = make_str("="); }
		| /* EMPTY */			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *				ALTER DATABASE
 *
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

AlterDatabaseSetStmt: ALTER DATABASE database_name SET set_rest
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("alter database"), $3, make_str("set"), $5); }
		| ALTER DATABASE database_name VariableResetStmt
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("alter database"), $3, $4); }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		DROP DATABASE
 *
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

DropdbStmt: DROP DATABASE database_name
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("drop database"), $3); }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 * Manipulate a domain
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

CreateDomainStmt:  CREATE DOMAIN_P any_name opt_as Typename ColQualList opt_collate
			{
				$$ = cat_str(6, make_str("create domain"), $3, $4, $5, $6, $7);
 			}
		;
 
opt_as:	AS	{$$ = make_str("as"); }
	| /* EMPTY */	{$$ = EMPTY; }
	;
 
/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				cluster <index_name> on <qualified_name>
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

ClusterStmt:  CLUSTER index_name ON qualified_name
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("cluster"), $2, make_str("on"), $4); }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				vacuum
 *				analyze
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

VacuumStmt:  VACUUM opt_full opt_freeze opt_verbose
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("vacuum"), $2, $3, $4); }
		| VACUUM opt_full opt_freeze opt_verbose qualified_name
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("vacuum"), $2, $3, $4, $5); }
		| VACUUM opt_full opt_freeze opt_verbose AnalyzeStmt
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("vacuum"), $2, $3, $4, $5); }
		;

AnalyzeStmt:  analyze_keyword opt_verbose
			{ $$ = cat_str(2, $1, $2); }
		| analyze_keyword opt_verbose qualified_name opt_name_list
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, $2, $3, $4); }
		;

analyze_keyword:  ANALYZE		{ $$ = make_str("analyze"); }
		| ANALYSE				{ $$ = make_str("analyse"); }
		;

opt_verbose:  VERBOSE			{ $$ = make_str("verbose"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_full:  FULL					{ $$ = make_str("full"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_freeze:  FREEZE				{ $$ = make_str("freeze"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_name_list:	'(' name_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				EXPLAIN query
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

ExplainStmt:  EXPLAIN opt_verbose OptimizableStmt
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("explain"), $2, $3); }
		| EXPLAIN analyze_keyword opt_verbose OptimizableStmt
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("explain"), $2, $3, $4); }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *																			 *
 *		Optimizable Stmts:													 *
 *																			 *
 *		one of the five queries processed by the planner					 *
 *																			 *
 *		[ultimately] produces query-trees as specified						 *
 *		in the query-spec document in ~postgres/ref							 *
 *																			 *
 *****************************************************************************/

OptimizableStmt:  SelectStmt
		| CursorStmt
		| UpdateStmt
		| InsertStmt
		| DeleteStmt
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				INSERT STATEMENTS
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

InsertStmt:  INSERT INTO qualified_name insert_rest
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("insert into"), $3, $4); }
		;

insert_rest:  VALUES '(' insert_target_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("values("), $3, make_str(")")); }
		| DEFAULT VALUES
			{ $$ = make_str("default values"); }
		| SelectStmt
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| '(' insert_column_list ')' VALUES '(' insert_target_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("("), $2, make_str(") values ("), $6, make_str(")")); }
		| '(' insert_column_list ')' SelectStmt
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")"), $4); }
		;

insert_column_list: insert_column_list ',' insert_column_item
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		| insert_column_item
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

insert_column_item:  ColId opt_indirection
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				DELETE STATEMENTS
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

DeleteStmt:  DELETE_P FROM relation_expr where_clause
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("delete from"), $3, $4); }
		;

LockStmt:  LOCK_P opt_table qualified_name_list opt_lock
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("lock"), $2, $3, $4); }
		;

opt_lock:  IN_P lock_type MODE
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("in"), $2, make_str("mode")); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY;}
		;

lock_type:	ACCESS SHARE		{ $$ = make_str("access share"); }
		| ROW SHARE				{ $$ = make_str("access share"); }
		| ROW EXCLUSIVE			{ $$ = make_str("row exclusive"); }
		| SHARE UPDATE EXCLUSIVE { $$ = make_str("share update exclusive"); }
		| SHARE					{ $$ = make_str("share"); }
		| SHARE ROW EXCLUSIVE	{ $$ = make_str("share row exclusive"); }
		| EXCLUSIVE				{ $$ = make_str("exclusive"); }
		| ACCESS EXCLUSIVE		{ $$ = make_str("access exclusive"); }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				UpdateStmt (UPDATE)
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

UpdateStmt:  UPDATE relation_expr
				SET update_target_list
				from_clause
				where_clause
			{$$ = cat_str(6, make_str("update"), $2, make_str("set"), $4, $5, $6); }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				CURSOR STATEMENTS
 *
 *****************************************************************************/
CursorStmt:  DECLARE name opt_cursor CURSOR FOR SelectStmt
		{
			struct cursor *ptr, *this;

			for (ptr = cur; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
			{
				if (strcmp($2, ptr->name) == 0)
				{
						/* re-definition is a bug */
					sprintf(errortext, "cursor %s already defined", $2);
					mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
				}
			}

			this = (struct cursor *) mm_alloc(sizeof(struct cursor));

			/* initial definition */
			this->next = cur;
			this->name = $2;
			this->connection = connection;
			this->command =  cat_str(5, make_str("declare"), mm_strdup($2), $3, make_str("cursor for"), $6);
			this->argsinsert = argsinsert;
			this->argsresult = argsresult;
			argsinsert = argsresult = NULL;

			cur = this;

			$$ = cat_str(3, make_str("/*"), mm_strdup(this->command), make_str("*/"));
		}
		;

opt_cursor:  BINARY				{ $$ = make_str("binary"); }
	   | INSENSITIVE			{ $$ = make_str("insensitive"); }
	   | SCROLL					{ $$ = make_str("scroll"); }
	   | INSENSITIVE SCROLL		{ $$ = make_str("insensitive scroll"); }
	   | /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
	   ;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *		QUERY:
 *				SELECT STATEMENTS
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

SelectStmt: select_no_parens		%prec UMINUS
			{ $$ = $1; }
		|	select_with_parens		%prec UMINUS
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

select_with_parens: '(' select_no_parens ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		| '(' select_with_parens ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		;

select_no_parens:	   simple_select
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| select_clause sort_clause opt_for_update_clause opt_select_limit
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, $2, $3, $4); }
		| select_clause for_update_clause opt_select_limit
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, $2, $3); }
		| select_clause select_limit
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		;

select_clause: simple_select		{ $$ = $1; }
		| select_with_parens		{ $$ = $1; }
		;

simple_select:	SELECT opt_distinct target_list
					into_clause from_clause where_clause
					group_clause having_clause
			{ $$ = cat_str(8, make_str("select"), $2, $3, $4, $5, $6, $7, $8); }
		| select_clause UNION opt_all select_clause
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, make_str("union"), $3, $4); }
		| select_clause INTERSECT opt_all select_clause
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, make_str("intersect"), $3, $4); }
		| select_clause EXCEPT opt_all select_clause
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, make_str("except"), $3, $4); }
		;

into_clause:  INTO OptTempTableName
		{
			FoundInto = 1;
			$$= cat2_str(make_str("into"), $2);
		}
		| ecpg_into			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

/*
 * Redundancy here is needed to avoid shift/reduce conflicts,
 * since TEMP is not a reserved word.  See also OptTemp.
 *
 * The result is a cons cell (not a true list!) containing
 * a boolean and a table name.
 */
OptTempTableName:  TEMPORARY opt_table qualified_name
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("temporary"), $2, $3); }
		| TEMP opt_table qualified_name
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("temp"), $2, $3); }
		| LOCAL TEMPORARY opt_table qualified_name
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("local temporary"), $3, $4); }
		| LOCAL TEMP opt_table qualified_name
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("local temp"), $3, $4); }
		| GLOBAL TEMPORARY opt_table qualified_name
		{
			mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, "Currently unsupported CREATE TABLE / GLOBAL TEMPORARY will be passed to backend");
			$$ = cat_str(3, make_str("global temporary"), $3, $4);
		}
		| GLOBAL TEMP opt_table qualified_name
		{
			mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, "Currently unsupported CREATE TABLE / GLOBAL TEMP will be passed to backend");
			$$ = cat_str(3, make_str("global temp"), $3, $4);
		}
		| TABLE qualified_name
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("table"), $2); }
		| qualified_name
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

opt_table:	TABLE				{ $$ = make_str("table"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_all:  ALL					{ $$ = make_str("all"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_distinct:  DISTINCT
			{ $$ = make_str("distinct"); }
		| DISTINCT ON '(' expr_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("distinct on ("), $4, make_str(")")); }
		| ALL
			{ $$ = make_str("all"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

sort_clause:  ORDER BY sortby_list
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("order by"), $3); }
		;

sortby_list:  sortby					{ $$ = $1; }
		| sortby_list ',' sortby		{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;

sortby: a_expr OptUseOp
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		;

OptUseOp:  USING all_Op		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("using"), $2); }
		| ASC				{ $$ = make_str("asc"); }
		| DESC				{ $$ = make_str("desc"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

select_limit:	LIMIT select_limit_value OFFSET select_offset_value
		   { $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("limit"), $2, make_str("offset"), $4); }
		| OFFSET select_offset_value LIMIT select_limit_value
		   { $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("offset"), $2, make_str("limit"), $4); }
		| LIMIT select_limit_value
		   { $$ = cat2_str(make_str("limit"), $2); }
		| OFFSET select_offset_value
		   { $$ = cat2_str(make_str("offset"), $2); }
		| LIMIT select_limit_value ',' select_offset_value
		   { mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_WARNING, "No longer supported LIMIT #,# syntax passed to backend."); }
		;

opt_select_limit:	select_limit	{ $$ = $1; }
		| /*EMPTY*/					{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

select_limit_value: PosIntConst
		{
			if (atoi($1) < 0)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "LIMIT must not be negative");
			$$ = $1;
		}
		| ALL	{ $$ = make_str("all"); }
		| PARAM { $$ = make_name(); }
		;

select_offset_value:	PosIntConst
		{
			if (atoi($1) < 0)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "OFFSET must not be negative");
			$$ = $1;
		}
		| PARAM { $$ = make_name(); }
		;

/*
 *	jimmy bell-style recursive queries aren't supported in the
 *	current system.
 *
 *	...however, recursive addattr and rename supported.  make special
 *	cases for these.
 */
group_clause:  GROUP_P BY expr_list
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("group by"), $3); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

having_clause:	HAVING a_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("having"), $2); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

for_update_clause:	FOR UPDATE update_list
			{ $$ = make_str("for update"); }
		| FOR READ ONLY
			{ $$ = make_str("for read only"); }
		;

opt_for_update_clause: for_update_clause	{ $$ = $1; }
		| /* EMPTY */						{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

update_list:  OF name_list		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("of"), $2); }
		| /* EMPTY */			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *	clauses common to all Optimizable Stmts:
 *		from_clause - allow list of both JOIN expressions and table names
 *		where_clause	- qualifications for joins or restrictions
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

from_clause:	FROM from_list		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("from"), $2); }
		| /* EMPTY */				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

from_list:	from_list ',' table_ref { $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		| table_ref					{ $$ = $1; }
		;

/*
 * table_ref is where an alias clause can be attached.	Note we cannot make
 * alias_clause have an empty production because that causes parse conflicts
 * between table_ref := '(' joined_table ')' alias_clause
 * and joined_table := '(' joined_table ')'.  So, we must have the
 * redundant-looking productions here instead.
 */
table_ref:	relation_expr
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| relation_expr alias_clause
			{ $$= cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| func_table
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| func_table alias_clause
			{ $$= cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| select_with_parens
			{mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "sub-SELECT in FROM must have an alias");}
		| select_with_parens alias_clause
			{ $$=cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| joined_table
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| '(' joined_table ')' alias_clause
			{ $$=cat_str(4, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")"), $4); }
		;

/*
 * It may seem silly to separate joined_table from table_ref, but there is
 * method in SQL92's madness: if you don't do it this way you get reduce-
 * reduce conflicts, because it's not clear to the parser generator whether
 * to expect alias_clause after ')' or not.  For the same reason we must
 * treat 'JOIN' and 'join_type JOIN' separately, rather than allowing
 * join_type to expand to empty; if we try it, the parser generator can't
 * figure out when to reduce an empty join_type right after table_ref.
 *
 * Note that a CROSS JOIN is the same as an unqualified
 * INNER JOIN, and an INNER JOIN/ON has the same shape
 * but a qualification expression to limit membership.
 * A NATURAL JOIN implicitly matches column names between
 * tables and the shape is determined by which columns are
 * in common. We'll collect columns during the later transformations.
 */

joined_table:  '(' joined_table ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		| table_ref CROSS JOIN table_ref
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("cross join"), $4); }
		| table_ref UNIONJOIN table_ref
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("unionjoin"), $3); }
		| table_ref join_type JOIN table_ref join_qual
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $1, $2, make_str("join"), $4, $5); }
		| table_ref JOIN table_ref join_qual
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, make_str("join"), $3, $4); }
		| table_ref NATURAL join_type JOIN table_ref
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $1, make_str("natural"), $3, make_str("join"), $5); }
		| table_ref NATURAL JOIN table_ref
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("natural join"), $4); }
		;

alias_clause:  AS ColId '(' name_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("as"), $2, make_str("("), $4, make_str(")")); }
		| AS ColId
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("as"), $2); }
		| ColId '(' name_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, make_str("("), $3, make_str(")")); }
		| ColId
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

join_type:	FULL join_outer		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("full"), $2); }
		| LEFT join_outer		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("left"), $2); }
		| RIGHT join_outer		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("right"), $2); }
		| INNER_P				{ $$ = make_str("inner"); }
		;

