--
-- TIMESTAMP
--

CREATE TABLE TIMESTAMP_TBL (d1 timestamp(2) without time zone);

-- Test shorthand input values
-- We can't just "select" the results since they aren't constants; test for
-- equality instead.  We can do that by running the test inside a transaction
-- block, within which the value of 'now' shouldn't change, and so these
-- related values shouldn't either.

BEGIN;

INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('today');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('yesterday');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('tomorrow');
-- time zone should be ignored by this data type
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('tomorrow EST');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('tomorrow zulu');

SELECT count(*) AS One FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL WHERE d1 = timestamp without time zone 'today';
SELECT count(*) AS Three FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL WHERE d1 = timestamp without time zone 'tomorrow';
SELECT count(*) AS One FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL WHERE d1 = timestamp without time zone 'yesterday';

COMMIT;

DELETE FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

-- Verify that 'now' *does* change over a reasonable interval such as 100 msec,
-- and that it doesn't change over the same interval within a transaction block

INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('now');
SELECT pg_sleep(0.1);

BEGIN;
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('now');
SELECT pg_sleep(0.1);
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('now');
SELECT pg_sleep(0.1);
SELECT count(*) AS two FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL WHERE d1 = timestamp(2) without time zone 'now';
SELECT count(d1) AS three, count(DISTINCT d1) AS two FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;
COMMIT;

TRUNCATE TIMESTAMP_TBL;

-- Special values
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('-infinity');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('infinity');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('epoch');

-- Postgres v6.0 standard output format
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Mon Feb 10 17:32:01 1997 PST');

-- Variations on Postgres v6.1 standard output format
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Mon Feb 10 17:32:01.000001 1997 PST');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Mon Feb 10 17:32:01.999999 1997 PST');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Mon Feb 10 17:32:01.4 1997 PST');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Mon Feb 10 17:32:01.5 1997 PST');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Mon Feb 10 17:32:01.6 1997 PST');

-- ISO 8601 format
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('1997-01-02');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('1997-01-02 03:04:05');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('1997-02-10 17:32:01-08');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('1997-02-10 17:32:01-0800');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('1997-02-10 17:32:01 -08:00');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('19970210 173201 -0800');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('1997-06-10 17:32:01 -07:00');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('2001-09-22T18:19:20');

-- POSIX format (note that the timezone abbrev is just decoration here)
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('2000-03-15 08:14:01 GMT+8');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('2000-03-15 13:14:02 GMT-1');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('2000-03-15 12:14:03 GMT-2');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('2000-03-15 03:14:04 PST+8');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('2000-03-15 02:14:05 MST+7:00');

-- Variations for acceptable input formats
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 10 17:32:01 1997 -0800');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 10 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 10 5:32PM 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('1997/02/10 17:32:01-0800');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('1997-02-10 17:32:01 PST');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb-10-1997 17:32:01 PST');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('02-10-1997 17:32:01 PST');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('19970210 173201 PST');
set datestyle to ymd;
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('97FEB10 5:32:01PM UTC');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('97/02/10 17:32:01 UTC');
reset datestyle;
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('1997.041 17:32:01 UTC');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('19970210 173201 America/New_York');
-- this fails (even though TZ is a no-op, we still look it up)
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('19970710 173201 America/Does_not_exist');

-- Check date conversion and date arithmetic
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('1997-06-10 18:32:01 PDT');

INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 10 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 11 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 12 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 13 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 14 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 15 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 1997');

INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 0097 BC');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 0097');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 0597');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 1097');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 1697');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 1797');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 1897');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 2097');

INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 28 17:32:01 1996');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 29 17:32:01 1996');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Mar 01 17:32:01 1996');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Dec 30 17:32:01 1996');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Dec 31 17:32:01 1996');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Jan 01 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 28 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 29 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Mar 01 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Dec 30 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Dec 31 17:32:01 1997');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Dec 31 17:32:01 1999');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Jan 01 17:32:01 2000');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Dec 31 17:32:01 2000');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Jan 01 17:32:01 2001');

-- Currently unsupported syntax and ranges
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 -0097');
INSERT INTO TIMESTAMP_TBL VALUES ('Feb 16 17:32:01 5097 BC');

SELECT d1 FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

-- Check behavior at the lower boundary of the timestamp range
SELECT '4714-11-24 00:00:00 BC'::timestamp;
SELECT '4714-11-23 23:59:59 BC'::timestamp;  -- out of range
-- The upper boundary differs between integer and float timestamps, so no check

-- Demonstrate functions and operators
SELECT d1 FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL
   WHERE d1 > timestamp without time zone '1997-01-02';

SELECT d1 FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL
   WHERE d1 < timestamp without time zone '1997-01-02';

SELECT d1 FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL
   WHERE d1 = timestamp without time zone '1997-01-02';

SELECT d1 FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL
   WHERE d1 != timestamp without time zone '1997-01-02';

SELECT d1 FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL
   WHERE d1 <= timestamp without time zone '1997-01-02';

SELECT d1 FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL
   WHERE d1 >= timestamp without time zone '1997-01-02';

SELECT d1 - timestamp without time zone '1997-01-02' AS diff
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL WHERE d1 BETWEEN '1902-01-01' AND '2038-01-01';

SELECT date_trunc( 'week', timestamp '2004-02-29 15:44:17.71393' ) AS week_trunc;

