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<H1>
PostgreSQL(ݥȥ쥹塼)ˤĤƤ褯(FAQ)</H1>
<P>
ʸǽ:		Tue Oct 17 00:21:20 EDT 2000
			(եդ 03/02/2001)
<P>
ߤΰݻ:	Bruce Momjian (<A
HREF="mailto:pgman@candle.pha.pa.us">pgman@candle.pha.pa.us</A>)<BR><P>
<P>
ʸκǿǤ
<A HREF="http://www.PostgreSQL.org/">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/</A>
Ǹ뤳ȤǤޤ
<P>

ץåȥۡͭμˤĤƤ:<A
 HREF="http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/docs/faq.html</A>
<BR>˲ޤ
<P>

<P>
<small><PRE>
[
	(ʲԤˤ [  ] ȤǰϤǵޤ)

	  http://www.PostgreSQL.org/ ˥ http://postgresql.nucba.ac.jp/
˥쥯Ȥ졢"Not Found" ˤʤäƤޤȤޤξϡ
		<A HREF="http://www.PostgreSQL.org/index.html">http://www.PostgreSQL.org/index.html</A>
	˥ƤߤƤ


ܸǤˤĤƤϰʲ̤Ǥ

ǽ:	2001ǯ0303
:		¼  (<A HREF="mailto:juk@jp.postgresql.org">Jun Kuwamura &lt;juk@jp.postgresql.org&gt;</A>)

 FAQκ˶Ϥ򤷤ƤäʲϤᡢ

		 ̭(<A HREF="mailto:Tanaka.Minoru@keiken.co.jp">Minoru Tanaka &lt;Tanaka.Minoru@keiken.co.jp&gt;</A>)
		а ãפ(<A HREF="mailto:t-ishii@sra.co.jp">Tatsuo Ishii &lt;t-ishii@sra.co.jp&gt;</A>)
		ƣ οͤ(<A HREF="mailto:tomos@elelab.nsc.co.jp">Tomohito Saitoh &lt;tomos@elelab.nsc.co.jp&gt;</A>)
		Ͼ  ȥ(<A HREF="mailto:baba@kusastro.kyoto-u.ac.jp">Hajime Baba &lt;baba@kusastro.kyoto-u.ac.jp&gt;</A>)
		 칬(<A HREF="mailto:kokamoto@itg.hitachi.co.jp">Kazuyuki Okamoto &lt;kokamoto@itg.hitachi.co.jp&gt;</A>)
		 줵(<A HREF="mailto:s-kosuge@str.hitachi.co.jp">Shoichi Kosuge &lt;s-kosuge@str.hitachi.co.jp&gt;</A>)
		 Ƿ(<A HREF="mailto:dica@eurus.dti.ne.jp">Yoshiyuki Yamashita &lt;dica@eurus.dti.ne.jp&gt;</A>)
		 Ϻ(<A HREF="mailto:s_sakai@mxn.mesh.ne.jp">Sintaro Sakai &lt;s_sakai@mxn.mesh.ne.jp&gt;</A>)
		 ʤ(<A HREF="mailto:ogochan@zetabits.com">Masami Ogoshi &lt;ogochan@zetabits.com&gt;</A>)
		 ӹԤ(<A HREF="mailto:tosiyuki@gol.com">Toshiyuki Ishikawa &lt;tosiyuki@gol.com&gt;</A>)
		 й(<A HREF="mailto:fwif0083@mb.infoweb.ne.jp">Shigehiro Honda &lt;fwif0083@mb.infoweb.ne.jp&gt;</A>)


ݥȥ쥹˴ؤ˭٤<A HREF="http://www.sra.co.jp/people/t-ishii/PostgreSQL/ML/info.html">ܸݥȥ쥹᡼󥰥ꥹ</A>
ΤääƤ줿 <A HREF="http://jf.linux.or.jp/">JF</A>(Linux Japanese FAQ Mailing List)ץȡ
¾ľܤ뤤ϴŪˤäƤ뤹٤ƤΥץ󥽡
ߥ˥ƥγ˴դޤ

  ܸǤΤʸ
	<A HREF="http://www.jp.postgresql.org/">http://www.jp.postgresql.org/</A>
	<A HREF="http://www.rccm.co.jp/~juk/pgsql/">http://www.rccm.co.jp/~juk/pgsql/</A>
	<A HREF="http://www.sra.co.jp/people/t-ishii/PostgreSQL/">http://www.sra.co.jp/people/t-ishii/PostgreSQL/</A>
	<A HREF="http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/">http://www.linux.or.jp/JF/</A>
⤿ɤޤ

ʤ˴ؤ뤴ո(<A HREF="mailto:juk@jp.postgresql.org">juk@jp.postgresql.org</A>)ޤǤ󤻲
]
</PRE></small>

<P>
<HR>
<P>

<H2><CENTER> Ūʼ</CENTER></H2>

<A HREF="#1.1">1.1</A>)	PostgreSQLȤϲǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.2">1.2</A>)	PostgreSQLϤɤʤäƤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.3">1.3</A>)	PostgreSQLưUnixץåȥۡϡ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.4">1.4</A>)	UnixʳΰܿǤǻȤΤϡ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.5">1.5</A>)	PostgreSQLϤɤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.6">1.6</A>)	ݡȤϤɤǼޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.7">1.7</A>)	ǿǤϲǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.8">1.8</A>)	ɤΤ褦ʸ񤬤ޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.9">1.9</A>)	ΤΥХ̵ǽϤɤäƸĤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.10">1.10</A>)	<font size=-1>SQL</font>Ϥɤгؤ٤ޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.11">1.11</A>)	PostgreSQL2000ǯ(Y2K)бƤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.12">1.12</A>)	ȯˤϤɤΤ褦˻äޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.13">1.13</A>)	ХݡȤϤɤΤ褦ȯޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#1.14">1.14</A>)	¾<font size=-1>DBMS</font>Τ٤PostgreSQLϤɤʤΤǤ<BR>


<H2><CENTER>桼饤Ȥμ</CENTER></H2>

<A HREF="#2.1">2.1</A>)	PostgreSQL  <font size=-1>ODBC</font> ɥ饤СϤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#2.2">2.2</A>)	PostgreSQL  Web ڡϢȤˤϤɤʥġ뤬ޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#2.3">2.3</A>)	PostgreSQL ϥե롦桼󥿡եޤ
ݡȥͥ졼ϡ 䤤碌쥤󥿡եϡ<BR>
<A HREF="#2.4">2.4</A>)	PostgreSQL ̿ˤϤɤʸ줬Ȥޤ<BR>