/* OUTER is just noise... */
join_outer:  OUTER_P			{ $$ = make_str("outer"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY;  /* no qualifiers */ }
		;

/* JOIN qualification clauses
 * Possibilities are:
 *	USING ( column list ) allows only unqualified column names,
 *						  which must match between tables.
 *	ON expr allows more general qualifications.
 */

join_qual:	USING '(' name_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("using ("), $3, make_str(")")); }
		| ON a_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("on"), $2); }
		;

relation_expr:	qualified_name
			{ /* normal relations */ $$ = $1; }
		| qualified_name '*'
			{ /* inheritance query */ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("*")); }
		| ONLY qualified_name
			{ /* inheritance query */ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("ONLY "), $2); }
		;

func_table:  func_name '(' ')'
		{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("()")); }
	| func_name '(' expr_list ')'
		{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, make_str("("), $3, make_str(")")); }
	;

where_clause:  WHERE a_expr		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("where"), $2); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY;  /* no qualifiers */ }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *	Type syntax
 *		SQL92 introduces a large amount of type-specific syntax.
 *		Define individual clauses to handle these cases, and use
 *		 the generic case to handle regular type-extensible Postgres syntax.
 *		- thomas 1997-10-10
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

Typename:  SimpleTypename opt_array_bounds
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2.str); }
		| SETOF SimpleTypename
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("setof"), $2); }
		;


opt_array_bounds:  '[' ']' opt_array_bounds
		{
			$$.index1 = 0;
			$$.index2 = $3.index1;
			$$.str = cat2_str(make_str("[]"), $3.str);
		}
		| '[' Iresult ']' opt_array_bounds
		{
			char *txt = mm_alloc(20L);

			sprintf (txt, "%d", $2);
			$$.index1 = $2;
			$$.index2 = $4.index1;
			$$.str = cat_str(4, make_str("["), txt, make_str("]"), $4.str);
		}
		| /* EMPTY */
		{
			$$.index1 = -1;
			$$.index2 = -1;
			$$.str= EMPTY;
		}
		;

Iresult:	PosIntConst				{ $$ = atol($1); }
		|	'(' Iresult ')'			{ $$ = $2; }
		|	Iresult '+' Iresult		{ $$ = $1 + $3; }
		|	Iresult '-' Iresult		{ $$ = $1 - $3; }
		|	Iresult '*' Iresult		{ $$ = $1 * $3; }
		|	Iresult '/' Iresult		{ $$ = $1 / $3; }
		|	Iresult '%' Iresult		{ $$ = $1 % $3; }
		;

SimpleTypename:  ConstTypename
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| ConstInterval opt_interval
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| ConstInterval '(' PosIntConst ')' opt_interval
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $1, make_str("("), $3, make_str(")"), $5); }
		| type_name attrs
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2);}
		;

ConstTypename:	Generic		{ $$ = $1; }
		| ConstDatetime		{ $$ = $1; }
		| Numeric			{ $$ = $1; }
		| Bit				{ $$ = $1; }
		| Character			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

Generic:  type_name			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

/* SQL92 numeric data types
 * Check FLOAT() precision limits assuming IEEE floating types.
 * Provide real DECIMAL() and NUMERIC() implementations now - Jan 1998-12-30
 * - thomas 1997-09-18
 */
Numeric:  INT
			{ $$ = make_str("int"); }
		| INTEGER
			{ $$ = make_str("integer"); }
		| SMALLINT
			{ $$ = make_str("smallint"); }
		| BIGINT
			{ $$ = make_str("bigint"); }
		| REAL
			{ $$ = make_str("real"); }
		| FLOAT_P opt_float
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("float"), $2); }
		| DOUBLE PRECISION
			{ $$ = make_str("double precision"); }
		| DECIMAL opt_decimal
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("decimal"), $2); }
		| DEC opt_decimal
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("dec"), $2); }
		| NUMERIC opt_numeric
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("numeric"), $2); }
		| BOOLEAN
			{ $$ = make_str("boolean"); }
		;

opt_float:	'(' PosIntConst ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_numeric:  '(' PosIntConst ',' PosIntConst ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("("), $2, make_str(","), $4, make_str(")")); }
		| '(' PosIntConst ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_decimal:  '(' PosIntConst ',' PosIntConst ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("("), $2, make_str(","), $4, make_str(")")); }
		| '(' PosIntConst ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

/*
 * SQL92 bit-field data types
 * The following implements BIT() and BIT VARYING().
 */
Bit:  BIT opt_varying '(' PosIntConst ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("bit"), $2, make_str("("), $4, make_str(")")); }
		| BIT opt_varying
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("bit"), $2); }
		;

/*
 * SQL92 character data types
 * The following implements CHAR() and VARCHAR().
 *								- ay 6/95
 */
Character:	character '(' PosIntConst ')' opt_charset
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $1, make_str("("), $3, make_str(")"), $5); }
		| character opt_charset
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		;

character:	CHARACTER opt_varying
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("character"), $2); }
		| CHAR_P opt_varying
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("char"), $2); }
		| VARCHAR
			{ $$ = make_str("varchar"); }
		| NATIONAL CHARACTER opt_varying
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("national character"), $3); }
		| NATIONAL CHAR_P opt_varying
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("national char"), $3); }
		| NCHAR opt_varying
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("nchar"), $2); }
		;

opt_varying:  VARYING
			{ $$ = make_str("varying"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_charset:  CHARACTER SET ColId
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("character set"), $3); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_collate:  COLLATE ColId
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("collate"), $2); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

ConstDatetime:	TIMESTAMP '(' PosIntConst ')' opt_timezone
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("timestamp("), $3, make_str(")"), $5); }
		| TIMESTAMP opt_timezone
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("timestamp"), $2); }
		| TIME '(' PosIntConst ')' opt_timezone
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("time("), $3, make_str(")"), $5); }
		| TIME opt_timezone
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("time"), $2); }
		;

ConstInterval:	INTERVAL
			{ $$ = make_str("interval"); }
		;

opt_timezone:  WITH TIME ZONE
			{ $$ = make_str("with time zone"); }
		| WITHOUT TIME ZONE
			{ $$ = make_str("without time zone"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_interval:  YEAR_P			{ $$ = make_str("year"); }
		| MONTH_P				{ $$ = make_str("month"); }
		| DAY_P					{ $$ = make_str("day"); }
		| HOUR_P				{ $$ = make_str("hour"); }
		| MINUTE_P				{ $$ = make_str("minute"); }
		| SECOND_P				{ $$ = make_str("second"); }
		| YEAR_P TO MONTH_P		{ $$ = make_str("year to month"); }
		| DAY_P TO HOUR_P		{ $$ = make_str("day to hour"); }
		| DAY_P TO MINUTE_P		{ $$ = make_str("day to minute"); }
		| DAY_P TO SECOND_P		{ $$ = make_str("day to second"); }
		| HOUR_P TO MINUTE_P	{ $$ = make_str("hour to minute"); }
		| MINUTE_P TO SECOND_P	{ $$ = make_str("minute to second"); }
		| HOUR_P TO SECOND_P	{ $$ = make_str("hour to second"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *	expression grammar
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

/* Expressions using row descriptors
 * Define row_descriptor to allow yacc to break the reduce/reduce conflict
 *	with singleton expressions.
 */
row_expr: '(' row_descriptor ')' IN_P select_with_parens
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("("), $2, make_str(") in "), $5); }
		| '(' row_descriptor ')' NOT IN_P select_with_parens
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("("), $2, make_str(") not in "), $6); }
		| '(' row_descriptor ')' all_Op sub_type select_with_parens
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")"), $4, $5, $6); }
		| '(' row_descriptor ')' all_Op select_with_parens
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")"), $4, $5); }
		| '(' row_descriptor ')' all_Op '(' row_descriptor ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(7, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")"), $4, make_str("("), $6, make_str(")")); }
		| '(' row_descriptor ')' OVERLAPS '(' row_descriptor ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("("), $2, make_str(") overlaps ("), $6, make_str(")")); }
		;

row_descriptor:  row_list ',' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;

sub_type:  ANY					{ $$ = make_str("ANY"); }
		| SOME					{ $$ = make_str("SOME"); }
		| ALL					{ $$ = make_str("ALL"); }
			  ;


row_list:  row_list ',' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		| a_expr
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

all_Op:  Op | MathOp;

MathOp: '+'				{ $$ = make_str("+"); }
		| '-'			{ $$ = make_str("-"); }
		| '*'			{ $$ = make_str("*"); }
		| '%'			{ $$ = make_str("%"); }
		| '^'			{ $$ = make_str("^"); }
		| '/'			{ $$ = make_str("/"); }
		| '<'			{ $$ = make_str("<"); }
		| '>'			{ $$ = make_str(">"); }
		| '='			{ $$ = make_str("="); }
		;

/* General expressions
 * This is the heart of the expression syntax.
 *
 * We have two expression types: a_expr is the unrestricted kind, and
 * b_expr is a subset that must be used in some places to avoid shift/reduce
 * conflicts.  For example, we can't do BETWEEN as "BETWEEN a_expr AND a_expr"
 * because that use of AND conflicts with AND as a boolean operator.  So,
 * b_expr is used in BETWEEN and we remove boolean keywords from b_expr.
 *
 * Note that '(' a_expr ')' is a b_expr, so an unrestricted expression can
 * always be used by surrounding it with parens.
 *
 * c_expr is all the productions that are common to a_expr and b_expr;
 * it's factored out just to eliminate redundant coding.
 */

a_expr:  c_expr
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| a_expr TYPECAST Typename
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("::"), $3); }
		| a_expr AT TIME ZONE c_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("at time zone"), $5); }
		/*
		 * These operators must be called out explicitly in order to make use
		 * of yacc/bison's automatic operator-precedence handling.  All other
		 * operator names are handled by the generic productions using "Op",
		 * below; and all those operators will have the same precedence.
		 *
		 * If you add more explicitly-known operators, be sure to add them
		 * also to b_expr and to the MathOp list above.
		 */
		| '+' a_expr %prec UMINUS
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("+"), $2); }
		| '-' a_expr %prec UMINUS
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("-"), $2); }
		| '%' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("%"), $2); }
		| '^' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("^"), $2); }
		| a_expr '%'
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("%")); }
		| a_expr '^'
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("^")); }
		| a_expr '+' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("+"), $3); }
		| a_expr '-' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("-"), $3); }
		| a_expr '*' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("*"), $3); }
		| a_expr '/' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("/"), $3); }
		| a_expr '%' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("%"), $3); }
		| a_expr '^' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("^"), $3); }
		| a_expr '<' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("<"), $3); }
		| a_expr '>' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(">"), $3); }
		| a_expr '=' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("="), $3); }
		| a_expr Op a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, $2, $3); }
		| Op a_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| a_expr Op		%prec POSTFIXOP
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| a_expr AND a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("and"), $3); }
		| a_expr OR a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("or"), $3); }
		| NOT a_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("not"), $2); }
		| a_expr LIKE a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("like"), $3); }
		| a_expr LIKE a_expr ESCAPE a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $1, make_str("like"), $3, make_str("escape"), $5); }
		| a_expr NOT LIKE a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("not like"), $4); }
		| a_expr NOT LIKE a_expr ESCAPE a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $1, make_str("not like"), $4, make_str("escape"), $6); }
		| a_expr ILIKE a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("ilike"), $3); }
		| a_expr ILIKE a_expr ESCAPE a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $1, make_str("ilike"), $3, make_str("escape"), $5); }
		| a_expr NOT ILIKE a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("not ilike"), $4); }
		| a_expr NOT ILIKE a_expr ESCAPE a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $1, make_str("not ilike"), $4, make_str("escape"), $6); }
		| a_expr ISNULL
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("isnull")); }
		| a_expr IS NULL_P
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("is null")); }
		| a_expr NOTNULL
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("notnull")); }
		| a_expr IS NOT NULL_P
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("is not null")); }
		/* IS TRUE, IS FALSE, etc used to be function calls
		 *	but let's make them expressions to allow the optimizer
		 *	a chance to eliminate them if a_expr is a constant string.
		 * - thomas 1997-12-22
		 *
		 *	Created BooleanTest Node type, and changed handling
		 *	for NULL inputs
		 * - jec 2001-06-18
		 */
		| a_expr IS TRUE_P
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("is true")); }
		| a_expr IS NOT TRUE_P
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("is not true")); }
		| a_expr IS FALSE_P
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("is false")); }
		| a_expr IS NOT FALSE_P
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("is not false")); }
		| a_expr IS UNKNOWN
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("is unknown")); }
		| a_expr IS NOT UNKNOWN
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("is not unknown")); }
		| a_expr BETWEEN b_expr AND b_expr	%prec BETWEEN
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $1, make_str("between"), $3, make_str("and"), $5); }
		| a_expr NOT BETWEEN b_expr AND b_expr	%prec BETWEEN
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $1, make_str("not between"), $4, make_str("and"), $6); }
		| a_expr IN_P in_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(" in"), $3); }
		| a_expr NOT IN_P in_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(" not in "), $4); }
		| a_expr all_Op sub_type select_with_parens %prec Op
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, $2, $3, $4); }
		| row_expr
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

