<REFENTRY ID="SQL-CREATEUSER">
 <REFMETA>
  <REFENTRYTITLE>
   CREATE USER
  </REFENTRYTITLE>
  <REFMISCINFO>SQL - Language Statements</REFMISCINFO>
 </REFMETA>
 <REFNAMEDIV>
  <REFNAME>
   CREATE USER
  </REFNAME>
  <REFPURPOSE>
   Creates account information for a new user
  </REFPURPOSE>
 <REFSYNOPSISDIV>
  <REFSYNOPSISDIVINFO>
   <DATE>1998-09-21</DATE>
  </REFSYNOPSISDIVINFO>
  <SYNOPSIS>
CREATE USER<REPLACEABLE CLASS="PARAMETER"> username</REPLACEABLE>
    [ WITH PASSWORD <REPLACEABLE CLASS="PARAMETER">password</REPLACEABLE> ]
    [ CREATEDB   | NOCREATEDB ]
    [ CREATEUSER | NOCREATEUSER ]
    [ IN GROUP     <REPLACEABLE CLASS="PARAMETER">groupname</REPLACEABLE> [, ...] ]
    [ VALID UNTIL  '<REPLACEABLE CLASS="PARAMETER">abstime</REPLACEABLE>' ]
  </SYNOPSIS>
  
  <REFSECT2 ID="R2-SQL-CREATEUSER-1">
   <REFSECT2INFO>
    <DATE>1998-09-21</DATE>
   </REFSECT2INFO>
   <TITLE>
    Inputs
   </TITLE>
   <PARA>
       <VARIABLELIST>
	<VARLISTENTRY>
	 <TERM>
	  <ReturnValue><replaceable class="parameter">username</replaceable></ReturnValue>
	 </TERM>
	 <LISTITEM>
	  <PARA>
	   The name of the user.
	  </PARA>
	 </LISTITEM>
	</VARLISTENTRY>
	<VARLISTENTRY>
	 <TERM>
	  <ReturnValue><replaceable class="parameter">password</replaceable></ReturnValue>
	 </TERM>
	 <LISTITEM>
	  <PARA>
	   The WITH PASSWORD clause sets the user's password within
	   the "<filename>pg_shadow</filename>" table. For this reason,
	   <filename>"pg_shadow</filename>" is no
	   longer accessible to the instance of <productname>Postgres</productname> that the
	   <productname>Postgres</productname> user's password is initially set to NULL.
	   <comment>The text here has got garbled.</comment> 
	   When a
	   user's password in the "<filename>pg_shadow</filename>"
	   table is NULL, user
	   authentication proceeds as it historically has (HBA,
	   PG_PASSWORD, etc). However, if a password is set for a
	   user, a new authentication system supplants any other
	   configured for the <productname>Postgres</productname> instance, and the password
	   stored in the "<filename>pg_shadow</filename>" table is used
	   for authentication.
	   For more details on how this authentication system
	   functions see pg_crypt(3). If the WITH PASSWORD clause is
	   omitted, the user's password is set to the empty
	   string with equates to a NULL value in the authentication
	   system mentioned above.
	  </PARA>
	 </LISTITEM>
	</VARLISTENTRY>
	<VARLISTENTRY>
	 <TERM>
	  <ReturnValue> CREATEDB/NOCREATEDB</ReturnValue>   
	 </TERM>
	 <LISTITEM>
	  <PARA> 
	   These clauses define a user's ability to create databases.
	   If CREATEDB is specified, the user being defined will
	   be allowed to create his own databases. Using NOCREATEDB
	   will deny a user the ability to create databases. If this
	   clause is omitted,  NOCREATEDB is used by default.
	  </PARA>
	 </LISTITEM>
	</VARLISTENTRY>
	<VARLISTENTRY>
	 <TERM>
	  <ReturnValue>CREATEUSER/NOCREATEUSER</ReturnValue>
	 </TERM>
	 <LISTITEM>
	  <PARA>
	   These clauses determine whether a user will be permitted to
	   create new
	   users in an instance of <productname>Postgres</productname>.
	   Omitting this clause will set the user's value of this
	   attribute to be NOCREATEUSER.
	  </PARA>
	 </LISTITEM>
	</VARLISTENTRY>
	<VARLISTENTRY>
	 <TERM>
	  <ReturnValue><replaceable class="parameter">groupname</replaceable></ReturnValue>
	 </TERM>
	 <LISTITEM>
	  <PARA>
	   A name of a group into which to insert the user as a new member.
	  </PARA>
	 </LISTITEM>
	</VARLISTENTRY>
	<VARLISTENTRY>
	 <TERM>
	  <ReturnValue><replaceable class="parameter">abstime</replaceable></ReturnValue>
	 </TERM>
	 <LISTITEM>
	  <PARA>
	   The VALID UNTIL clause sets an absolute time after which the
	   user's <productname>Postgres</productname> login is no longer valid. Please note that
	   if a user does not have a password defined in the
	   "<filename>pg_shadow</filename>"
	   table, the valid until date will not be checked
	   during user authentication. If this clause is omitted,
	   a NULL value is stored in "<filename>pg_shadow</filename>" 
	   for this attribute,
	   and the login will be valid for all time.
	  </PARA>
	 </LISTITEM>
	</VARLISTENTRY>
       </variablelist>
  </REFSECT2>
  