<H2><CENTER>μ</CENTER></H2>

<A HREF="#3.1">3.1</A>)	ɤΤ褦ˤ <I>/usr/local/pgsql</I> ʳξ˥󥹥ȡǤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#3.2">3.2</A>)	postmaster 餻ȡ
<I>Bad System Call</I> ȤפȤΥåФޤʤǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#3.3">3.3</A>)	<I>postmaster</I> 餻褦Ȥȡ
<I>IpcMemoryCreate</I> 顼ФޤʤǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#3.4">3.4</A>)	<I>postmaster</I>餻褦Ȥȡ
<I>IpcSemaphoreCreate</I> 顼ФޤʤǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#3.5">3.5</A>)	¾ΥۥȤ鼫ʬPostgreSQLǡ١ؤΥɤˤϤɤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#3.6">3.6</A>)	ʤ¾Υޥ󤫤鼫ʬΥǡ١³ǤʤΤǤ礦<BR>
<A HREF="#3.7">3.7</A>)	ɤǽ뤿ˤϡǡ١󥸥ɤΤ褦ĴɤǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#3.8">3.8</A>)	ɤΤ褦ʥǥХǽȤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#3.9">3.9</A>)	³褦ȤȤ <I>'Sorry, too many clients'</I> ФޤʤǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#3.10">3.10</A>)	ʬΥǡ١ǥ쥯ȥˤ <I>pg_sorttemp.XXX</I> եϲǤ<BR>


<H2><CENTER>μ</CENTER></H2>

<A HREF="#4.1">4.1</A>)	ʤƥϥޤ侮եեޥåȤǺ𤹤ΤǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.2">4.2</A>)	Хʥꡦ̾ΥȤθ̩ʰ㤤ϲǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.3">4.3</A>)	ǽοԤΤߤ <font size=-1>select</font> ˤϤɤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.4">4.4</A>)	ơ֥䤽¾ξΥꥹȤ <I>psql</I> ǸˤϤɤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.5">4.5</A>)	ơ֥뤫κϤɤΤ褦ˤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.6">4.6</A>)	ԡơ֥롢ǡ١κ祵ϡ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.7">4.7</A>)	Ūʥƥȥե뤫ǡ¸ˤϡ
ǡ١Υǥ̤ϤɤΤ餤ɬפǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.8">4.8</A>)	ǡ١줿ơ֥䥤ǥåɤΤ褦˸ĤФޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.9">4.9</A>)	䤤碌٤ǥåȤäƤͻҤޤ󡣤ʤǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.10">4.10</A>) 䤤碌֥ƥޥɤΤ褦䤤碌ɾ뤫򸫤ˤϤɤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.11">4.11</A>) R-tree ǥåȤϲǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.12">4.12</A>) Ū䤤碌ŬȤϲǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.13">4.13</A>) ɽǤθʸȾʸȤ̤ʤɽϤɤΤ褦˼¸ޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.14">4.14</A>) 䤤碌ǡեɤ <font size=-1>NULL</font> Ǥ뤳Ȥ򸡽ФˤϤɤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.15">4.15</A>) ʸΤ줾ΰ㤤ϲǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.16.1">4.16.1</A>) (serial)ưʬեɤϤɤΤ褦ˤĤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.16.2">4.16.2</A>) <font size=-1>SERIAL</font>󥵡ȤͤϤɤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.16.3">4.16.3</A>) ¾Υ桼Ȥζ֤򤱤뤿ˤϡ<I>currval()</I>  <I>nextval()</I> ϻȤʤۤ褤ΤǤ礦<BR>
<A HREF="#4.17">4.17</A>) <font size=-1>OID</font> ȤϲǤ <font size=-1>TID</font> ȤϲǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.18">4.18</A>) PostgreSQL ǻȤ뤤ĤѸΰ̣ϲǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.19">4.19</A>) 顼å <I>"ERROR: Memory exhausted in AllocSetAlloc()"</I>ФΤϤʤǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.20">4.20</A>) ɤΥС PostgreSQL 餻ƤΤĴ٤ˤϤɤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.21">4.21</A>) 顼֥Ȥǡ<I>invalid large obj descriptor</I>ȽФޤʤǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.22">4.22</A>) ߤλ郎ǥեȤȤʤ褦ϤɤΤ褦ˤĤޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.23">4.23</A>) ʤ<font size=-1>IN</font>Ȥ䤤碌ȤƤ٤ΤǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#4.24">4.24</A>) <i></i>(<i>outer</i> join)ϤɤΤ褦˼¸ޤ?<BR>

<H2><CENTER>PostgreSQLγĥˤĤƤμ</CENTER></H2>

<A HREF="#5.1">5.1</A>)	ʬǽ񤤤桼ؿ psql Ǽ¹ԤȥפƤޤΤϤʤǤ<BR>
<A HREF="#5.2">5.2</A>)	PostgreSQL Ѥ˽񤤤ʿؿϡɤд£Ǥޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#5.3">5.3</A>)	ץ֤ CδؿϤɤΤ褦˽񤭤ޤ<BR>
<A HREF="#5.4">5.4</A>)	եѹޤƥѥ뤷ƤѲʤΤϤʤǤ<BR>
<P>
<HR>
<H2><CENTER>Ūʼ</CENTER></H2>
<P>

<H4><A NAME="1.1">1.1</A>)	PostgreSQL ȤϲǤ</H4>

<P>PostgreSQL  POSTGRES ǡ١ƥβǤǡ <font size=-1>DBMS</font> ѤΥץȥפǤPostgreSQL  POSTGRES ζϤʥǡǥ˭٤ʥǡ()񤷤ĤġPOSTGRES ǻȤ줿 PostQuel 䤤碌򡢳ĥ <font size=-1>SQL</font> Υ֥åȤ֤ƤޤPostgreSQL ̵ǴʥѤǤޤ

<P>PostgreSQL Τ٤ƤγȯϡPostgreSQL ȯ᡼󥰥ꥹȤ˻äƤ륤󥿡ͥåȾγȯԥǹԤʤäƤޤߤκĹ Marc G. Fournier ( <A HREF="mailto:scrappy@PostgreSQL.org">scrappy@PostgreSQL.org</A> )Ǥ(ʲ˻äλޤ)ߡΥब PostgreSQLȯΤ٤Ƥ ݤ򸫤ޤ

<P>PostgreSQL 1.01 Ԥ Andrew Yu  Jolly Chen Ǥ¾ο͡ΥɤΰܿƥȡǥХӡɤ˹׸ޤPostgreSQL ɤǤ POSTGRES ϥե˥إС쥤ˤơ Michael Stonebraker λشΤȡ¿γ´ȥץޤϤˤޤ

<P>С쥤ˤ뤳ΥեȥΤȤ̾ Postgres Ǥ<FONT SIZE=-1>SQL</FONT> εǽɲä줿 1995 ǯˤ̾ Postgres95 ѹޤ1996 ǯνˤ̾ PostgreSQL ѹޤ

<I>Post-Gres-Q-L.</I>(ݥ - 쥹 - 塼 - ) ȯޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="1.2">1.2</A>)	PostgreSQL ϤɤʤäƤޤ</H4>

<P> PostgreSQL ϲ˽ޤ
<small><PRE>
    [
        ʸϱѸǤͤȤơʸʻǺܤޤ
    ]
</PRE></small>
<P>
PostgreSQL Data Base Management System<P>

Portions copyright (c) 1996-2000, PostgreSQL Global Development Group
Portions Copyright (c) 1994-6 Regents of the University of California<P>

Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its
documentation for any purpose, without fee, and without a written
agreement is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice
and this paragraph and the following two paragraphs appear in all
copies.
<P>
IN NO EVENT SHALL THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA BE LIABLE TO ANY PARTY
FOR DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES,
INCLUDING LOST PROFITS, ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE AND ITS
DOCUMENTATION, EVEN IF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HAS BEEN ADVISED OF
THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
<P>
THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS ANY WARRANTIES,
INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY
AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  THE SOFTWARE PROVIDED HEREUNDER
IS ON AN "AS IS" BASIS, AND THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA HAS NO
OBLIGATIONS TO PROVIDE MAINTENANCE, SUPPORT, UPDATES, ENHANCEMENTS, OR
MODIFICATIONS.
<P>

<small><PRE>
    [
	POSTGRESQL ǡ١ƥ

	ʬ (c) 1996-2001, PostgreSQLݳȯ
	ʬ (c) 1994-6 ե˥ܹ

	ΥեȥȤʸǡʤŪǤ⡢̵ǡѵ̵ˡ
	ѡʣ̡ơۤ뤳ȤؤεĤ򡢾嵭ɽ
	ӡ³Ĥ٤Ƥʣ̤źդ¤ˤơ
	ˤǧޤ

	Ȥե˥ؤʲΤ褦»βǽˤĤƸڤƤ
	ȤƤ⡥ΥեȥڤʸλѾ塤ľŪŪ̡
	⤷ɬŪˡ줿פޤ»˱ơ
	ФƤ⥫ե˥ؤϰڤǤ餤ޤ

	ե˥ؤϡŪΤξڤŬΰۤݾڤ
	ࡤ˸ꤵ뤳ȤΤʤʤݾڤΤޤ
	ˤѰդ줿եȥϡ֤뤬ޤޡפȤȤȤ
	ե˥ؤϰݻɡѰդ̳餤
	
    ]
</PRE></small>

<P>
<H4><A NAME="1.3">1.3</A>)	PostgreSQL ưĶϡ</H4>

<P>Ԥ PostgreSQL ΥѥȥƥȤ򼡤ΥץåȥۡǹԤʤޤ(ΤΤĤϥѥ gcc ɬפǤ)
<P>ŪˡǶUnixߴץåȥۡʤPostgreSQLϤ餻ϤǤ꡼λǼºݤ˥ƥȤԤʤäȤ𤬤ʤ줿ץåȥۡˤĤƤϥ󥹥ȡ󤷤Ƥޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="1.4">1.4</A>)	UnixʳΰܿǤǻȤΤϡ</H4>

<h6>
饤</h6>
<P> MS Windows ץåȥۡǡ<I>libpq</I> C 饤֥ꡢpsqlȤ¾Υ󥿡ե ѥǽǡХʥ꡼ޤξ硢饤Ȥ MS Windows 餻ơTCP/IP ͳǥݡȤƤ Unix ץåȥۡ륵Ф̿ޤ
<P> Win32 <I>libpq</I> 饤֥ psql 뤿ˡ<I>win31.mak</I> ۤ˴ޤޤƤޤPostgreSQL <font size=-1>ODBC</font> 饤ȤȤ̿Ǥޤ

<h6>
</h6>
<P> ߡCygnus Unix/NT ܿ饤֥ Cygwin ȤäơPostgreSQL ǡ١Ф Windows NT  Win2k ǲƯƤޤۤ˴ޤޤ<I>pgsql/doc/FAQ_MSWIN</I>뤤ϥ֥Ȥˤ MS Windows FAQ Microsoft ǤΥץåȥۡ˰ܿײϤޤ<P>


<P>
<H4><A NAME="1.5">1.5</A>)	PostgreSQL Ϥɤޤ</H4>
<P> PostgreSQL θ anonymous ftp ȤǤ

<UL>
	<LI>	<A HREF="ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub/">ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub/</A>
</UL>

<P> ߥ顼ȤˤĤƤϡ桹Υᥤ Web ڡ

<small><PRE>
    [:

	ʲܤΥߥ顼ȤǤ:

       Japan: <A HREF="ftp://mirror.nucba.ac.jp/mirror/postgresql/pub/">ftp://mirror.nucba.ac.jp/mirror/postgresql/pub/</A>
       Japan: <A HREF="ftp://ring.ip-kyoto.ad.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/">ftp://ring.ip-kyoto.ad.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/</A>
       Japan: <A HREF="ftp://ring.crl.go.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/">ftp://ring.crl.go.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/</A>
       Japan: <A HREF="ftp://ring.saitama-u.ac.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/">ftp://ring.saitama-u.ac.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/</A>
       Japan: <A HREF="ftp://ring.astem.or.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/">ftp://ring.astem.or.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/</A>
       Japan: <A HREF="ftp://ring.exp.fujixerox.co.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/">ftp://ring.exp.fujixerox.co.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/</A>
       Japan: <A HREF="ftp://ring.jah.ne.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/">ftp://ring.jah.ne.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/</A>
       Japan: <A HREF="ftp://ring.etl.go.jp.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/">ftp://ring.etl.go.jp.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/</A>
       Japan: <A HREF="ftp://ring.asahi-net.or.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/">ftp://ring.asahi-net.or.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/</A>
       Japan: <A HREF="ftp://ring.so-net.ne.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/">ftp://ring.so-net.ne.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/</A>
       Japan: <A HREF="ftp://ring.aist.go.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/">ftp://ring.aist.go.jp/pub/misc/db/postgresql/</A>
    ]
</PRE></small>

<P>

<H4><A NAME="1.6">1.6</A>)	ݡȤϤɤǼޤ</H4>

<P> פʥ᡼󥰡ꥹȤ: <A HREF="mailto:pgsql-general@PostgreSQL.org">pgsql-general@PostgreSQL.org</A>ǤPostgreSQL ˴ؤ뤳ȤǤеǤޤΥꥹȤؤλäΤϡŻҥ᡼ʸ(Subject ԤǤϤޤ)˼ΣԤ񤤤ơ

<PRE>
	subscribe
	end
</PRE>

<P> <A HREF="mailto:pgsql-general-request@PostgreSQL.org">pgsql-general-request@PostgreSQL.org</A> äƲ

<P> ǤΥ᡼󥰡ꥹȤ⤢ޤΥꥹȤؤλä "ʸ"ˡ

<PRE>
	subscribe
	end
</PRE>

Ƚ񤤤 <A HREF="mailto:pgsql-general-digest-request@PostgreSQL.org"> pgsql-general-digest-request@PostgreSQL.org</A> Żҥ᡼äƲ

<P> ǤϡᥤꥹȤå 30k ί˥ǥꥹȤΥСդޤ

<P> ХΥ᡼󥰥ꥹȤѤǤޤΥꥹȤؤλä "ʸ"Ȥäˡ
<A
HREF="mailto:bugs-request@PostgreSQL.org">bugs-request@PostgreSQL.org</A>

Żҥ᡼äƲ

<P> ȯԤεΤΥ᡼󥰥ꥹȤѤǤޤΥꥹȤؤλäŻҥ᡼ʸˡ

<P>
<PRE>
	subscribe
	end
</PRE>

<P> Ƚ񤤤ơ<A HREF="mailto:pgsql-hackers-request@PostgreSQL.org">pgsql-hackers-request@PostgreSQL.org</A>Żҥ᡼äƲ

<P> PostgreSQL ˤĤƤäȾܤΤꤿС postgreSQL WWWۡڡ餿ɤޤ

<BLOCKQUOTE>
		<A HREF="http://www.PostgreSQL.org">http://www.PostgreSQL.org</A>
</BLOCKQUOTE>
<P>