/* Restricted expressions
 *
 * b_expr is a subset of the complete expression syntax
 *
 * Presently, AND, NOT, IS and IN are the a_expr keywords that would
 * cause trouble in the places where b_expr is used.  For simplicity, we
 * just eliminate all the boolean-keyword-operator productions from b_expr.
 */
b_expr:  c_expr
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| b_expr TYPECAST Typename
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("::"), $3); }
		| '-' b_expr %prec UMINUS
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("-"), $2); }
		| '%' b_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("%"), $2); }
		| '^' b_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("^"), $2); }
		| b_expr '%'
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("%")); }
		| b_expr '^'
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("^")); }
		| b_expr '+' b_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("+"), $3); }
		| b_expr '-' b_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("-"), $3); }
		| b_expr '*' b_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("*"), $3); }
		| b_expr '/' b_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("/"), $3); }
		| b_expr '%' b_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("%"), $3); }
		| b_expr '^' b_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("^"), $3); }
		| b_expr '<' b_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("<"), $3); }
		| b_expr '>' b_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(">"), $3); }
		| b_expr '=' b_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("="), $3); }
		| b_expr Op b_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, $2, $3); }
		| Op b_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| b_expr Op		%prec POSTFIXOP
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		;

/*
 * Productions that can be used in both a_expr and b_expr.
 *
 * Note: productions that refer recursively to a_expr or b_expr mostly
 * cannot appear here.	However, it's OK to refer to a_exprs that occur
 * inside parentheses, such as function arguments; that cannot introduce
 * ambiguity to the b_expr syntax.
 */
c_expr: columnref 
			{ $$ = $1;	}
		| AexprConst
			{ $$ = $1;	}
		| PARAM attrs opt_indirection
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("param"), $2, $3); }
		| '(' a_expr ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		| '(' a_expr ')' attrs opt_indirection
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")"), $4, $5); }
		| CAST '(' a_expr AS Typename ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("cast("), $3, make_str("as"), $5, make_str(")")); }
		| case_expr
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| func_name '(' ')'
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("()"));	}
		| func_name '(' expr_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, make_str("("), $3, make_str(")"));	}
		| func_name '(' ALL expr_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, make_str("( all"), $4, make_str(")"));	}
		| func_name '(' DISTINCT expr_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, make_str("( distinct"), $4, make_str(")"));  }
		| func_name '(' '*' ')'
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str("(*)")); }
		| CURRENT_DATE
			{ $$ = make_str("current_date"); }
		| CURRENT_TIME opt_empty_parentheses
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("current_time"), $2); }
		| CURRENT_TIME '(' PosIntConst ')'
			{ $$ = make_str("current_time"); }
		| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP opt_empty_parentheses
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("current_timestamp"), $2); }
		| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP '(' PosIntConst ')'
			{ $$ = make_str("current_timestamp"); }
		| CURRENT_USER opt_empty_parentheses
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("current_user"), $2); }
		| SESSION_USER opt_empty_parentheses
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("session_user"), $2); }
		| USER opt_empty_parentheses
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("user"), $2); }
		| EXTRACT '(' extract_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("extract("), $3, make_str(")")); }
		| POSITION '(' position_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("position("), $3, make_str(")")); }
		| SUBSTRING '(' substr_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("substring("), $3, make_str(")")); }
		/* various trim expressions are defined in SQL92 - thomas 1997-07-19 */
		| TRIM '(' BOTH trim_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("trim(both"), $4, make_str(")")); }
		| TRIM '(' LEADING trim_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("trim(leading"), $4, make_str(")")); }
		| TRIM '(' TRAILING trim_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("trim(trailing"), $4, make_str(")")); }
		| TRIM '(' trim_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("trim("), $3, make_str(")")); }
		| select_with_parens	%prec UMINUS
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| EXISTS select_with_parens
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("exists"), $2); }
		;
/*
 * This used to use ecpg_expr, but since there is no shift/reduce conflict
 * anymore, we can remove ecpg_expr. - MM
 */
opt_indirection:  '[' a_expr ']' opt_indirection
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("["), $2, make_str("]"), $4); }
		| '[' a_expr ':' a_expr ']' opt_indirection
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, make_str("["), $2, make_str(":"), $4, make_str("]"), $6); }
		| /* EMPTY */
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

expr_list:	a_expr
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| expr_list ',' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		| expr_list USING a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("using"), $3); }
		;

extract_list:  extract_arg FROM a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("from"), $3); }
		| /* EMPTY */
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

/* Allow delimited string SCONST in extract_arg as an SQL extension.
 * - thomas 2001-04-12
 */

extract_arg:  IDENT				{ $$ = $1; }
		| YEAR_P				{ $$ = make_str("year"); }
		| MONTH_P				{ $$ = make_str("month"); }
		| DAY_P					{ $$ = make_str("day"); }
		| HOUR_P				{ $$ = make_str("hour"); }
		| MINUTE_P				{ $$ = make_str("minute"); }
		| SECOND_P				{ $$ = make_str("second"); }
		| StringConst			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

/* position_list uses b_expr not a_expr to avoid conflict with general IN */
position_list:	b_expr IN_P b_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("in"), $3); }
		| /* EMPTY */
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

substr_list:  a_expr substr_from substr_for
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, $2, $3); }
		| a_expr substr_for substr_from
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, $2, $3); }
		| a_expr substr_from
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| a_expr substr_for
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| expr_list
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| /* EMPTY */
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

substr_from:  FROM a_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("from"), $2); }
		;

substr_for:  FOR a_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("for"), $2); }
		;

trim_list:	a_expr FROM expr_list
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("from"), $3); }
		| FROM expr_list
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("from"), $2); }
		| expr_list
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

in_expr:  select_with_parens
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| '(' in_expr_nodes ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		;

in_expr_nodes:	a_expr
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| in_expr_nodes ',' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3);}
		;

/* Case clause
 * Define SQL92-style case clause.
 * Allow all four forms described in the standard:
 * - Full specification
 *	CASE WHEN a = b THEN c ... ELSE d END
 * - Implicit argument
 *	CASE a WHEN b THEN c ... ELSE d END
 * - Conditional NULL
 *	NULLIF(x,y)
 *	same as CASE WHEN x = y THEN NULL ELSE x END
 * - Conditional substitution from list, use first non-null argument
 *	COALESCE(a,b,...)
 * same as CASE WHEN a IS NOT NULL THEN a WHEN b IS NOT NULL THEN b ... END
 * - thomas 1998-11-09
 */
case_expr:	CASE case_arg when_clause_list case_default END_TRANS
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("case"), $2, $3, $4, make_str("end")); }
		| NULLIF '(' a_expr ',' a_expr ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, make_str("nullif("), $3, make_str(","), $5, make_str(")")); }
		| COALESCE '(' expr_list ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("coalesce("), $3, make_str(")")); }
		;

when_clause_list:  when_clause_list when_clause
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| when_clause
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

when_clause:  WHEN a_expr THEN a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, make_str("when"), $2, make_str("then"), $4); }
		;

case_default:  ELSE a_expr
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("else"), $2); }
		| /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

case_arg:  a_expr			{ $$ = $1; }
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

columnref: relation_name opt_indirection
		{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
	| dotted_name opt_indirection
		{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
	;
	
dotted_name: relation_name attrs 
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		;

attrs: '.' attr_name
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("."), $2); }
		| '.' '*'
			{ $$ = make_str(".*"); }
		| '.' attr_name attrs
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("."), $2, $3); }
		;

opt_empty_parentheses: '(' ')'	{ $$ = make_str("()"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *	target lists
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

/* Target lists as found in SELECT ... and INSERT VALUES ( ... ) */
target_list:  target_list ',' target_el
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3);  }
		| target_el
			{ $$ = $1;	}
		;

/* AS is not optional because shift/red conflict with unary ops */
target_el:	a_expr AS ColLabel
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str("as"), $3); }
		| a_expr
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| '*'
			{ $$ = make_str("*"); }
		;

/* Target list as found in UPDATE table SET ... */
update_target_list:  update_target_list ',' update_target_el
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","),$3);	}
		| update_target_el
			{ $$ = $1;	}
		| '*'
			{ $$ = make_str("*"); }
		;

update_target_el:  ColId opt_indirection '=' a_expr
			{ $$ = cat_str(4, $1, $2, make_str("="), $4); }
		;

insert_target_list:  insert_target_list ',' insert_target_el
				{	$$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3);  }
		| insert_target_el
				{	$$ = $1;  }
		;

insert_target_el:  target_el	{	$$ = $1;  }
		| DEFAULT	{	$$ = make_str("default"); }
		;


/*****************************************************************************
 *
 *	   Names and constants
 *
 *****************************************************************************/

relation_name:  SpecialRuleRelation	{ $$ = $1; }
		| ColId	                { $$ = $1; }
		;

qualified_name_list:  qualified_name
				{ $$ = $1; }
		| qualified_name_list ',' qualified_name
				{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;

qualified_name: relation_name
		{ $$ = $1; }
		| dotted_name
		{ $$ = $1; }
		;

name_list:  name
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| name_list ',' name
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;


name:					ColId			{ $$ = $1; };
database_name:			ColId			{ $$ = $1; };
access_method:			ColId			{ $$ = $1; };
attr_name:				ColId			{ $$ = $1; };
index_name:				ColId			{ $$ = $1; };

file_name:				StringConst		{ $$ = $1; };

/* func_name will soon return a List ... but not yet */
/*
func_name: function_name
			{ $$ = makeList1(makeString($1)); }
		| dotted_name
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;
*/
func_name: function_name
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| dotted_name
			{ $$ = $1; }
		;


/* Constants
 * Include TRUE/FALSE for SQL3 support. - thomas 1997-10-24
 */
AexprConst:  PosAllConst
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| ConstTypename StringConst
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| ConstInterval StringConst opt_interval
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, $2, $3); }
		| ConstInterval  '(' PosIntConst ')' StringConst opt_interval
			{ $$ = cat_str(6, $1, make_str("("), $3, make_str(")"), $5, $6); }
		| PARAM opt_indirection 
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("param"), $2); }
		| TRUE_P
			{ $$ = make_str("true"); }
		| FALSE_P
			{ $$ = make_str("false"); }
		| NULL_P
			{ $$ = make_str("null"); }
		| civarind
			{ $$ = make_str("?"); }
		;

Iconst:  ICONST				{ $$ = make_name();};
Fconst:  FCONST				{ $$ = make_name();};
Bitconst:  BITCONST			{ $$ = make_name();};
Sconst:  SCONST
		{
			$$ = (char *)mm_alloc(strlen($1) + 3);
			$$[0]='\'';
					strcpy($$+1, $1);
			$$[strlen($1)+2]='\0';
			$$[strlen($1)+1]='\'';
			free($1);
		}
		;

PosIntConst:	Iconst		{ $$ = $1; }
		| civar				{ $$ = make_str("?"); }
		;

IntConst:	PosIntConst		{ $$ = $1; }
		| '-' PosIntConst	{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("-"), $2); }
		;

StringConst:	Sconst		{ $$ = $1; }
		| civar				{ $$ = make_str("?"); }
		;

PosIntStringConst:	Iconst	{ $$ = $1; }
		| Sconst			{ $$ = $1; }
		| civar				{ $$ = make_str("?"); }
		;

NumConst:	Fconst			{ $$ = $1; }
		| Iconst			{ $$ = $1; }
		| '-' Fconst		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("-"), $2); }
		| '-' Iconst		{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("-"), $2); }
		| civar				{ $$ = make_str("?"); }
		;

AllConst:	Sconst			{ $$ = $1; }
		| NumConst			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

PosAllConst:	Sconst		{ $$ = $1; }
		| Fconst			{ $$ = $1; }
		| Iconst			{ $$ = $1; }
		| Bitconst			{ $$ = $1; }
		| civar				{ $$ = make_str("?"); }
		;

UserId:  ColId				{ $$ = $1;};

SpecialRuleRelation:  OLD
		{
			if (!QueryIsRule)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "OLD used in non-rule query");

			$$ = make_str("old");
		}
		| NEW
		{
			if (!QueryIsRule)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "NEW used in non-rule query");

			$$ = make_str("new");
		}
		;