-- verify date_bin behaves the same as date_trunc for relevant intervals

-- case 1: AD dates, origin < input
SELECT
  str,
  interval,
  date_trunc(str, ts) = date_bin(interval::interval, ts, timestamp '2001-01-01') AS equal
FROM (
  VALUES
  ('week', '7 d'),
  ('day', '1 d'),
  ('hour', '1 h'),
  ('minute', '1 m'),
  ('second', '1 s'),
  ('millisecond', '1 ms'),
  ('microsecond', '1 us')
) intervals (str, interval),
(VALUES (timestamp '2020-02-29 15:44:17.71393')) ts (ts);

-- case 2: BC dates, origin < input
SELECT
  str,
  interval,
  date_trunc(str, ts) = date_bin(interval::interval, ts, timestamp '2000-01-01 BC') AS equal
FROM (
  VALUES
  ('week', '7 d'),
  ('day', '1 d'),
  ('hour', '1 h'),
  ('minute', '1 m'),
  ('second', '1 s'),
  ('millisecond', '1 ms'),
  ('microsecond', '1 us')
) intervals (str, interval),
(VALUES (timestamp '0055-6-10 15:44:17.71393 BC')) ts (ts);

-- bin timestamps into arbitrary intervals
SELECT
  interval,
  ts,
  origin,
  date_bin(interval::interval, ts, origin)
FROM (
  VALUES
  ('15 days'),
  ('2 hours'),
  ('1 hour 30 minutes'),
  ('15 minutes'),
  ('10 seconds'),
  ('100 milliseconds'),
  ('250 microseconds')
) intervals (interval),
(VALUES (timestamp '2020-02-11 15:44:17.71393')) ts (ts),
(VALUES (timestamp '2001-01-01')) origin (origin);

-- shift bins using the origin parameter:
SELECT date_bin('5 min'::interval, timestamp '2020-02-01 01:01:01', timestamp '2020-02-01 00:02:30');

-- disallow intervals with months or years
SELECT date_bin('5 months'::interval, timestamp '2020-02-01 01:01:01', timestamp '2001-01-01');
SELECT date_bin('5 years'::interval,  timestamp '2020-02-01 01:01:01', timestamp '2001-01-01');

-- Test casting within a BETWEEN qualifier
SELECT d1 - timestamp without time zone '1997-01-02' AS diff
  FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL
  WHERE d1 BETWEEN timestamp without time zone '1902-01-01'
   AND timestamp without time zone '2038-01-01';

-- DATE_PART (timestamp_part)
SELECT d1 as "timestamp",
   date_part( 'year', d1) AS year, date_part( 'month', d1) AS month,
   date_part( 'day', d1) AS day, date_part( 'hour', d1) AS hour,
   date_part( 'minute', d1) AS minute, date_part( 'second', d1) AS second
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT d1 as "timestamp",
   date_part( 'quarter', d1) AS quarter, date_part( 'msec', d1) AS msec,
   date_part( 'usec', d1) AS usec
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT d1 as "timestamp",
   date_part( 'isoyear', d1) AS isoyear, date_part( 'week', d1) AS week,
   date_part( 'isodow', d1) AS isodow, date_part( 'dow', d1) AS dow,
   date_part( 'doy', d1) AS doy
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT d1 as "timestamp",
   date_part( 'decade', d1) AS decade,
   date_part( 'century', d1) AS century,
   date_part( 'millennium', d1) AS millennium,
   round(date_part( 'julian', d1)) AS julian
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

-- TO_CHAR()
SELECT to_char(d1, 'DAY Day day DY Dy dy MONTH Month month RM MON Mon mon')
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT to_char(d1, 'FMDAY FMDay FMday FMMONTH FMMonth FMmonth FMRM')
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT to_char(d1, 'Y,YYY YYYY YYY YY Y CC Q MM WW DDD DD D J')
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT to_char(d1, 'FMY,YYY FMYYYY FMYYY FMYY FMY FMCC FMQ FMMM FMWW FMDDD FMDD FMD FMJ')
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT to_char(d1, 'HH HH12 HH24 MI SS SSSS')
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT to_char(d1, E'"HH:MI:SS is" HH:MI:SS "\\"text between quote marks\\""')
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT to_char(d1, 'HH24--text--MI--text--SS')
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT to_char(d1, 'YYYYTH YYYYth Jth')
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT to_char(d1, 'YYYY A.D. YYYY a.d. YYYY bc HH:MI:SS P.M. HH:MI:SS p.m. HH:MI:SS pm')
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT to_char(d1, 'IYYY IYY IY I IW IDDD ID')
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT to_char(d1, 'FMIYYY FMIYY FMIY FMI FMIW FMIDDD FMID')
   FROM TIMESTAMP_TBL;

SELECT to_char(d, 'FF1 FF2 FF3 FF4 FF5 FF6  ff1 ff2 ff3 ff4 ff5 ff6  MS US')
   FROM (VALUES
       ('2018-11-02 12:34:56'::timestamp),
       ('2018-11-02 12:34:56.78'),
       ('2018-11-02 12:34:56.78901'),
       ('2018-11-02 12:34:56.78901234')
   ) d(d);

-- timestamp numeric fields constructor
SELECT make_timestamp(2014, 12, 28, 6, 30, 45.887);
SELECT make_timestamp(-44, 3, 15, 12, 30, 15);
-- should fail
select make_timestamp(0, 7, 15, 12, 30, 15);