IRC ͥ EFNet ˤޤΥͥ <I>#PostgreSQL</I> Ǥ
unix ޥɤ<tt>irc -c '#PostgreSQL' "$USER" irc.phoenix.net</tt>
Ȥޤ<P>

<small><PRE>
    [:
	  1999ǯ723PostgreSQL桼(ˤۤ ݤȤ줹 桼 )άJPUGΩޤ
	JPUG ȿǡPostgreSQLѤã߶ϤξǤ
	β̵ǤѶŪʹ׸αĤƤޤܤϡJPUGWeb :
		<A HREF="http://www.jp.postgresql.org/">http://www.jp.postgresql.org/</A>
	ϿǽȤʤäƤޤ
	  1990ǯ椴ꡢݥȥ쥹ܸ᡼󥰡ꥹȤа ãפ󤬼ŤƤޤܺ٤ϡ
		<A HREF="http://www.sra.co.jp/people/t-ishii/PostgreSQL/ML/info.html">http://www.sra.co.jp/people/t-ishii/PostgreSQL/ML/info.html</A>
	֤򡢤來ꤵpgsql-jp MLƥ
		<A HREF="http://datula.mio.org/~iwakiri/pgsql_jp/">http://datula.mio.org/~iwakiri/pgsql_jp/</A>
	Ǹ뤳ȤǤޤ
	]
</PRE></small>


<P>ѥݡȲҤΥꥹȤ<a href="http://www.postgresql.org/users-lounge/commercial-support.html">http://www.postgresql.org/users-lounge/commercial-support.html</a>ˤޤ

<small><PRE>
    [:
	 ܤǤϡ<A HREF="http://osb.sra.co.jp/">SRA Inc. ץ󥷥ƥ</A> ˤƾѥݡȤԤʤƤޤ
	<A HREF="http://www.miraclelinux.co.jp/">ߥ饯롦ʥå</A>  "Miracle Linux for PostgreSQL" ȥݡȤ
	Ϥޤ
    ]
</PRE></small>

<P>

<H4><A NAME="1.7">1.7</A>)	ǿǤϲǤ</H4>

<P> PostgreSQL κǿǤϥС 7.0.3 Ǥ
<P>
桹ϡ4˥᥸㡼꡼ԤʤȤײ褷Ƥޤ
<P>

<H4><A NAME="1.8">1.8</A>)	ɤΤ褦ʸ񤬤ޤ</H4>

<P> դˡĤΥޥ˥奢ȥ饤󡦥ޥ˥奢(ޥ˥奢롦ڡ)ӤĤξʥƥ꤬ޤޤޤ<I>/doc</I> ǥ쥯ȥޤ饤ǤΥޥ˥奢<A
HREF="http://www.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/docs/">
http://www.PostgreSQL.org/users-lounge/docs/</A>
ǤǤޤ

<P>  PostgreSQL ܤ⤢ޤ <A
HREF="http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/awbook.html">
http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/awbook.html</A><P>

<small><PRE>
    [:
	ܥݥȥ쥹桼<A HREF="http://www.jp.postgresql.org/subcommittee/psqltrans/">PostgreSQL Bookʬʲ</A>ǡ
	Ȥʹ档
    ]
</PRE></small>

<P> <I>psql</I> ⡢黻ҡؿ󡢤¾ξ򤪸롢Ĥ餷 \d ޥɤޤ

<P> 桹 Web Ȥˤϡäʸ񤬤ޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="1.9">1.9</A>)	ΤΥХ̵ǽϤɤäƸĤޤ
</H4><P>

PostgreSQLϳĥ줿SQL-92Υ֥åȤ򥵥ݡȤޤ
桹Υڡ
<A HREF="http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/todo.html">
TODO</A> ꥹȤˡΤΥХǽ侭ײˤĤƤεҤޤ

<P> 
<H3><A NAME="1.10">1.10</A>)	<font size=-1>SQL</font> ϤɤΤ褦˳ؤ٤ɤǤ</H3>
<P>
<A HREF="http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/awbook.html">
http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/awbook.html</A>
ˤPostgreSQLܤ <font size=-1>SQL</font> 򶵤Ƥޤ

<P>
餷ؽˤϡ
<A HREF="http://w3.one.net/~jhoffman/sqltut.htm">
http://w3.one.net/~jhoffman/sqltut.htm</A> 
<A HREF="http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/graeme_birchall/HTM_COOK.HTM">
http://ourworld.compuserve.com/homepages/graeme_birchall/HTM_COOK.HTM.</A><P>
Ȥޤ¾ˡ
"Teach Yourself SQL in 21 Days, Second Edition" 
<A HREF="http://members.tripod.com/er4ebus/sql/index.htm">
http://members.tripod.com/er4ebus/sql/index.htm </A>
ˤޤ
<P>
¿Υ桼ˡ
<I>The Practical SQL Handbook</I>, Bowman Judith S. et al., Addison-Wesley
ɾǤ
¾ˡ<I>The Complete Reference SQL</I>, Groff et al., McGraw-Hill 
Τ褦ʤΤ⤢ޤ
<P>
<small><PRE>
    [:
	 аã׻ˤܸλʸξҲڡ
		<A HREF="http://www.SRA.co.jp/people/t-ishii/PostgreSQL/doc-jp/index.html">http://www.SRA.co.jp/people/t-ishii/PostgreSQL/doc-jp/index.html</A>
	ޤ
	 ƣľʸΡֽ鿴ԸΣģ߷硦ӣѣ绲ͽҲפΥʡ
		<A HREF="http://www.shonan.ne.jp/~nkon/ipsql/books_SQL.html">http://www.shonan.ne.jp/~nkon/ipsql/books_SQL.html</A>
	ޤ
	 ѱѻΡPostgreSQLܸޥ˥奢
		<A HREF="http://www.net-newbie.com/">http://www.net-newbie.com/</A>
	Ǥϥ饤ޥ˥奢θǤޤ
	 ݻ׻UNIX ǡ١
		<A HREF="http://www.wakhok.ac.jp/DB/DB.html">http://www.wakhok.ac.jp/DB/DB.html</A>
	ϥ饤ɤळȤǤޤ
    ]
</PRE></small>

<H4><A NAME="1.11">1.11</A>)	PostgreSQL2000ǯ(Y2K)бƤޤ
</H4><P>
 
бƤޤ2000ǯդ⡢2000ǯդ⡢ñ˰ޤ
<P>
<H4><A NAME="1.12">1.12</A>)	ȯˤϤɤΤ褦˻äޤ<BR>
</H4><P>

ޤǽ()ˡǿΥɤ桹 Web Ȥۤ˴ޤޤƤ
PostgreSQL Developersʸɤߤޤ
ܤˡ<I>pgsql-hackers</I>  <I>pgsql-patches</I> ᡼󥰡ꥹȤ(subscribe)ޤ
ܤˡʼΥѥåpgsql-patchesȯޤ

褽ͤäȤοãPostgreSQL <font size=-1>CVS</font>֤˥ߥåȤ븢¤äƤޤ
Τ줾οãιʼʥѥåȯΤǡߥߥåȤʤäƤãϤɤդΤѤǤ桹餬ߥåȤѥåϹʼǤȳοƤޤ
<P>
<H4><A NAME="1.13">1.13</A>)	ХݡȤϤɤΤ褦ȯޤ
</H4>