/*
 * and now special embedded SQL stuff
 */

/*
 * the exec sql connect statement: connect to the given database
 */
ECPGConnect: SQL_CONNECT TO connection_target opt_connection_name opt_user
			{ $$ = cat_str(5, $3, make_str(","), $5, make_str(","), $4); }
		| SQL_CONNECT TO DEFAULT
			{ $$ = make_str("NULL,NULL,NULL,\"DEFAULT\""); }
		  /* also allow ORACLE syntax */
		| SQL_CONNECT ora_user
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("NULL,"), $2, make_str(",NULL")); }
		;

connection_target: database_name opt_server opt_port
		{
			/* old style: dbname[@server][:port] */
			if (strlen($2) > 0 && *($2) != '@')
			{
				sprintf(errortext, "Expected '@', found '%s'", $2);
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
			}

			$$ = make3_str(make_str("\""), make3_str($1, $2, $3), make_str("\""));
		}
		|  db_prefix ':' server opt_port '/' database_name opt_options
		{
			/* new style: <tcp|unix>:postgresql://server[:port][/dbname] */
			if (strncmp($1, "unix:postgresql", strlen("unix:postgresql")) != 0 && strncmp($1, "tcp:postgresql", strlen("tcp:postgresql")) != 0)
			{
				sprintf(errortext, "only protocols 'tcp' and 'unix' and database type 'postgresql' are supported");
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
			}

			if (strncmp($3, "//", strlen("//")) != 0)
			{
				sprintf(errortext, "Expected '://', found '%s'", $3);
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
			}

			if (strncmp($1, "unix", strlen("unix")) == 0 &&
				strncmp($3 + strlen("//"), "localhost", strlen("localhost")) != 0 &&
				strncmp($3 + strlen("//"), "127.0.0.1", strlen("127.0.0.1")) != 0)
			{
				sprintf(errortext, "unix domain sockets only work on 'localhost' but not on '%9.9s'", $3 + strlen("//"));
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
			}

			$$ = make3_str(make3_str(make_str("\""), $1, make_str(":")), $3, make3_str(make3_str($4, make_str("/"), $6),	$7, make_str("\"")));
		}
		| StringConst
		{
			if ($1[0] == '\"')
				$$ = $1;
			else if (strcmp($1, "?") == 0) /* variable */
			{
				enum ECPGttype type = argsinsert->variable->type->type;

				/* if array see what's inside */
				if (type == ECPGt_array)
					type = argsinsert->variable->type->u.element->type;

				/* handle varchars */
				if (type == ECPGt_varchar)
					$$ = make2_str(mm_strdup(argsinsert->variable->name), make_str(".arr"));
				else
					$$ = mm_strdup(argsinsert->variable->name);
			}
			else
				$$ = make3_str(make_str("\""), $1, make_str("\""));
		}
		;

db_prefix: ident CVARIABLE
		{
			if (strcmp($2, "postgresql") != 0 && strcmp($2, "postgres") != 0)
			{
				sprintf(errortext, "Expected 'postgresql', found '%s'", $2);
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
			}

			if (strcmp($1, "tcp") != 0 && strcmp($1, "unix") != 0)
			{
				sprintf(errortext, "Illegal connection type %s", $1);
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
			}

			$$ = make3_str($1, make_str(":"), $2);
		}
		;

server: Op server_name
		{
			if (strcmp($1, "@") != 0 && strcmp($1, "//") != 0)
			{
				sprintf(errortext, "Expected '@' or '://', found '%s'", $1);
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
			}

			$$ = make2_str($1, $2);
		}
		;

opt_server: server			{ $$ = $1; }
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

server_name: ColId					{ $$ = $1; }
		| ColId '.' server_name		{ $$ = make3_str($1, make_str("."), $3); }
		| IP						{ $$ = make_name(); }
		;

opt_port: ':' PosIntConst	{ $$ = make2_str(make_str(":"), $2); }
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

opt_connection_name: AS connection_target { $$ = $2; }
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = make_str("NULL"); }
		;

opt_user: USER ora_user		{ $$ = $2; }
		| /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = make_str("NULL,NULL"); }
		;

ora_user: user_name
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, make_str(", NULL")); }
		| user_name '/' user_name
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		| user_name SQL_IDENTIFIED BY user_name
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $4); }
		| user_name USING user_name
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;

user_name: UserId
		{
			if ($1[0] == '\"')
				$$ = $1;
			else
				$$ = make3_str(make_str("\""), $1, make_str("\""));
		}
		| StringConst
		{
			if ($1[0] == '\"')
				$$ = $1;
			else if (strcmp($1, "?") == 0) /* variable */
			{
				enum ECPGttype type = argsinsert->variable->type->type;

				/* if array see what's inside */
				if (type == ECPGt_array)
					type = argsinsert->variable->type->u.element->type;

				/* handle varchars */
				if (type == ECPGt_varchar)
					$$ = make2_str(mm_strdup(argsinsert->variable->name), make_str(".arr"));
				else
					$$ = mm_strdup(argsinsert->variable->name);
			}
			else
				$$ = make3_str(make_str("\""), $1, make_str("\""));
		}
		;

char_variable: CVARIABLE
		{
			/* check if we have a char variable */
			struct variable *p = find_variable($1);
			enum ECPGttype type = p->type->type;

			/* if array see what's inside */
			if (type == ECPGt_array)
				type = p->type->u.element->type;

			switch (type)
			{
				case ECPGt_char:
				case ECPGt_unsigned_char:
					$$ = $1;
					break;
				case ECPGt_varchar:
					$$ = make2_str($1, make_str(".arr"));
					break;
				default:
					mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "invalid datatype");
					break;
			}
		}
		;

opt_options: Op ColId
		{
			if (strlen($1) == 0)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "incomplete statement");

			if (strcmp($1, "?") != 0)
			{
				sprintf(errortext, "unrecognised token '%s'", $1);
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
			}

			$$ = make2_str(make_str("?"), $2);
		}
		| /*EMPTY*/ 	{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

/*
 * Declare a prepared cursor. The syntax is different from the standard
 * declare statement, so we create a new rule.
 */
ECPGCursorStmt:  DECLARE name opt_cursor CURSOR FOR ident
		{
			struct cursor *ptr, *this;
			struct variable *thisquery = (struct variable *)mm_alloc(sizeof(struct variable));

			for (ptr = cur; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
			{
				if (strcmp($2, ptr->name) == 0)
				{
						/* re-definition is a bug */
					sprintf(errortext, "cursor %s already defined", $2);
					mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
				}
			}

			this = (struct cursor *) mm_alloc(sizeof(struct cursor));

			/* initial definition */
			this->next = cur;
			this->name = $2;
			this->connection = connection;
			this->command =  cat_str(4, make_str("declare"), mm_strdup($2), $3, make_str("cursor for ?"));
			this->argsresult = NULL;

			thisquery->type = &ecpg_query;
			thisquery->brace_level = 0;
			thisquery->next = NULL;
			thisquery->name = (char *) mm_alloc(sizeof("ECPGprepared_statement(\"\")") + strlen($6));
			sprintf(thisquery->name, "ECPGprepared_statement(\"%s\")", $6);

			this->argsinsert = NULL;
			add_variable(&(this->argsinsert), thisquery, &no_indicator);

			cur = this;

			$$ = cat_str(3, make_str("/*"), mm_strdup(this->command), make_str("*/"));
		}
		;

/*
 * the exec sql deallocate prepare command to deallocate a previously
 * prepared statement
 */
ECPGDeallocate: SQL_DEALLOCATE SQL_PREPARE ident
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("ECPGdeallocate(__LINE__, \""), $3, make_str("\");")); };

/*
 * variable declaration inside the exec sql declare block
 */
ECPGDeclaration: sql_startdeclare
		{ fputs("/* exec sql begin declare section */", yyout); }
		var_type_declarations sql_enddeclare
		{
			fprintf(yyout, "%s/* exec sql end declare section */", $3);
			free($3);
			output_line_number();
		}
		;

sql_startdeclare: ecpgstart BEGIN_TRANS DECLARE SQL_SECTION ';' {};

sql_enddeclare: ecpgstart END_TRANS DECLARE SQL_SECTION ';' {};

var_type_declarations:	/*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		| vt_declarations			{ $$ = $1; }
		;

vt_declarations:  var_declaration			{ $$ = $1; }
		| type_declaration			{ $$ = $1; }
		| vt_declarations var_declaration	{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		| vt_declarations type_declaration	{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		;

variable_declarations:	var_declaration                         { $$ = $1; }
		| variable_declarations var_declaration         { $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		;

type_declaration: S_TYPEDEF
	{
		/* reset this variable so we see if there was */
		/* an initializer specified */
		initializer = 0;
	}
	type opt_pointer ECPGColLabel opt_type_array_bounds ';' 
	{
		/* add entry to list */
		struct typedefs *ptr, *this;
		int dimension = $6.index1;
		int length = $6.index2;

		if (($3.type_enum == ECPGt_struct ||
		     $3.type_enum == ECPGt_union) &&
		    initializer == 1)
		{
			mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "Initializer not allowed in typedef command");

		}
		else
		{
			for (ptr = types; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
			{
				if (strcmp($5, ptr->name) == 0)
				{
			        	/* re-definition is a bug */
					sprintf(errortext, "Type %s already defined", $5);
					mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
				}
			}

			adjust_array($3.type_enum, &dimension, &length, $3.type_dimension, $3.type_index, *$4?1:0);

			this = (struct typedefs *) mm_alloc(sizeof(struct typedefs));

	        	/* initial definition */
		        this->next = types;
	        	this->name = $5;
			this->type = (struct this_type *) mm_alloc(sizeof(struct this_type));
			this->type->type_enum = $3.type_enum;
			this->type->type_str = mm_strdup($5);
			this->type->type_dimension = dimension; /* dimension of array */
			this->type->type_index = length;    /* lenght of string */
			this->type->type_sizeof = ECPGstruct_sizeof;
			this->struct_member_list = ($3.type_enum == ECPGt_struct || $3.type_enum == ECPGt_union) ?
				struct_member_list[struct_level] : NULL;

			if ($3.type_enum != ECPGt_varchar &&
			    $3.type_enum != ECPGt_char &&
	        	    $3.type_enum != ECPGt_unsigned_char &&
			    this->type->type_index >= 0)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "No multi-dimensional array support for simple data types");

			types = this;
		}

		fprintf(yyout, "typedef %s %s %s %s;\n", $3.type_str, *$4?"*":"", $5, $6.str);
		output_line_number();
		$$ = make_str("");
	};

var_declaration: storage_clause storage_modifier
		{
			actual_storage[struct_level] = cat2_str(mm_strdup($1), mm_strdup($2));
			actual_startline[struct_level] = hashline_number();
		}
		type
		{
			actual_type[struct_level].type_enum = $4.type_enum;
			actual_type[struct_level].type_dimension = $4.type_dimension;
			actual_type[struct_level].type_index = $4.type_index;
			actual_type[struct_level].type_sizeof = $4.type_sizeof;

			/* we do not need the string "varchar" for output */
			/* so replace it with an empty string */
			if ($4.type_enum == ECPGt_varchar)
			{
				free($4.type_str);
				$4.type_str=EMPTY;
			}
		}
		variable_list ';'
		{
			$$ = cat_str(6, actual_startline[struct_level], $1, $2, $4.type_str, $6, make_str(";\n"));
		}
		;

storage_clause : S_EXTERN		{ $$ = make_str("extern"); }
		| S_STATIC				{ $$ = make_str("static"); }
		| S_REGISTER			{ $$ = make_str("register"); }
		| S_AUTO				{ $$ = make_str("auto"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

storage_modifier : S_CONST		{ $$ = make_str("const"); }
		| S_VOLATILE			{ $$ = make_str("volatile"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

type: simple_type
		{
			$$.type_enum = $1;
			$$.type_str = mm_strdup(ECPGtype_name($1));
			$$.type_dimension = -1;
			$$.type_index = -1;
			$$.type_sizeof = NULL;
		}
		| struct_type
		{
			$$.type_enum = ECPGt_struct;
			$$.type_str = $1;
			$$.type_dimension = -1;
			$$.type_index = -1;
			$$.type_sizeof = ECPGstruct_sizeof;
		}
		| union_type
		{
			$$.type_enum = ECPGt_union;
			$$.type_str = $1;
			$$.type_dimension = -1;
			$$.type_index = -1;
			$$.type_sizeof = NULL;
		}
		| enum_type
		{
			$$.type_str = $1;
			$$.type_enum = ECPGt_int;
			$$.type_dimension = -1;
			$$.type_index = -1;
			$$.type_sizeof = NULL;
		}
		| ECPGColLabel
		{
			/*
			 * Check for type names that the SQL grammar treats as
			 * unreserved keywords
			 */
			if (strcmp($1, "varchar") == 0)
			{
				$$.type_enum = ECPGt_varchar;
				$$.type_str = make_str("varchar");
				$$.type_dimension = -1;
				$$.type_index = -1;
				$$.type_sizeof = NULL;
			}
			else if (strcmp($1, "float") == 0)
			{
				$$.type_enum = ECPGt_float;
				$$.type_str = make_str("float");
				$$.type_dimension = -1;
				$$.type_index = -1;
				$$.type_sizeof = NULL;
			}
			else if (strcmp($1, "double") == 0)
			{
				$$.type_enum = ECPGt_double;
				$$.type_str = make_str("double");
				$$.type_dimension = -1;
				$$.type_index = -1;
				$$.type_sizeof = NULL;
			}
			else
			{
				/* this is for typedef'ed types */
				struct typedefs *this = get_typedef($1);