  <REFSECT2 ID="R2-SQL-CREATEUSER-2">
   <REFSECT2INFO>
    <DATE>1998-09-21</DATE>
   </REFSECT2INFO>
   <TITLE>
    Outputs
   </TITLE>
   <PARA>
   </PARA>
       <VARIABLELIST>
	<VARLISTENTRY>
	 <TERM>
	  <ReturnValue>CREATE USER</ReturnValue>
	 </TERM>
	 <LISTITEM>
	  <PARA>
	   Message returned if the command completes successfully.
	  </PARA>
	 </LISTITEM>
	</VARLISTENTRY>
	<VARLISTENTRY>
	 <TERM>
	  <ReturnValue>ERROR:  removeUser: user "<replaceable class="parameter">username</replaceable>" does not exist</ReturnValue>
	 </TERM>
	 <LISTITEM>
	  <PARA>
           if "<replaceable class="parameter">username</replaceable>" not found.
	  </PARA>
	  <comment>I don't understand this and I don't know how to get
this error message.</comment>
   </VARIABLELIST>
  </REFSECT2>
 </REFSYNOPSISDIV>
 
 <REFSECT1 ID="R1-SQL-CREATEUSER-1">
  <REFSECT1INFO>
   <DATE>1998-09-21</DATE>
  </REFSECT1INFO>
  <TITLE>
   Description
  </TITLE>
  <PARA>
   CREATE USER will add a new user to an instance of 
<productname>Postgres</productname>.
  </PARA>
  <PARA>
   The new user will be given a <filename>usesysid</filename> of:
   '<command>SELECT MAX(usesysid) + 1 FROM pg_shadow</command>'.
   This means that 
   <productname>Postgres</productname> users' <filename>usesysid</filename>s will not
   correspond to their operating
   system(OS) user ids. The exception to this rule is
   the '<literal>postgres</literal>' user, whose OS user id
   is used as the
   <filename>usesysid</filename> during the initdb process. 
   If you still want the
   OS user id and the <filename>usesysid</filename> to match
   for any given user,
    use the "createuser" script provided with the <productname>Postgres</productname>
   distribution.
  </PARA>
  
  <REFSECT2 ID="R2-SQL-CREATEUSER-3">
   <REFSECT2INFO>
    <DATE>1998-09-21</DATE>
   </REFSECT2INFO>
   <TITLE>
    Notes
   </TITLE>
   <PARA>
    CREATE USER statement is a <productname>Postgres</productname> language extension.
   </PARA>
   <para>
   Use DROP USER or ALTER USER statements to remove or modify a user
   account.</para>
   <para>
    Refer to the <filename>pg_shadow</filename> table for further information.
   </para>
   <programlisting>
   Table    = pg_shadow
   +--------------------------+--------------------------+-------+
   |          Field           |          Type            | Length|
   +--------------------------+--------------------------+-------+
   | usename                  | name                     |    32 |
   | usesysid                 | int4                     |     4 |
   | usecreatedb              | bool                     |     1 |
   | usetrace                 | bool                     |     1 |
   | usesuper                 | bool                     |     1 |
   | usecatupd                | bool                     |     1 |
   | passwd                   | text                     |   var |
   | valuntil                 | abstime                  |     4 |
   +--------------------------+--------------------------+-------+
   </programlisting>
  </REFSECT2>
  
 <REFSECT1 ID="R1-SQL-CREATEUSER-2">
  <TITLE>
   Usage
  </TITLE>
  <PARA>
   Create a user with no password:
  </PARA>
  <ProgramListing>
   CREATE USER jonathan
  </ProgramListing>
  <PARA>
   Create a user with a password:
  </PARA>
  <ProgramListing>
   CREATE USER davide WITH PASSWORD jw8s0F4
  </ProgramListing>
  <para>
   Create a user with a password, whose account is valid until the end of 2001.
   Note that after one second has ticked in 2002, the account is not
   valid:
  </para>
  <ProgramListing>
   CREATE USER miriam WITH PASSWORD jw8s0F4 VALID UNTIL 'Jan 1 2002'
  </ProgramListing>
  <para> 
   Create an account where the user can create databases:
  </para>
  <ProgramListing>
   CREATE USER manuel WITH PASSWORD jw8s0F4 CREATEDB
  </ProgramListing>
  
 </REFSECT1>
 
 <REFSECT1 ID="R1-SQL-CREATEUSER-3">
  <TITLE>
   Compatibility
  </TITLE>
  <PARA>
  </PARA>
  
  <REFSECT2 ID="R2-SQL-CREATEUSER-4">
   <REFSECT2INFO>
    <DATE>1998-09-21</DATE>
   </REFSECT2INFO>
   <TITLE>
    SQL92
   </TITLE>
   <PARA>
   There is no CREATE USER statement in SQL92.
   </PARA>
</REFENTRY>


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