<P>"bug-template" եιܤơ<A HREF="mailto:pgsql-bugs@PostgreSQL.org">pgsql-bugs@PostgreSQL.org</A>äƲ

<P>  <A HREF="http://postgreSQL.org">http://postgreSQL.org</A>ˤǿ FAQ åƲ

<P> Ʊ ftp  <A HREF="ftp://ftp.postgreSQL.org/pub/">ftp://ftp.postgreSQL.org/pub/</A>ǡäȿС PostgreSQL 뤤ϥѥå򤵤ƤߤƲ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="1.14">1.14</A>)	¾<font size=-1>DBMS</font>Τ٤PostgreSQLϤɤʤΤǤ
</H4><P>

եȥפˡˤϤĤޤǽǽȿȥݡȤȲʤǤ

<DL>
<DT> <B>ǽ(Features)</B>
<DD>

PostgreSQLϡȥ󥶥䤤碌ȥꥬӥ塼䳰
Ȥ䡢ơ줿åʤɡ絬Ͼ<font size=-1>DBMS</font>ĵǽ
ȤɻäƤޤPostgreSQLϡˡ桼Ѿޥ-
С󡦥ƥ󥷥ʤɡ<font size=-1>DBMS</font>碌ʤǽ򤤤Ĥ
碌Ƥޤλ(foreign key referential
integrity)åƥ󥷥򸺤餹γ
(outer concurrency control)ϻ碌ޤ

<BR><BR>

<DT> <B>ǽ(Performance)</B>
<DD>

PostgreSQLĤΥ⡼ɤޤ̤<I>fsync</I>⡼ɤϡOS
å夷ꡢøŸꤷȤΤˡȥ󥶥
󤬴λ˥ǥ˽񤭹ߡ٤ƤΥǡǥ¸
Υ⡼ɤǤϡۤȤɤξѥǡ١٤ʤޤ
ʬŪͳȤơѤΥǡ١ˤϤΤ褦ݼŪʥǥ
񤭹ߤǥեȤȤƤΤʤȤȤ⤢ޤ
<I>no-fsync</I>⡼ɤǡ̡PostgreSQLϾѥǡ١®
ʤޤʤ顢OSΥåǥǡ˲뤫⤷
󡣲桹ϡ֥⡼ɤȯǡ줬ޤ椯ȡfsync
⡼ɤۤǽˤ뤳ȤʤOSå夹30ޤǤΥǡ
ݤƤ褦ˤʤޤ
<BR><BR>

MySQLʤɤòǡ١ƥˤ٤ơPostgreSQL
٤Τϡȥ󥶥ˤ륪Сإåɤ뤫Ǥ
MySQLˤϾ嵭<I>Features</I>˼褦ʵǽϤޤä
ޤ󡣲桹ϡPostgreSQL˽ȵǽȤ߹ߤʤ⡢䤨
ץե顼˳ݤ꥽ɤϤꤷơǽβ³
ƤޤPostgreSQL  MySQL ȤӤƤ Web ڡ
<a href="http://openacs.org/why-not-mysql.html">
http://openacs.org/why-not-mysql.html</a>
ˤޤ
<BR><BR>

PostgreSQLϡUnixץư뤳Ȥˤ桼³ޤ
ʣΥХåɡץåʤǡХåե
ͭޤޥCPUǤϡñʣΥХåɤ򤽤줾CPU
餻뤳ȤǤޤ<BR><BR>


<DT> <B>(Reliability)</B>
<DD>

桹ϡ<font size=-1>DBMS</font>ο⤯ʤƤϤβ̵ͤȤ򤷤Ƥޤ
ʬƥȤơꤷɤХǾˤƤ꡼褦˶
Ƥޤ줾Υ꡼ϾʤȤ1ʾΥ١ƥȤ
ʤޤǤΥ꡼򤬡ǤȤưꤷǤʥ꡼
뤳ȤʪäƤޤʬǤϡ¾Υǡ١٤Ƥ½
ʤȤ˼äƤޤ

<DT> <B>ݡ(Support)</B>
<DD>

桹Υ᡼󥰥ꥹȤϡɤˤĤƤƤ
롢ȯԤ桼ʥ롼פʤƤޤ桹β
ڤ뤳ȤϤǤޤ󤬡ѥǡ١ǤäƤ˲褵櫓
ǤϤޤ󡣳ȯã桼ߥ˥ƥޥ˥奢ࡢˡ
ɤʤɤľܥǤ뤳ȤäơPostgreSQLΥݡȤϡ
¾<font size=-1>DBMS</font>ݡȤͥ줿ΤȤʤäƤޤ˾ơ
ξѥݡȤ⤢ޤʥݡFAQܤˡ

<DT> <B>(Price)</B>
<DD>

PostgreSQLλѤϡѤǤѤǤ⡢٤̵Ǥ嵭˼Ƥ
BSDλѵ˳ʤ¤ꡢPostgreSQLΥɤ̵
ʤȤ߹ळȤǤޤ
<BR><BR>
</DL>
<P>
<HR>
<H2><CENTER>桼饤Ȥμ</CENTER></H2>
<P>

<H4><A NAME="2.1">2.1</A>)	PostgreSQL Τ <font size=-1>ODBC</font> ɥ饤СϤޤ
</H4>

<P> PsqlODBC  OpenLink <font size=-1>ODBC</font> Ĥ <font size=-1>ODBC</font> ɥ饤СѲǽǤ

<P> PsqlODBC  PostgreSQL ۤ˴ޤޤƤޤˤĤƤΤ˾ܺ٤ʾ 
<A HREF="ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub/odbc/">ftp://ftp.PostgreSQL.org/pub/odbc/</A>
Ǥޤ<P>

<small><PRE>
    [:
	PsqlODBC  ܸѥåҲ͵(kataoka@interwiz.koganei.tokyo.jp)ޤ:
	<A HREF="http://www.interwiz.koganei.tokyo.jp/software/PsqlODBC/index.html">http://www.interwiz.koganei.tokyo.jp/software/PsqlODBC/index.html</A>
    ]
</PRE></small>

<P> OpenLink <font size=-1>ODBC</font>  <A HREF="http://www.openlinksw.com/">http://www.openlinksw.com/</A>ǤޤɸŪ <font size=-1>ODBC</font> 饤ȡեȥǻȤޤΤǡٱ礷Ƥ뤹٤ƤΥץåȥۡ(Win, Mac, Unix, VMS) PostgreSQL  <font size=-1>ODBC</font> ѤǤޤ

<P> ֤ϡʼΥݡȤɬפʿ͡äƤȻפޤե꡼ǤϤĤǤǽΤ褦Ǥϡ<A HREF="mailto:postgres95@openlink.co.uk">postgres95@openlink.co.uk</A>ˤꤤޤ

<A HREF="http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/programmer/odbc.htm">
Programmer's Guide</A>
 <font size=-1>ODBC</font> ξϤ⤴