				$$.type_str = (this->type->type_enum == ECPGt_varchar) ? EMPTY : mm_strdup(this->name);
				$$.type_enum = this->type->type_enum;
				$$.type_dimension = this->type->type_dimension;
				$$.type_index = this->type->type_index;
				$$.type_sizeof = this->type->type_sizeof;
				struct_member_list[struct_level] = ECPGstruct_member_dup(this->struct_member_list);
			}
		}
		;

enum_type: SQL_ENUM opt_symbol enum_definition
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("enum"), $2, $3); }
		|  SQL_ENUM symbol
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make_str("enum"), $2); }
		;

enum_definition: '{' c_list '}'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("{"), $2, make_str("}")); };

struct_type: s_struct '{' variable_declarations '}'
		{
			ECPGfree_struct_member(struct_member_list[struct_level]);
			free(actual_storage[struct_level--]);
			$$ = cat_str(4, $1, make_str("{"), $3, make_str("}"));
		}
		;

union_type: s_union '{' variable_declarations '}'
		{
			ECPGfree_struct_member(struct_member_list[struct_level]);
			free(actual_storage[struct_level--]);
			$$ = cat_str(4, $1, make_str("{"), $3, make_str("}"));
		}
		;

s_struct: SQL_STRUCT opt_symbol
		{
			struct_member_list[struct_level++] = NULL;
			$$ = cat2_str(make_str("struct"), $2);
			ECPGstruct_sizeof = cat_str(3, make_str("sizeof("), strdup($$), make_str(")"));
			if (struct_level >= STRUCT_DEPTH)
				 mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "Too many levels in nested structure definition");
		}
		;

s_union: UNION opt_symbol
		{
			struct_member_list[struct_level++] = NULL;
			if (struct_level >= STRUCT_DEPTH)
				 mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "Too many levels in nested structure definition");

			$$ = cat2_str(make_str("union"), $2);
		}
		;

simple_type: unsigned_type					{ $$=$1; }
		|	opt_signed signed_type			{ $$=$2; }
		;

unsigned_type: SQL_UNSIGNED SQL_SHORT		{ $$ = ECPGt_unsigned_short; }
		| SQL_UNSIGNED SQL_SHORT INT	{ $$ = ECPGt_unsigned_short; }
		| SQL_UNSIGNED						{ $$ = ECPGt_unsigned_int; }
		| SQL_UNSIGNED INT				{ $$ = ECPGt_unsigned_int; }
		| SQL_UNSIGNED SQL_LONG				{ $$ = ECPGt_unsigned_long; }
		| SQL_UNSIGNED SQL_LONG INT		{ $$ = ECPGt_unsigned_long; }
		| SQL_UNSIGNED SQL_LONG SQL_LONG
		{
#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG_INT_64
			$$ = ECPGt_unsigned_long_long;
#else
			$$ = ECPGt_unsigned_long;
#endif
		}
		| SQL_UNSIGNED SQL_LONG SQL_LONG INT
		{
#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG_INT_64
			$$ = ECPGt_unsigned_long_long;
#else
			$$ = ECPGt_unsigned_long;
#endif
		}
		| SQL_UNSIGNED CHAR_P			{ $$ = ECPGt_unsigned_char; }
		;

signed_type: SQL_SHORT				{ $$ = ECPGt_short; }
		| SQL_SHORT INT			{ $$ = ECPGt_short; }
		| INT					{ $$ = ECPGt_int; }
		| SQL_LONG					{ $$ = ECPGt_long; }
		| SQL_LONG INT			{ $$ = ECPGt_long; }
		| SQL_LONG SQL_LONG
		{
#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG_INT_64
			$$ = ECPGt_long_long;
#else
			$$ = ECPGt_long;
#endif
		}
		| SQL_LONG SQL_LONG INT
		{
#ifdef HAVE_LONG_LONG_INT_64
			$$ = ECPGt_long_long;
#else
			$$ = ECPGt_long;
#endif
		}
		| SQL_BOOL					{ $$ = ECPGt_bool; }
		| CHAR_P					{ $$ = ECPGt_char; }
		;

opt_signed: SQL_SIGNED
		|	/* EMPTY */
		;

variable_list: variable
			{ $$ = $1; }
		| variable_list ',' variable
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;

variable: opt_pointer ECPGColLabel opt_array_bounds opt_initializer
		{
			struct ECPGtype * type;
			int dimension = $3.index1; /* dimension of array */
			int length = $3.index2;    /* lenght of string */
			char dim[14L], ascii_len[12];

			adjust_array(actual_type[struct_level].type_enum, &dimension, &length, actual_type[struct_level].type_dimension, actual_type[struct_level].type_index, strlen($1));

			switch (actual_type[struct_level].type_enum)
			{
				case ECPGt_struct:
				case ECPGt_union:
					if (dimension < 0)
						type = ECPGmake_struct_type(struct_member_list[struct_level], actual_type[struct_level].type_enum, actual_type[struct_level].type_sizeof);
					else
						type = ECPGmake_array_type(ECPGmake_struct_type(struct_member_list[struct_level], actual_type[struct_level].type_enum, actual_type[struct_level].type_sizeof), dimension);

					$$ = cat_str(4, $1, mm_strdup($2), $3.str, $4);
					break;

				case ECPGt_varchar:
					if (dimension < 0)
						type = ECPGmake_simple_type(actual_type[struct_level].type_enum, length);
					else
						type = ECPGmake_array_type(ECPGmake_simple_type(actual_type[struct_level].type_enum, length), dimension);

					switch(dimension)
					{
						case 0:
						case -1:
						case 1:
							*dim = '\0';
							break;
						default:
							sprintf(dim, "[%d]", dimension);
							break;
					}
					sprintf(ascii_len, "%d", length);

					if (length == 0)
						mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "pointer to varchar are not implemented");

					if (dimension == 0)
						$$ = cat_str(7, mm_strdup(actual_storage[struct_level]), make2_str(make_str(" struct varchar_"), mm_strdup($2)), make_str(" { int len; char arr["), mm_strdup(ascii_len), make_str("]; } *"), mm_strdup($2), $4);
					else
					   $$ = cat_str(8, mm_strdup(actual_storage[struct_level]), make2_str(make_str(" struct varchar_"), mm_strdup($2)), make_str(" { int len; char arr["), mm_strdup(ascii_len), make_str("]; } "), mm_strdup($2), mm_strdup(dim), $4);
					break;

				case ECPGt_char:
				case ECPGt_unsigned_char:
					if (dimension == -1)
						type = ECPGmake_simple_type(actual_type[struct_level].type_enum, length);
					else
						type = ECPGmake_array_type(ECPGmake_simple_type(actual_type[struct_level].type_enum, length), dimension);

					$$ = cat_str(4, $1, mm_strdup($2), $3.str, $4);
					break;

				default:
					if (dimension < 0)
						type = ECPGmake_simple_type(actual_type[struct_level].type_enum, 1);
					else
						type = ECPGmake_array_type(ECPGmake_simple_type(actual_type[struct_level].type_enum, 1), dimension);

					$$ = cat_str(4, $1, mm_strdup($2), $3.str, $4);
					break;
			}

			if (struct_level == 0)
				new_variable($2, type, braces_open);
			else
				ECPGmake_struct_member($2, type, &(struct_member_list[struct_level - 1]));

			free($2);
		}
		;

opt_initializer: /*EMPTY*/
			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		| '=' c_term
		{
			initializer = 1;
			$$ = cat2_str(make_str("="), $2);
		}
		;

opt_pointer: /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		| '*'						{ $$ = make_str("*"); }
		| '*' '*'					{ $$ = make_str("**"); }
		;

/*
 * As long as the prepare statement is not supported by the backend, we will
 * try to simulate it here so we get dynamic SQL
 */
ECPGDeclare: DECLARE STATEMENT ident
		{
			/* this is only supported for compatibility */
			$$ = cat_str(3, make_str("/* declare statement"), $3, make_str("*/"));
		}
		;
/*
 * the exec sql disconnect statement: disconnect from the given database
 */
ECPGDisconnect: SQL_DISCONNECT dis_name { $$ = $2; }
		;

dis_name: connection_object				{ $$ = $1; }
		| SQL_CURRENT						{ $$ = make_str("\"CURRENT\""); }
		| ALL							{ $$ = make_str("\"ALL\""); }
		| /*EMPTY*/						{ $$ = make_str("\"CURRENT\""); }
		;

connection_object: connection_target	{ $$ = $1; }
		| DEFAULT						{ $$ = make_str("\"DEFAULT\""); }
		;

/*
 * execute a given string as sql command
 */
ECPGExecute : EXECUTE IMMEDIATE execstring
		{
			struct variable *thisquery = (struct variable *)mm_alloc(sizeof(struct variable));

			thisquery->type = &ecpg_query;
			thisquery->brace_level = 0;
			thisquery->next = NULL;
			thisquery->name = $3;

			add_variable(&argsinsert, thisquery, &no_indicator);

			$$ = make_str("?");
		}
		| EXECUTE ident
		{
			struct variable *thisquery = (struct variable *)mm_alloc(sizeof(struct variable));

			thisquery->type = &ecpg_query;
			thisquery->brace_level = 0;
			thisquery->next = NULL;
			thisquery->name = (char *) mm_alloc(sizeof("ECPGprepared_statement(\"\")") + strlen($2));
			sprintf(thisquery->name, "ECPGprepared_statement(\"%s\")", $2);

			add_variable(&argsinsert, thisquery, &no_indicator);
		}
		ecpg_using opt_ecpg_into
		{
			$$ = make_str("?");
		}
		;

execstring: char_variable
			{ $$ = $1; }
		|	CSTRING
			{ $$ = make3_str(make_str("\""), $1, make_str("\"")); }
		;

/*
 * the exec sql free command to deallocate a previously
 * prepared statement
 */
ECPGFree:	SQL_FREE ident	{ $$ = $2; };

/*
 * open is an open cursor, at the moment this has to be removed
 */
ECPGOpen: SQL_OPEN name ecpg_using { $$ = $2; };

ecpg_using: /*EMPTY*/		{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		| USING variablelist
		{
			/* mmerror ("open cursor with variables not implemented yet"); */
			$$ = EMPTY;
		}
		;

opt_sql: /*EMPTY*/ | SQL_SQL;

ecpg_into: INTO into_list
		{
			$$ = EMPTY;
		}
		| INTO opt_sql SQL_DESCRIPTOR quoted_ident_stringvar
		{
			add_variable(&argsresult, descriptor_variable($4,0), &no_indicator);
			$$ = EMPTY;
		}
		;

opt_ecpg_into: /*EMPTY*/			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		| ecpg_into					{ $$ = $1; }
		;

variable: civarind | civar
		;
variablelist: variable | variable ',' variablelist;

/*
 * As long as the prepare statement is not supported by the backend, we will
 * try to simulate it here so we get dynamic SQL
 */
ECPGPrepare: SQL_PREPARE ident FROM execstring
			{ $$ = cat2_str(make3_str(make_str("\""), $2, make_str("\",")), $4); }
		;

/*
 * dynamic SQL: descriptor based access
 *	written by Christof Petig <christof.petig@wtal.de>
 */

/*
 * deallocate a descriptor
 */
ECPGDeallocateDescr:	SQL_DEALLOCATE SQL_DESCRIPTOR quoted_ident_stringvar
		{
			drop_descriptor($3,connection);
			$$ = $3;
		}
		;

/*
 * allocate a descriptor
 */
ECPGAllocateDescr:	SQL_ALLOCATE SQL_DESCRIPTOR quoted_ident_stringvar
		{
			add_descriptor($3,connection);
			$$ = $3;
		};

/*
 * read from descriptor
 */

ECPGGetDescHeaderItem: CVARIABLE '=' desc_header_item
			{ push_assignment($1, $3); }
		;

desc_header_item:	SQL_COUNT			{ $$ = ECPGd_count; }
		;

ECPGGetDescItem: CVARIABLE '=' descriptor_item	{ push_assignment($1, $3); };

descriptor_item:	SQL_CARDINALITY		{ $$ = ECPGd_cardinality; }
		| SQL_DATA						{ $$ = ECPGd_data; }
		| SQL_DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE	{ $$ = ECPGd_di_code; }
		| SQL_DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION { $$ = ECPGd_di_precision; }
		| SQL_INDICATOR					{ $$ = ECPGd_indicator; }
		| SQL_KEY_MEMBER				{ $$ = ECPGd_key_member; }
		| SQL_LENGTH					{ $$ = ECPGd_length; }
		| SQL_NAME						{ $$ = ECPGd_name; }
		| SQL_NULLABLE					{ $$ = ECPGd_nullable; }
		| SQL_OCTET_LENGTH				{ $$ = ECPGd_octet; }
		| PRECISION						{ $$ = ECPGd_precision; }
		| SQL_RETURNED_LENGTH			{ $$ = ECPGd_length; }
		| SQL_RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH		{ $$ = ECPGd_ret_octet; }
		| SQL_SCALE						{ $$ = ECPGd_scale; }
		| TYPE_P						{ $$ = ECPGd_type; }
		;

ECPGGetDescHeaderItems: ECPGGetDescHeaderItem
		| ECPGGetDescHeaderItems ',' ECPGGetDescHeaderItem
		;

ECPGGetDescItems: ECPGGetDescItem
		| ECPGGetDescItems ',' ECPGGetDescItem
		;

ECPGGetDescriptorHeader:	SQL_GET SQL_DESCRIPTOR quoted_ident_stringvar
								ECPGGetDescHeaderItems
			{  $$ = $3; }
		;

ECPGGetDescriptor:	SQL_GET SQL_DESCRIPTOR quoted_ident_stringvar
						SQL_VALUE CVARIABLE ECPGGetDescItems
			{  $$.str = $5; $$.name = $3; }
		|	SQL_GET SQL_DESCRIPTOR quoted_ident_stringvar SQL_VALUE Iconst ECPGGetDescItems
			{  $$.str = $5; $$.name = $3; }
		;

/*
 * for compatibility with ORACLE we will also allow the keyword RELEASE
 * after a transaction statement to disconnect from the database.
 */

ECPGRelease: TransactionStmt SQL_RELEASE
		{
			if (strcmp($1, "begin") == 0)
							mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "RELEASE does not make sense when beginning a transaction");

			fprintf(yyout, "ECPGtrans(__LINE__, %s, \"%s\");",
					connection ? connection : "NULL", $1);
			whenever_action(0);
			fprintf(yyout, "ECPGdisconnect(__LINE__, \"\");");
			whenever_action(0);
			free($1);
		}
		;

/*
 * set/reset the automatic transaction mode, this needs a differnet handling
 * as the other set commands
 */
ECPGSetAutocommit:	SET SQL_AUTOCOMMIT '=' on_off	{ $$ = $4; }
		|  SET SQL_AUTOCOMMIT TO on_off   { $$ = $4; }
		;

on_off: ON				{ $$ = make_str("on"); }
		| OFF			{ $$ = make_str("off"); }
		;

/*
 * set the actual connection, this needs a differnet handling as the other
 * set commands
 */
ECPGSetConnection:	SET SQL_CONNECTION TO connection_object { $$ = $4; }
		| SET SQL_CONNECTION '=' connection_object { $$ = $4; }
		;

/*
 * define a new type for embedded SQL
 */
ECPGTypedef: TYPE_P
		{
			/* reset this variable so we see if there was */
			/* an initializer specified */
			initializer = 0;
		}
		ColLabel IS type opt_type_array_bounds opt_reference
		{
			/* add entry to list */
			struct typedefs *ptr, *this;
			int dimension = $6.index1;
			int length = $6.index2;

			if (($5.type_enum == ECPGt_struct ||
				 $5.type_enum == ECPGt_union) &&
				initializer == 1)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "Initializer not allowed in EXEC SQL TYPE command");
			else
			{
				for (ptr = types; ptr != NULL; ptr = ptr->next)
				{
					if (strcmp($3, ptr->name) == 0)
					{
						/* re-definition is a bug */
						sprintf(errortext, "Type %s already defined", $3);
						mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, errortext);
					}
				}

				adjust_array($5.type_enum, &dimension, &length, $5.type_dimension, $5.type_index, *$7?1:0);

				this = (struct typedefs *) mm_alloc(sizeof(struct typedefs));

				/* initial definition */
				this->next = types;
				this->name = $3;
				this->type = (struct this_type *) mm_alloc(sizeof(struct this_type));
				this->type->type_enum = $5.type_enum;
				this->type->type_str = mm_strdup($3);
				this->type->type_dimension = dimension; /* dimension of array */
				this->type->type_index = length;	/* lenght of string */
				this->type->type_sizeof = ECPGstruct_sizeof;
				this->struct_member_list = ($5.type_enum == ECPGt_struct || $5.type_enum == ECPGt_union) ?
					struct_member_list[struct_level] : NULL;

				if ($5.type_enum != ECPGt_varchar &&
					$5.type_enum != ECPGt_char &&
					$5.type_enum != ECPGt_unsigned_char &&
					this->type->type_index >= 0)
					mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "No multi-dimensional array support for simple data types");

				types = this;
			}

			if (auto_create_c == false)
				$$ = cat_str(7, make_str("/* exec sql type"), mm_strdup($3), make_str("is"), mm_strdup($5.type_str), mm_strdup($6.str), $7, make_str("*/"));
			else
				$$ = cat_str(6, make_str("typedef "), mm_strdup($5.type_str), *$7?make_str("*"):make_str(""), mm_strdup($6.str), mm_strdup($3), make_str(";"));
		}
		;

opt_type_array_bounds:	'[' ']' opt_type_array_bounds
		{
			$$.index1 = 0;
			$$.index2 = $3.index1;
			$$.str = cat2_str(make_str("[]"), $3.str);
		}
		| '(' ')' opt_type_array_bounds
		{
			$$.index1 = 0;
			$$.index2 = $3.index1;
			$$.str = cat2_str(make_str("[]"), $3.str);
		}
		| '[' Iresult ']' opt_type_array_bounds
		{
			char *txt = mm_alloc(20L);

			sprintf (txt, "%d", $2);
			$$.index1 = $2;
			$$.index2 = $4.index1;
			$$.str = cat_str(4, make_str("["), txt, make_str("]"), $4.str);
		}
		| '(' Iresult ')' opt_type_array_bounds
		{
			char *txt = mm_alloc(20L);

			sprintf (txt, "%d", $2);
			$$.index1 = $2;
			$$.index2 = $4.index1;
			$$.str = cat_str(4, make_str("["), txt, make_str("]"), $4.str);
		}
		| /* EMPTY */
		{
			$$.index1 = -1;
			$$.index2 = -1;
			$$.str= EMPTY;
		}
		;

opt_reference: SQL_REFERENCE 		{ $$ = make_str("reference"); }
		| /*EMPTY*/		 			{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

/*
 * define the type of one variable for embedded SQL
 */
ECPGVar: SQL_VAR
		{
			/* reset this variable so we see if there was */
			/* an initializer specified */
			initializer = 0;
		}
		ColLabel IS type opt_type_array_bounds opt_reference
		{
			struct variable *p = find_variable($3);
			int dimension = $6.index1;
			int length = $6.index2;
			struct ECPGtype * type;

			if (($5.type_enum == ECPGt_struct ||
				 $5.type_enum == ECPGt_union) &&
				initializer == 1)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "Initializer not allowed in EXEC SQL VAR command");
			else
			{
				adjust_array($5.type_enum, &dimension, &length, $5.type_dimension, $5.type_index, *$7?1:0);

				switch ($5.type_enum)
				{
					case ECPGt_struct:
					case ECPGt_union:
						if (dimension < 0)
							type = ECPGmake_struct_type(struct_member_list[struct_level], $5.type_enum, $5.type_sizeof);
						else
							type = ECPGmake_array_type(ECPGmake_struct_type(struct_member_list[struct_level], $5.type_enum,$5.type_sizeof), dimension);
						break;

					case ECPGt_varchar:
						if (dimension == -1)
							type = ECPGmake_simple_type($5.type_enum, length);
						else
							type = ECPGmake_array_type(ECPGmake_simple_type($5.type_enum, length), dimension);
						break;

					case ECPGt_char:
					case ECPGt_unsigned_char:
						if (dimension == -1)
							type = ECPGmake_simple_type($5.type_enum, length);
						else
							type = ECPGmake_array_type(ECPGmake_simple_type($5.type_enum, length), dimension);
						break;

					default:
						if (length >= 0)
							mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "No multi-dimensional array support for simple data types");

						if (dimension < 0)
							type = ECPGmake_simple_type($5.type_enum, 1);
						else
							type = ECPGmake_array_type(ECPGmake_simple_type($5.type_enum, 1), dimension);
						break;
				}

				ECPGfree_type(p->type);
				p->type = type;
			}

			$$ = cat_str(7, make_str("/* exec sql var"), mm_strdup($3), make_str("is"), mm_strdup($5.type_str), mm_strdup($6.str), $7, make_str("*/"));
		}
		;

/*
 * whenever statement: decide what to do in case of error/no data found
 * according to SQL standards we lack: SQLSTATE, CONSTRAINT and SQLEXCEPTION
 */
ECPGWhenever: SQL_WHENEVER SQL_SQLERROR action
		{
			when_error.code = $<action>3.code;
			when_error.command = $<action>3.command;
			$$ = cat_str(3, make_str("/* exec sql whenever sqlerror "), $3.str, make_str("; */\n"));
		}
		| SQL_WHENEVER NOT SQL_FOUND action
		{
			when_nf.code = $<action>4.code;
			when_nf.command = $<action>4.command;
			$$ = cat_str(3, make_str("/* exec sql whenever not found "), $4.str, make_str("; */\n"));
		}
		| SQL_WHENEVER SQL_SQLWARNING action
		{
			when_warn.code = $<action>3.code;
			when_warn.command = $<action>3.command;
			$$ = cat_str(3, make_str("/* exec sql whenever sql_warning "), $3.str, make_str("; */\n"));
		}
		;

action : SQL_CONTINUE
		{
			$<action>$.code = W_NOTHING;
			$<action>$.command = NULL;
			$<action>$.str = make_str("continue");
		}
		| SQL_SQLPRINT
		{
			$<action>$.code = W_SQLPRINT;
			$<action>$.command = NULL;
			$<action>$.str = make_str("sqlprint");
		}
		| SQL_STOP
		{
			$<action>$.code = W_STOP;
			$<action>$.command = NULL;
			$<action>$.str = make_str("stop");
		}
		| SQL_GOTO name
		{
			$<action>$.code = W_GOTO;
			$<action>$.command = strdup($2);
			$<action>$.str = cat2_str(make_str("goto "), $2);
		}
		| SQL_GO TO name
		{
			$<action>$.code = W_GOTO;
			$<action>$.command = strdup($3);
			$<action>$.str = cat2_str(make_str("goto "), $3);
		}
		| DO name '(' c_args ')'
		{
			$<action>$.code = W_DO;
			$<action>$.command = cat_str(4, $2, make_str("("), $4, make_str(")"));
			$<action>$.str = cat2_str(make_str("do"), mm_strdup($<action>$.command));
		}
		| DO SQL_BREAK
		{
			$<action>$.code = W_BREAK;
			$<action>$.command = NULL;
			$<action>$.str = make_str("break");
		}
		| SQL_CALL name '(' c_args ')'
		{
			$<action>$.code = W_DO;
			$<action>$.command = cat_str(4, $2, make_str("("), $4, make_str(")"));
			$<action>$.str = cat2_str(make_str("call"), mm_strdup($<action>$.command));
		}
		;

/* some other stuff for ecpg */

/* additional unreserved keywords */
ECPGKeywords:  SQL_BREAK		{ $$ = make_str("break"); }
		| SQL_CALL				{ $$ = make_str("call"); }
		| SQL_CARDINALITY		{ $$ = make_str("cardinality"); }
		| SQL_CONNECT			{ $$ = make_str("connect"); }
		| SQL_CONTINUE			{ $$ = make_str("continue"); }
		| SQL_COUNT				{ $$ = make_str("count"); }
		| SQL_DATA				{ $$ = make_str("data"); }
		| SQL_DATETIME_INTERVAL_CODE	{ $$ = make_str("datetime_interval_code"); }
		| SQL_DATETIME_INTERVAL_PRECISION	{ $$ = make_str("datetime_interval_precision"); }
		| SQL_DEALLOCATE		{ $$ = make_str("deallocate"); }
		| SQL_DISCONNECT		{ $$ = make_str("disconnect"); }
		| SQL_FOUND				{ $$ = make_str("found"); }
		| SQL_GO				{ $$ = make_str("go"); }
		| SQL_GOTO				{ $$ = make_str("goto"); }
		| SQL_IDENTIFIED		{ $$ = make_str("identified"); }
		| SQL_INDICATOR			{ $$ = make_str("indicator"); }
		| SQL_KEY_MEMBER		{ $$ = make_str("key_member"); }
		| SQL_LENGTH			{ $$ = make_str("length"); }
		| SQL_NAME				{ $$ = make_str("name"); }
		| SQL_NULLABLE			{ $$ = make_str("nullable"); }
		| SQL_OCTET_LENGTH		{ $$ = make_str("octet_length"); }
		| SQL_OPEN				{ $$ = make_str("open"); }
		| SQL_PREPARE			{ $$ = make_str("prepare"); }
		| SQL_RELEASE			{ $$ = make_str("release"); }
		| SQL_RETURNED_LENGTH		{ $$ = make_str("returned_length"); }
		| SQL_RETURNED_OCTET_LENGTH { $$ = make_str("returned_octet_length"); }
		| SQL_SCALE				{ $$ = make_str("scale"); }
		| SQL_SECTION			{ $$ = make_str("section"); }
		| SQL_SQLERROR			{ $$ = make_str("sqlerror"); }
		| SQL_SQLPRINT			{ $$ = make_str("sqlprint"); }
		| SQL_SQLWARNING		{ $$ = make_str("sqlwarning"); }
		| SQL_STOP				{ $$ = make_str("stop"); }
		| SQL_VAR				{ $$ = make_str("var"); }
		| SQL_WHENEVER			{ $$ = make_str("whenever"); }
		;