<P>
<H4><A NAME="2.2">2.2</A>)	PostgreSQL  Web ڡϢȤˤϤɤʥġ뤬ޤ
</H4>

<P> ǡ١΢˻ Web ڡˤĤƤ餷Ҳ𤬡<BR>
<A HREF="http://www.webtools.com">http://www.webtools.com</A> ˤޤ
<P><A HREF="http://www.phone.net/home/mwm/hotlist/">http://www.phone.net/home/mwm/hotlist/</A>ˤ⡢⤦Ĥޤ
<P> Web ؤγĥΤˤϡPHP ۤ󥿡եȤʤäƤޤ<A HREF="http://www.php.net">http://www.php.net/</A>ˤޤ

<small><PRE>
    [:
	  PHP˴ؤܸξϡ2000ǯ419ȯ­PHP桼Υ
		<A HREF="http://www.php.gr.jp/">http://www.php.gr.jp/</A>
	뤤ϡע वΥ
		<A HREF="http://www.cityfujisawa.ne.jp/~louis/apps/phpfi/index.html">http://www.cityfujisawa.ne.jp/~louis/apps/phpfi/index.html</A>
	ˤʤޤȤƤޤ
	   ˤ줿<A HREF="http://pg.cni.co.jp/">PHP/FIܸѥå</A>͡ʿͤμФPHP3.0.7ŬѤޤ
	ߤPHPJ-DEVˤơ
		<A HREF="http://php.jpnnet.com/">http://php.jpnnet.com/</A>
	ƣ濴˥ޥХȳĥȤƺľ졢ǿǤPHP-3.0.18бƤޤ
	   餵ϡPHP4 Ѥܸطγĥ⥸塼
		<A HREF="ftp://night.fminn.nagano.nagano.jp/php4/">ftp://night.fminn.nagano.nagano.jp/php4/</A>
	ѰդƲäƤޤ
	  ܲȤǹݲMLΩ夬äƤޤ
    ]
</PRE></small>

<P> ʣʾ硢¿οͤ Perl 󥿡ե CGI.pm Ȥޤ

<P> Perl Ȥä WDB ˤ WWW ȥ<A HREF="http://www.eol.ists.ca/~dunlop/wdb-p95">http://www.eol.ists.ca/~dunlop/wdb-p95</A>ɤǤޤ

<small><PRE>
    [:
	WDB ϡWeb  DataBase ؤ Perl  Interface Ǥ
	wdb-p95 ؤΥ󥯤ڤƤޤäƤޤ餯Perl DBI ͳ DBD::Pg ѤǽȻפޤ
	ߡWDBI Ȥ̾ˤʤäƤ
		<A HREF="http://www.egroups.com/list/wdb-users/">http://www.egroups.com/list/wdb-users/</A>
	ȡWDB̾ΤޤޤΤ
		<A HREF="http://www.i-con.dk/wdb/">http://www.i-con.dk/wdb/</A>
	ȤޤηаޤϤ褯狼ޤ
    ]
</PRE></small>

<P>
<H4><A NAME="2.3">2.3</A>)	PostgreSQL ϥե롦桼󥿡եäƤޤ ݡȡͥ졼ϡ 䤤碌ؤΥ󥿡եϡ
</H4>

<P> <I>pgaccess</I> ȸƤФ餷ե롦桼󥿡եꡢۤȶ˽в٤ޤ<I>Pgaccess</I> ˤϥݡȡͥ졼⤢ޤWeb ڡ<A HREF="http://www.flex.ro/pgaccess">http://www.flex.ro/pgaccess</A>Ǥ

<P> <I>ecpg</I> Ȥ C Τ <font size=-1>SQL</font> 䤤碌쥤󥿡ե⤢ޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="2.4">2.4</A>)	PostgreSQL ̿ˤϤɤʸ줬Ȥޤ
</H4>

<P>ʲΤΤޤ:

<UL>
<LI>C (libpq)
<LI>C++ (libpq++)
<LI>C (ecpg)
<LI>Java (jdbc)
<LI>Perl (perl5)
<LI>ODBC (odbc)
<LI>Python (<A HREF="http://www.druid.net/pygresql/">PyGreSQL</A>)
<LI>TCL (libpgtcl)
<LI>C Easy API (libpgeasy)
<LI><font size=-1>HTML</font> (<A HREF="http://www.php.net">PHP from http://www.php.net</A>)
</UL>
<P>

<small><PRE>
    [
	<A HREF="http://www.netlab.co.jp/ruby/jp/">ruby</A>κԤǤޤĤ 椭Ҥ(matz@ZetaBITS.COM)ȡޤĤ (ematsu@pfu.co.jp)
	ruby  PostgreSQL 󥿡եޤߤΰݻƣ Ф󤬤Ƥޤ
		<A HREF="http://webclub.kcom.ne.jp/mb/noborus/ruby/">http://webclub.kcom.ne.jp/mb/noborus/ruby/</A>
        PgBash    󤬺ä bash  PostgreSQL 󥿡եǤ
		<A HREF="http://www.psn.co.jp/PostgreSQL/pgbash/">http://www.psn.co.jp/PostgreSQL/pgbash/</A>
	Bashޥɥ饤postgres 䤤碌Ǥޤ
    ]
</PRE></small>

<P>
<P>
<HR>
<H2><CENTER>μ</CENTER></H2>
<P>

<H4><A NAME="3.1">3.1</A>)	ɤΤ褦ˤ <I>/usr/local/pgsql</I> ʳξ˥󥹥ȡǤޤ</H4>

<P> ñˡϡ <I>configure</I> 餻Ȥ --prefix ץꤹ뤳ȤǤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="3.2">3.2</A>)	postmaster 餻ȡ<I>Bad System Call</I> ȤפȤΥåФޤʤǤ
</H4>

<P> ޤޤ꤬ͤޤޤǽˤʤΥͥ System V IPC γĥ󥹥ȡ뤵Ƥ뤫ǧƸƤPostgreSQL ϥͥˤ붦ͭ꡼ȥޥեΥݡȤɬפȤޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="3.3">3.3</A>)	<I>postmaster</I> 餻褦Ȥȡ<I>IpcMemoryCreate</I> 顼ФޤʤǤ
</H4>

<P> ͥ뤬ͭ꡼ˤʤäƤʤäǤʤСͥФƻȤ붦ͭ꡼礭礭ꤹɬפޤŪ礭ϡȤäƤ륢ƥ<I>postmaster</I> 餻ȤꤹХåեοȥХåɥץ˰¸ޤۤȤɤΥƥǤϡͤΥХåեΤޤޤǡʤȤ1MBɬפǤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="3.4">3.4</A>)	<I>postmaster</I>餻褦Ȥȡ<I>IpcSemaphoreCreate</I> 顼ФޤʤǤ
</H4>

<P>⤷顼å<I>IpcSemaphoreCreate: semget failed (No space left on device)</I>ǤСͥ뤬ʬʥޥեȤ褦˹ƤޤPostgresŪʥХåɥץ˰ĤΥޥեɬפȤޤȤꤢβ<I>postmaster</I>ưȤˡХåɥץο꾯ʤ¤򤹤뤳ȤǤͤ32꾮ʿΥѥ᡼<I>-N</I>ǻȤޤ깱Ūʲϡͥ<font size=-1>SEMMNS</font>  <font size=-1>SEMMNI</font> ѥ᡼䤹ȤǤ
<P>⤷顼åʤˤ¾ΤΤǤСͥιǤޤäޥեΥݡȤ򤷤Ƥʤ⤷ޤ