/* additional keywords that can be SQL type names (but not ECPGColLabels) */
ECPGTypeName:  SQL_BOOL				{ $$ = make_str("bool"); }
		| SQL_LONG			{ $$ = make_str("long"); }
		| SQL_SHORT			{ $$ = make_str("short"); }
		| SQL_STRUCT			{ $$ = make_str("struct"); }
		| SQL_SIGNED			{ $$ = make_str("signed"); }
		| SQL_UNSIGNED			{ $$ = make_str("unsigned"); }
		;

opt_symbol: symbol				{ $$ = $1; }
		| /*EMPTY*/				{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		;

symbol: ColLabel				{ $$ = $1; }
		;

/*
 * Name classification hierarchy.
 *
 * IDENT is the lexeme returned by the lexer for identifiers that match
 * no known keyword.  In most cases, we can accept certain keywords as
 * names, not only IDENTs.	We prefer to accept as many such keywords
 * as possible to minimize the impact of "reserved words" on programmers.
 * So, we divide names into several possible classes.  The classification
 * is chosen in part to make keywords acceptable as names wherever possible.
 */

/* Column identifier --- names that can be column, table, etc names.
 */
ColId:	ident							{ $$ = $1; }
		| unreserved_keyword			{ $$ = $1; }
		| col_name_keyword				{ $$ = $1; }
		| ECPGKeywords					{ $$ = $1; }
		| CHAR_P						{ $$ = make_str("char"); }
		;

/* Type identifier --- names that can be type names.
 */
type_name:	ident						{ $$ = $1; }
		| unreserved_keyword			{ $$ = $1; }
		| ECPGKeywords					{ $$ = $1; }
		| ECPGTypeName					{ $$ = $1; }
		;

/* Function identifier --- names that can be function names.
 */
function_name:	ident						{ $$ = $1; }
		| unreserved_keyword			{ $$ = $1; }
		| func_name_keyword				{ $$ = $1; }
		| ECPGKeywords					{ $$ = $1; }
		;

/* Column label --- allowed labels in "AS" clauses.
 * This presently includes *all* Postgres keywords.
 */
ColLabel:  ECPGColLabel					{ $$ = $1; }
		| ECPGTypeName					{ $$ = $1; }
		| CHAR_P						{ $$ = make_str("char"); }
		| INT							{ $$ = make_str("int"); }
		| UNION							{ $$ = make_str("union"); }
		;

ECPGColLabel:  ident					{ $$ = $1; }
		| unreserved_keyword			{ $$ = $1; }
		| col_name_keyword				{ $$ = $1; }
		| func_name_keyword				{ $$ = $1; }
		| reserved_keyword				{ $$ = $1; }
		| ECPGKeywords					{ $$ = $1; }
		;


/*
 * Keyword classification lists.  Generally, every keyword present in
 * the Postgres grammar should appear in exactly one of these lists.
 *
 * Put a new keyword into the first list that it can go into without causing
 * shift or reduce conflicts.  The earlier lists define "less reserved"
 * categories of keywords.
 */

/* "Unreserved" keywords --- available for use as any kind of name.
 */
unreserved_keyword:
		  ABORT_TRANS					{ $$ = make_str("abort"); }
		| ABSOLUTE						{ $$ = make_str("absolute"); }
		| ACCESS						{ $$ = make_str("access"); }
		| ACTION						{ $$ = make_str("action"); }
		| ADD							{ $$ = make_str("add"); }
		| AFTER							{ $$ = make_str("after"); }
		| AGGREGATE						{ $$ = make_str("aggregate"); }
		| ALTER							{ $$ = make_str("alter"); }
		| ASSERTION							{ $$ = make_str("assertion"); }
		| AT							{ $$ = make_str("at"); }
		| BACKWARD						{ $$ = make_str("backward"); }
		| BEFORE						{ $$ = make_str("before"); }
		| BEGIN_TRANS					{ $$ = make_str("begin"); }
		| BY							{ $$ = make_str("by"); }
		| CACHE							{ $$ = make_str("cache"); }
		| CASCADE						{ $$ = make_str("cascade"); }
		| CHAIN							{ $$ = make_str("chain"); }
		| CHARACTERISTICS				{ $$ = make_str("characteristics"); }
		| CHECKPOINT					{ $$ = make_str("checkpoint"); }
		| CLOSE							{ $$ = make_str("close"); }
		| CLUSTER						{ $$ = make_str("cluster"); }
		| COMMENT						{ $$ = make_str("comment"); }
		| COMMIT						{ $$ = make_str("commit"); }
		| COMMITTED						{ $$ = make_str("committed"); }
		| CONSTRAINTS					{ $$ = make_str("constraints"); }
		| COPY							{ $$ = make_str("copy"); }
		| CREATEDB						{ $$ = make_str("createdb"); }
		| CREATEUSER					{ $$ = make_str("createuser"); }
		| CURSOR						{ $$ = make_str("cursor"); }
		| CYCLE							{ $$ = make_str("cycle"); }
		| DATABASE						{ $$ = make_str("database"); }
		| DAY_P							{ $$ = make_str("day"); }
		| DECLARE						{ $$ = make_str("declare"); }
		| DEFERRED						{ $$ = make_str("deferred"); }
		| DELETE_P						{ $$ = make_str("delete"); }
		| DELIMITERS					{ $$ = make_str("delimiters"); }
		| DOMAIN_P					{ $$ = make_str("domain"); }
		| DOUBLE						{ $$ = make_str("double"); }
		| DROP							{ $$ = make_str("drop"); }
		| EACH							{ $$ = make_str("each"); }
		| ENCODING						{ $$ = make_str("encoding"); }
		| ENCRYPTED						{ $$ = make_str("encrypted"); }
		| ESCAPE						{ $$ = make_str("escape"); }
		| EXCLUSIVE						{ $$ = make_str("exclusive"); }
		| EXECUTE						{ $$ = make_str("execute"); }
		| EXPLAIN						{ $$ = make_str("explain"); }
		| FETCH							{ $$ = make_str("fetch"); }
		| FORCE							{ $$ = make_str("force"); }
		| FORWARD						{ $$ = make_str("forward"); }
		| FUNCTION						{ $$ = make_str("function"); }
		| GLOBAL						{ $$ = make_str("global"); }
		| HANDLER						{ $$ = make_str("handler"); }
		| HOUR_P						{ $$ = make_str("hour"); }
		| IMMEDIATE						{ $$ = make_str("immediate"); }
		| INCREMENT						{ $$ = make_str("increment"); }
		| INDEX							{ $$ = make_str("index"); }
		| INHERITS						{ $$ = make_str("inherits"); }
		| INOUT							{ $$ = make_str("inout"); }
		| INSENSITIVE					{ $$ = make_str("insensitive"); }
		| INSERT						{ $$ = make_str("insert"); }
		| INSTEAD						{ $$ = make_str("instead"); }
		| ISOLATION						{ $$ = make_str("isolation"); }
		| KEY							{ $$ = make_str("key"); }
		| LANGUAGE						{ $$ = make_str("language"); }
		| LANCOMPILER					{ $$ = make_str("lancompiler"); }
		| LEVEL							{ $$ = make_str("level"); }
		| LISTEN						{ $$ = make_str("listen"); }
		| LOAD							{ $$ = make_str("load"); }
		| LOCAL							{ $$ = make_str("local"); }
		| LOCATION						{ $$ = make_str("location"); }
		| LOCK_P						{ $$ = make_str("lock"); }
		| MATCH							{ $$ = make_str("match"); }
		| MAXVALUE						{ $$ = make_str("maxvalue"); }
		| MINUTE_P						{ $$ = make_str("minute"); }
		| MINVALUE						{ $$ = make_str("minvalue"); }
		| MODE							{ $$ = make_str("mode"); }
		| MONTH_P						{ $$ = make_str("month"); }
		| MOVE							{ $$ = make_str("move"); }
		| NAMES							{ $$ = make_str("names"); }
		| NATIONAL						{ $$ = make_str("national"); }
		| NEXT							{ $$ = make_str("next"); }
		| NO							{ $$ = make_str("no"); }
		| NOCREATEDB					{ $$ = make_str("nocreatedb"); }
		| NOCREATEUSER					{ $$ = make_str("nocreateuser"); }
		| NOTHING						{ $$ = make_str("nothing"); }
		| NOTIFY						{ $$ = make_str("notify"); }
		| OF							{ $$ = make_str("of"); }
		| OIDS							{ $$ = make_str("oids"); }
		| OPERATOR						{ $$ = make_str("operator"); }
		| OPTION						{ $$ = make_str("option"); }
		| OUT_P							{ $$ = make_str("out"); }
		| OWNER							{ $$ = make_str("owner"); }
		| PARTIAL						{ $$ = make_str("partial"); }
		| PASSWORD						{ $$ = make_str("password"); }
		| PATH_P						{ $$ = make_str("path"); }
		| PENDANT						{ $$ = make_str("pendant"); }
		| PRECISION						{ $$ = make_str("precision"); }
		| PRIOR							{ $$ = make_str("prior"); }
		| PRIVILEGES					{ $$ = make_str("privileges"); }
		| PROCEDURAL					{ $$ = make_str("procedural"); }
		| PROCEDURE						{ $$ = make_str("procedure"); }
		| READ							{ $$ = make_str("read"); }
		| REINDEX						{ $$ = make_str("reindex"); }
		| RELATIVE						{ $$ = make_str("relative"); }
		| RENAME						{ $$ = make_str("rename"); }
		| REPLACE						{ $$ = make_str("replace"); }
		| RESET							{ $$ = make_str("reset"); }
		| RESTRICT						{ $$ = make_str("restrict"); }
		| RETURNS						{ $$ = make_str("returns"); }
		| REVOKE						{ $$ = make_str("revoke"); }
		| ROLLBACK						{ $$ = make_str("rollback"); }
		| ROW							{ $$ = make_str("row"); }
		| RULE							{ $$ = make_str("rule"); }
		| SCHEMA						{ $$ = make_str("schema"); }
		| SCROLL						{ $$ = make_str("scroll"); }
		| SECOND_P						{ $$ = make_str("second"); }
		| SESSION						{ $$ = make_str("session"); }
		| SEQUENCE						{ $$ = make_str("sequence"); }
		| SERIALIZABLE					{ $$ = make_str("serializable"); }
		| SET							{ $$ = make_str("set"); }
		| SHARE							{ $$ = make_str("share"); }
		| SHOW							{ $$ = make_str("show"); }
		| START							{ $$ = make_str("start"); }
		| STATEMENT						{ $$ = make_str("statement"); }
		| STATISTICS					{ $$ = make_str("statistics"); }
		| STDIN							{ $$ = make_str("stdin"); }
		| STDOUT						{ $$ = make_str("stdout"); }
		| STORAGE						{ $$ = make_str("storage"); }
		| SYSID							{ $$ = make_str("sysid"); }
		| TEMP							{ $$ = make_str("temp"); }
		| TEMPLATE						{ $$ = make_str("template"); }
		| TEMPORARY						{ $$ = make_str("temporary"); }
		| TOAST							{ $$ = make_str("toast"); }
		| TRANSACTION					{ $$ = make_str("transaction"); }
		| TRIGGER						{ $$ = make_str("trigger"); }
		| TRUNCATE						{ $$ = make_str("truncate"); }
		| TRUSTED						{ $$ = make_str("trusted"); }
		| TYPE_P						{ $$ = make_str("type"); }
		| UNENCRYPTED					{ $$ = make_str("unencrypted"); }
		| UNKNOWN						{ $$ = make_str("unknown"); }
		| UNLISTEN						{ $$ = make_str("unlisten"); }
		| UNTIL							{ $$ = make_str("until"); }
		| UPDATE						{ $$ = make_str("update"); }
		| USAGE							{ $$ = make_str("usage"); }
		| VACUUM						{ $$ = make_str("vacuum"); }
		| VALID							{ $$ = make_str("valid"); }
		| VALUES						{ $$ = make_str("values"); }
		| VARYING						{ $$ = make_str("varying"); }
		| VERSION						{ $$ = make_str("version"); }
		| VIEW							{ $$ = make_str("view"); }
		| WITH							{ $$ = make_str("with"); }
		| WITHOUT						{ $$ = make_str("without"); }
		| WORK							{ $$ = make_str("work"); }
		| YEAR_P						{ $$ = make_str("year"); }
		| ZONE							{ $$ = make_str("zone"); }
		;