<P>

<H4><A NAME="3.5">3.5</A>)	¾ΥۥȤ鼫ʬ PostgreSQL ǡ١ؤΥɤˤϤɤޤ
</H4>

<P>	ͤǤϡPostgreSQL  unix ɥᥤ󥽥åȤȤޥ󤫤³ޤ<I>postmaster</I> ư <I>-i</I> եåä<I>$PGDATA/pg_hba.conf</I> եŬڤľơۥȼƳǧڤȤʤ¾Υޥ󤫤³ǤʤǤ礦ˤTCP/IP³ǽˤʤޤ
<p>ǽʥޥե٤Υǡ١˥åȤޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="3.6">3.6</A>)	¾Υޥ󤫤鼫ʬΥǡ١³ǤʤΤϤʤǤ
</H4>

<P> Ǥϥޥ󤫤 unix ɥᥤΥå³ޤTCP/IP ³ǽˤˤ postmaster  <I>-i</I> ץǳϤƤơ<I>pgsql/data/pg_hba.conf</I> եŬڤʥۥȤεܤɲäƤ뤳ȤǧƤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="3.7">3.7</A>)	褤ǽ뤿ˡɤΤ褦˥ǡ١󥸥ĴǤޤ
</H4>

<P> Τ˥ǥå䤤碌®٤ޤ<font size=-1>EXPLAIN</font>ޥɤ PostgreSQL ɤΤ褦ˤʤ䤤碌Ƥ뤫򸫤뤳ȤǤơɤΥǥåȤƤ뤫򸫤뤳ȤǤޤ
<P>⤷ <font size=-1>INSERT</font> ¿ѤƤϡ<font size=-1>COPY</font> ޥɤȤä礭ʥХåǤԤʤȤƤƲϡ<font size=-1>INSERT</font> ̡˹Ԥʤäȹ®Ǥˡ<font size=-1>BEGIN WORK/COMMIT</font> Υȥ󥶥󡦥֥å̵ʸϡ鼫Ȥ줾Υȥ󥶥äƤȸʤޤĤʸĤΥȥ󥶥󡦥֥åǹԤʤȤͤƲˤȥ󥶥ΥСإåɤޤޤ礭ʥǡѹԤʤݤϥǥåٳơľȤͤƤߤƲ

<P> 塼˥󥰤Υץ󤬤Ĥޤ<I>postmaster</I>  <I>-o -F</I> ץǵư뤳Ȥˤäơ<I>fsync()</I> ̵ˤ뤳ȤǤޤˤäơƥȥ󥶥 <I>fsync()</I> ǥǥ򹹿Τߤᤵޤ

<P> <I>postmaster</I> <I>-B</I> ץȤäƥХåɡץˤȤ붦ͭ꡼Хåե礭뤳ȤǤޤ⤷Υѥ᡼⤯ȡͥζͭ꡼֤ͤۤƤޤä <I>postmaster</I> ʤʤǤ礦ͤǤϡ줾ΥХåե礭 8K ǡХåե 64 Ǥ

<P> Хåɤ <I>-S</I> ץȤäơ줾ΥХåɡץŪ¤ؤˤäƻȤ꡼κ祵䤹ȤǤޤ  <I>-S</I> ͤϥХñ̤ǡͤ 512 (ʤ512K)Ǥ

<P> ޤ<font size=-1>CLUSTER</font> ޥɤȤäơơ֥Υǡ򥤥ǥå˹碌뤿˥롼ײ뤳ȤǤޤܤϡ饤ޥ˥奢 <I>CLUSTER</I> 򸫤Ʋ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="3.8">3.8</A>)	ɤΤ褦ʥǥХǽȤޤ</H4>

<P> PostgreSQL ϡǥХΤ˰̣Τ롢־𤹤뤤Ĥεǽޤ

<P> ޤ--enable-cassert ץ <I>configure</I> 餻ޤƥѥ뤹뤳Ȥˤꡢ <I>assert()</I> ХåɤοĽƻ뤷ͽ̤Ȥȥץߤ褦ˤʤޤ

<P> <I>postmaster</I>  <I>postgres</I> ξǤĤΥǥХץѤǤޤޤΤ褦  <I>postmaster</I> ưȤϤĤǤ⡢ɸϤȥ顼Ϥե褦ˤƤ뤳ȤΤƲ

<PRE>
	cd /usr/local/pgsql
	./bin/postmaster &gt;server.log 2&gt;&1 &
</PRE>

<P> ˤ PostgreSQL κǾΥǥ쥯ȥ server.log ե뤬֤ޤΥեϥС䥨顼ˤĤͭѤʾޤߤޤ<I>Postmaster</I> Ϲ˾ܺ٤ʾ𤹤뤿 <I>-d</I> ץޤ <I>-d</I> ץϡǥХ٥ꤷޤ⤤ǥХ٥Ǥϡ礭ʥե뤳ȤդʤƤϤʤޤ

<P>⤷<i>postmaster</i>äƤʤС<I>postgres</I>Хåɤ򥳥ޥɹԤ餻뤳ȤǤľ<font size=-1>SQL</font>ʸ򥿥פ뤳ȤǤޤΤ꤫ϡǥХŪΤȤ<B></B>ᤷޤߥǤϤʤԤ䤤碌νˤʤ뤳ȤդƤ⤷ǥХܥƥѥ뤷ƤСǥХåȤäƲƤ뤫򸫤뤳ȤǤޤpostmaster Хåɤ򳫻Ϥ櫓ǤϤʤΤǡΩʴĶäƤΤǤϤʤåХåɤȤä꤬ʣ뤳ȤϤޤ

<P> ⤷<i>postmaster</i>äƤС륦ɥ<I>psql</I>򳫻Ϥȡ<i>psql</i> ǻȤ <i>postgres</i>ץ<font size=-1>PID</font>ĤޤǥХåȤä<i>postgres</i><font size=-1>PID</font>˥å(attach)ޤǥХå椫֥졼ݥȤ򥻥åȤ<i>psql</i>䤤碌ȯԤޤǥХΤ<i>postgres</i>ưϡPGOPTIONS="-W n" Ǥ줫顢<i>psql</i> 򳫻Ϥޤˤꡢ<i>n</i> óϤ٤餻ϤʤΤǡǥХåǥåƻưɤäƸ뤳ȤǤޤ

<P> postgreSQL ץˤϡǥХǽ¬ˤȤƤΩ <I>-s</I> <I>-A</I> <I>-t</I> Υץ󤬤ޤ

<P> ȤؿɤΤ餤¹Ի֤򿩤äƤ뤫򸫤뤿ˡץե󥰡ʥץեդˤǥѥ뤹뤳ȤǽǤΥХåɤΥץե롦ե <I>pgsql/data/base/dbname</I> ǥ쥯ȥ˳ǼǤ礦饤ȤΥץեϥ饤Ȥθԥǥ쥯ȥ֤Ǥ礦