/* Column identifier --- keywords that can be column, table, etc names.
 *
 * Many of these keywords will in fact be recognized as type or function
 * names too; but they have special productions for the purpose, and so
 * can't be treated as "generic" type or function names.
 *
 * The type names appearing here are not usable as function names
 * because they can be followed by '(' in typename productions, which
 * looks too much like a function call for an LR(1) parser.
 */
col_name_keyword:
		BIGINT			{ $$ = make_str("bigint");}
		| BIT			{ $$ = make_str("bit"); }
/* CHAR must be excluded from ECPGColLabel because of conflict with UNSIGNED
		| CHAR_P		{ $$ = make_str("char"); }
 */
		| CHARACTER		{ $$ = make_str("character"); }
		| COALESCE		{ $$ = make_str("coalesce"); }
		| DEC			{ $$ = make_str("dec"); }
		| DECIMAL		{ $$ = make_str("decimal"); }
		| EXISTS		{ $$ = make_str("exists"); }
		| EXTRACT		{ $$ = make_str("extract"); }
		| FLOAT_P		{ $$ = make_str("float"); }
/* INT must be excluded from ECPGColLabel because of conflict 
		| INT			{ $$ = make_str("int"); }
 */
		| INTEGER 		{ $$ = make_str("integer"); }
		| INTERVAL		{ $$ = make_str("interval"); }
		| NCHAR			{ $$ = make_str("nchar"); }
		| NONE			{ $$ = make_str("none"); }
		| NULLIF		{ $$ = make_str("nullif"); }
		| NUMERIC		{ $$ = make_str("numeric"); }
		| POSITION		{ $$ = make_str("position"); }
		| REAL			{ $$ = make_str("real"); }
		| SETOF			{ $$ = make_str("setof"); }
		| SMALLINT		{ $$ = make_str("smallint"); }
		| SUBSTRING		{ $$ = make_str("substring"); }
		| TIME			{ $$ = make_str("time"); }
		| TIMESTAMP		{ $$ = make_str("timestamp"); }
		| TRIM			{ $$ = make_str("trim"); }
		| VARCHAR		{ $$ = make_str("varchar"); }
		;

/* Function identifier --- keywords that can be function names.
 *
 * Most of these are keywords that are used as operators in expressions;
 * in general such keywords can't be column names because they would be
 * ambiguous with variables, but they are unambiguous as function identifiers.
 *
 * Do not include POSITION, SUBSTRING, etc here since they have explicit
 * productions in a_expr to support the goofy SQL9x argument syntax.
 *	- thomas 2000-11-28
 */
func_name_keyword:
		  AUTHORIZATION					{ $$ = make_str("authorization"); }
		| BETWEEN						{ $$ = make_str("between"); }
		| BINARY						{ $$ = make_str("binary"); }
		| CROSS							{ $$ = make_str("cross"); }
		| FREEZE						{ $$ = make_str("freeze"); }
		| FULL							{ $$ = make_str("full"); }
		| ILIKE							{ $$ = make_str("ilike"); }
		| IN_P							{ $$ = make_str("in"); }
		| INNER_P						{ $$ = make_str("inner"); }
		| IS							{ $$ = make_str("is"); }
		| ISNULL						{ $$ = make_str("isnull"); }
		| JOIN							{ $$ = make_str("join"); }
		| LEFT							{ $$ = make_str("left"); }
		| LIKE							{ $$ = make_str("like"); }
		| NATURAL						{ $$ = make_str("natural"); }
		| NOTNULL						{ $$ = make_str("notnull"); }
		| OUTER_P						{ $$ = make_str("outer"); }
		| OVERLAPS						{ $$ = make_str("overlaps"); }
		| RIGHT							{ $$ = make_str("right"); }
		| VERBOSE						{ $$ = make_str("verbose"); }
		;

/* Reserved keyword --- these keywords are usable only as a ColLabel.
 *
 * Keywords appear here if they could not be distinguished from variable,
 * type, or function names in some contexts.  Don't put things here unless
 * forced to.
 */
reserved_keyword:
		  ALL							{ $$ = make_str("all"); }
		| ANALYSE						{ $$ = make_str("analyse"); } /* British */
		| ANALYZE						{ $$ = make_str("analyze"); }
		| AND							{ $$ = make_str("and"); }
		| ANY							{ $$ = make_str("any"); }
		| AS							{ $$ = make_str("as"); }
		| ASC							{ $$ = make_str("asc"); }
		| BOTH							{ $$ = make_str("both"); }
		| CASE							{ $$ = make_str("case"); }
		| CAST							{ $$ = make_str("cast"); }
		| CHECK							{ $$ = make_str("check"); }
		| COLLATE						{ $$ = make_str("collate"); }
		| COLUMN						{ $$ = make_str("column"); }
		| CONSTRAINT					{ $$ = make_str("constraint"); }
		| CREATE						{ $$ = make_str("create"); }
		| CURRENT_DATE					{ $$ = make_str("current_date"); }
		| CURRENT_TIME					{ $$ = make_str("current_time"); }
		| CURRENT_TIMESTAMP				{ $$ = make_str("current_timestamp"); }
		| CURRENT_USER					{ $$ = make_str("current_user"); }
		| DEFAULT						{ $$ = make_str("default"); }
		| DEFERRABLE					{ $$ = make_str("deferrable"); }
		| DESC							{ $$ = make_str("desc"); }
		| DISTINCT						{ $$ = make_str("distinct"); }
		| DO							{ $$ = make_str("do"); }
		| ELSE							{ $$ = make_str("else"); }
		| END_TRANS						{ $$ = make_str("end"); }
		| EXCEPT						{ $$ = make_str("except"); }
		| FALSE_P						{ $$ = make_str("false"); }
		| FOR							{ $$ = make_str("for"); }
		| FOREIGN						{ $$ = make_str("foreign"); }
		| FROM							{ $$ = make_str("from"); }
		| GRANT							{ $$ = make_str("grant"); }
		| GROUP_P						{ $$ = make_str("group"); }
		| HAVING						{ $$ = make_str("having"); }
		| INITIALLY						{ $$ = make_str("initially"); }
		| INTERSECT						{ $$ = make_str("intersect"); }
		| INTO							{ $$ = make_str("into"); }
		| LEADING						{ $$ = make_str("leading"); }
		| LIMIT							{ $$ = make_str("limit"); }
		| NEW							{ $$ = make_str("new"); }
		| NOT							{ $$ = make_str("not"); }
		| NULL_P						{ $$ = make_str("null"); }
		| OFF							{ $$ = make_str("off"); }
		| OFFSET						{ $$ = make_str("offset"); }
		| OLD							{ $$ = make_str("old"); }
		| ON							{ $$ = make_str("on"); }
		| ONLY							{ $$ = make_str("only"); }
		| OR							{ $$ = make_str("or"); }
		| ORDER							{ $$ = make_str("order"); }
		| PRIMARY						{ $$ = make_str("primary"); }
		| REFERENCES					{ $$ = make_str("references"); }
		| SELECT						{ $$ = make_str("select"); }
		| SESSION_USER					{ $$ = make_str("session_user"); }
		| SOME							{ $$ = make_str("some"); }
		| TABLE							{ $$ = make_str("table"); }
		| THEN							{ $$ = make_str("then"); }
		| TO							{ $$ = make_str("to"); }
		| TRAILING						{ $$ = make_str("trailing"); }
		| TRUE_P						{ $$ = make_str("true"); }
/* UNION must be excluded from ECPGColLabel because of conflict with s_union
		| UNION							{ $$ = make_str("union"); }
 */
		| UNIQUE						{ $$ = make_str("unique"); }
		| USER							{ $$ = make_str("user"); }
		| USING							{ $$ = make_str("using"); }
		| WHEN							{ $$ = make_str("when"); }
		| WHERE							{ $$ = make_str("where"); }
		;


into_list : coutputvariable | into_list ',' coutputvariable
		;

ecpgstart: SQL_START	{ reset_variables(); }
		;

c_args: /*EMPTY*/		{ $$ = EMPTY; }
		| c_list		{ $$ = $1; }
		;

coutputvariable: CVARIABLE indicator
			{ add_variable(&argsresult, find_variable($1), find_variable($2)); }
		| CVARIABLE
			{ add_variable(&argsresult, find_variable($1), &no_indicator); }
		;


civarind: CVARIABLE indicator
		{
			if ($2 != NULL && (find_variable($2))->type->type == ECPGt_array)
				mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, "arrays of indicators are not allowed on input");

			add_variable(&argsinsert, find_variable($1), ($2 == NULL) ? &no_indicator : find_variable($2));
		}
		;

civar: CVARIABLE
		{
			add_variable(&argsinsert, find_variable($1), &no_indicator);
			$$ = $1;
		}
		;

indicator: CVARIABLE				{ check_indicator((find_variable($1))->type); $$ = $1; }
		| SQL_INDICATOR CVARIABLE	{ check_indicator((find_variable($2))->type); $$ = $2; }
		| SQL_INDICATOR name		{ check_indicator((find_variable($2))->type); $$ = $2; }
		;

ident: IDENT						{ $$ = $1; }
		| CSTRING					{ $$ = make3_str(make_str("\""), $1, make_str("\"")); }
		;

quoted_ident_stringvar: IDENT
			{ $$ = make3_str(make_str("\""), $1, make_str("\"")); }
		| CSTRING
			{ $$ = make3_str(make_str("\""), $1, make_str("\"")); }
		| char_variable
			{ $$ = make3_str(make_str("("), $1, make_str(")")); }
		;

/*
 * C stuff
 */

c_stuff_item: c_anything			{ $$ = $1; }
		| '(' ')'			{ $$ = make_str("()"); }
		| '(' c_stuff ')'
			{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("("), $2, make_str(")")); }
		;

c_stuff: c_stuff_item	{ $$ = $1; }
		| c_stuff c_stuff_item
			{ $$ = cat2_str($1, $2); }
		;

c_list: c_term				{ $$ = $1; }
		| c_list ',' c_term	{ $$ = cat_str(3, $1, make_str(","), $3); }
		;

c_term:  c_stuff			{ $$ = $1; }
		| '{' c_list '}'	{ $$ = cat_str(3, make_str("{"), $2, make_str("}")); }
		;

c_thing:	c_anything	{ $$ = $1; }
		|	'('	{ $$ = make_str("("); }
		|	')'	{ $$ = make_str(")"); }
		|	','	{ $$ = make_str(","); }
		|	';'	{ $$ = make_str(";"); }
		;

c_anything:  IDENT					{ $$ = $1; }
		| CSTRING					{ $$ = make3_str(make_str("\""), $1, make_str("\"")); }
		| PosIntConst				{ $$ = $1; }
		| Fconst					{ $$ = $1; }
		| Sconst					{ $$ = $1; }
		| '*'						{ $$ = make_str("*"); }
		| '+'						{ $$ = make_str("+"); }
		| '-'						{ $$ = make_str("-"); }
		| '/'						{ $$ = make_str("/"); }
		| '%'						{ $$ = make_str("%"); }
		| NULL_P					{ $$ = make_str("NULL"); }
		| S_ADD						{ $$ = make_str("+="); }
		| S_AND						{ $$ = make_str("&&"); }
		| S_ANYTHING				{ $$ = make_name(); }
		| S_AUTO					{ $$ = make_str("auto"); }
		| S_CONST					{ $$ = make_str("const"); }
		| S_DEC						{ $$ = make_str("--"); }
		| S_DIV						{ $$ = make_str("/="); }
		| S_DOTPOINT				{ $$ = make_str(".*"); }
		| S_EQUAL					{ $$ = make_str("=="); }
		| S_EXTERN					{ $$ = make_str("extern"); }
		| S_INC						{ $$ = make_str("++"); }
		| S_LSHIFT					{ $$ = make_str("<<"); }
		| S_MEMBER					{ $$ = make_str("->"); }
		| S_MEMPOINT				{ $$ = make_str("->*"); }
		| S_MOD						{ $$ = make_str("%="); }
		| S_MUL						{ $$ = make_str("*="); }
		| S_NEQUAL					{ $$ = make_str("!="); }
		| S_OR						{ $$ = make_str("||"); }
		| S_REGISTER				{ $$ = make_str("register"); }
		| S_RSHIFT					{ $$ = make_str(">>"); }
		| S_STATIC					{ $$ = make_str("static"); }
		| S_SUB						{ $$ = make_str("-="); }
		| S_TYPEDEF				{ $$ = make_str("typedef"); }
		| SQL_BOOL					{ $$ = make_str("bool"); }
		| SQL_ENUM					{ $$ = make_str("enum"); }
		| INT					{ $$ = make_str("int"); }
		| SQL_LONG					{ $$ = make_str("long"); }
		| SQL_SHORT					{ $$ = make_str("short"); }
		| SQL_SIGNED				{ $$ = make_str("signed"); }
		| SQL_STRUCT				{ $$ = make_str("struct"); }
		| SQL_UNSIGNED				{ $$ = make_str("unsigned"); }
		| CHAR_P					{ $$ = make_str("char"); }
		| DOUBLE					{ $$ = make_str("double"); }
		| FLOAT_P					{ $$ = make_str("float"); }
		| UNION						{ $$ = make_str("union"); }
		| VARCHAR					{ $$ = make_str("varchar"); }
		| '['						{ $$ = make_str("["); }
		| ']'						{ $$ = make_str("]"); }
		| '='						{ $$ = make_str("="); }
		;

%%

void yyerror( char * error)
{
	char buf[1024];

	snprintf(buf,sizeof buf,"%s at or near \"%s\"", error, token_start ? token_start : yytext);
	buf[sizeof(buf)-1]=0;
	mmerror(PARSE_ERROR, ET_ERROR, buf);
}