<P>
<H4><A NAME="3.9">3.9</A>)	³褦ȤȤ <I>'Sorry, too many clients'</I> ФޤʤǤ
</H4>

<P> <I>postmaster</I>ƱưǤХåɥץФ¿䤹ɬפޤ
<P>PostgreSQL 6.5ʹߤǤϡκץ32ץǤŬڤ<I>-N</I>ͤ<I>postmaster</I>Ƶư뤳Ȥˤä뤳ȤǤޤιǤ<I>-N</I>Ϻ1024ޤǤޤ⤷äɬפǤ<I>include/config.h</I><font size=-1>MAXBACKENDS</font>äƹۤޤ⤷˾ʤ<I>configure</I> <I>--with-maxbackends</I>ؤȤäơ<I>-N</I>δͤǤޤ

<P>⤷<I>-N</I>  32礭ΤǤС<I>-B</I>64礭ͤäʤƤϤʤʤ<I>-B</I> ϾʤȤ <I>-N</I> 2ܤϤʤƤϤʤ餺餯ǹǽ˾ʤФ礭ͤɬפʤϤǤХåɥץ򤿤ˤȡUnixͥ빽ѥ᡼䤹Ȥɬפˤʤ뤫⤷ޤ
ͭ꡼֥åκ(<font size=-1>SHMMAX</font>)
ޥեκ(<font size=-1>SEMMNS</font><font size=-1>SEMMNI</font>)
ץκ(<font size=-1>NPROC</font>)
桼κץ(<font size=-1>MAXUPRC</font>)
եκ(<font size=-1>NFILE</font><font size=-1>NINODE</font>
ǧ˴ޤޤޤ
PostgreSQL˵ХåɤΥץ¤ƤΤϡ
ƥΥ꥽Ȥ̤ƤޤȤ򤱤뤿Ǥ

<P>6.5ΥСPostgreSQLǤϥХåɤκ64Ǥѹˤϡ<I>include/storage/sinvaladt.h</I>MaxBackendId˺ƹۤɬפǤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="3.10">3.10</A>)	ʬΥǡ١ǥ쥯ȥˤ <I>pg_sorttemp.XXX</I>եϲǤ
</H4>

<P> 䤤碌¹ԥ⥸塼ˤä줿ŪʥեǤ㤨С⤷ <font size=-1>ORDER BY</font> ˥Хåɤ <I>-S</I> ѥ᡼ǵĤͤ礭ʥڡȤκݤɬפȤȡ줿ǡݻ뤿˰Ūʥե뤬Ĥޤ
<P>
ŪʥեϼưŪ˾äϤǤ⤷ȤǥХåɤ٤ƤޤȤʤޤ󡣤⤷ΤȤХåɤҤȤĤäƤʤСpg_tempNNN.NNեäƤǤ

<P>
<P>
<HR>
<H2><CENTER>μ</CENTER></H2>
<P>

<H4><A NAME="4.1">4.1</A>)	ʤƥϥޤ侮եեޥåȤǺ𤹤ΤǤ
</H4>

<P> ΤƲPostgreSQL  <I>postmaster</I> ץ餻桼ΥȤޤpostgres psql ˤ SET ޥɤꡢǡ񼰤Ǥޤ򤢤ʤĶ˹碌ꤷƲ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.2">4.2</A>)	Хʥꡦ̾ΥȤθ̩ʰ㤤ϲǤ
</H4>

<P> ܽҤϡ饤ޥ˥奢 <font size=-1>DECLARE</font> 򸫤Ʋ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.3">4.3</A>)	䤤碌κǽοԤΤߤ <font size=-1>SELECT</font> ˤϤɤޤ
</H4>

<P> 饤ޥ˥奢<font size=-1>FETCH</font>򸫤Ƥ뤤ϡSELECT ... LIMIT....ȤäƤߤƲ

<P>ȤߤΤϺǽοԤǤ⡢٤Ƥ䤤碌ɾʤƤϤʤʤ⤷ޤ<font size=-1>ORDER BY</font> ä䤤碌ͤƤߤƲ
⤷<font size=-1>ORDER BY</font>˹äǥåȤ PostgreSQL׵ᤵ줿ǽοԤɾǤ뤫⤷ޤ󤬡ǤʤСPostgreSQL ϰտޤԤޤǤ٤ƤιԤɾʤФʤʤ⤷ޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.4">4.4</A>)	ơ֥䤽¾ξΥꥹȤ <I>psql</I> ǸˤϤɤޤ
</H4>

<P>
  <I>psql</I>Υɤ񤫤줿 <I>pgsql/src/bin/psql/describe.c</I> եɤळȤǤޤ
ˤϡpsqlΥХåå女ޥɤˤϤΤ<font size=-1>SQL</font>ޥɤޤޤƤޤ <I>psql</I>  <I>-E</I> ץĤƵưСͿޥɤ¹Ԥ뤿䤤碌Ϥޤ
<P>


<H4><A NAME="4.5">4.5</A>)	ơ֥뤫κϤɤΤ褦ˤޤ
</H4>

<P> <font size=-1>ALTER TABLE DROP COLUMN</font> ϥݡȤƤޤ󤬡ˤޤ:

<PRE>
	SELECT ...  -- ʳ򤹤٤򤷤ޤ
	INTO TABLE new_table
	FROM old_table;
	DROP TABLE old_table;
	ALTER TABLE new_table RENAME TO old_table;
</PRE>

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.6">4.6</A>)	ԡơ֥롢ǡ١κ祵ϡ
</H4>

<P> ¤ϰʲΤȤǤ
<PRE>
ǡ١κ祵? 	̵ (60GB Υǡ١¸ߤޤ)
ơ֥κ祵?           16TB
Ԥκ祵?                 7.1ʹߤ̵
եɤκ祵?         7.1ʹߤ1GB
ơ֥Ǥκ?       ̵
ơ֥Ǥκ祫?     ηˤ250-1600
ơ֥Ǥκ祤ǥ? ̵
</PRE>

<P> 󡢤ϼºݤ̵¤ǤϤʤǥ̤ȥ꡼䥹åץڡ礭ˤ¤ޤǽϤͤȤΤۤ礭ʻޤ

<P> ơ֥륵16TBϥڥ졼ƥ󥰥ƥΥ顼ե륵ݡȤɬפȤޤ󡣥顼ơ֥ʣ1GBΥեΤ褦¸ޤ

<P> ǥեȤΥ֥å32kˤȺơ֥륵Ⱥ祫Ȥäޤ


<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.7">4.7</A>)	Ūʥƥȥե뤫ǡ¸ˤϡǡ١Υǥ̤ϤɤΤ餤ɬפǤ
</H4>

PostgreSQL Υǡ١¸ˤϡ̤Υե6.5ܤΥǥ̤ɬפȤޤ<P>
<P> ƹԤĤ 300,000ԤΥեͤƤߤޤ礦ΥեǤ 2.4MB ǤΥǡޤ PostgreSQL ǡ١ե礭ϼΤ褦14MBȸѤ뤳ȤǤޤ

<PRE>
    36 bytes: ƹԤΥإå()
   + 8 bytes: 4ХȤĤ(int)ե
   + 4 bytes: ڡΥåץؤΥݥ
   ----------------------------------------
   48 bytes per row

   PostgreSQL Υǡڡ 8192Х(8KB)ʤΤ:

   8192 bytes per page
   -------------------   =  171 rows per database page (ڤ夲)
     48 bytes per row

   300000 data rows
   --------------------  =  1755 database pages
      171 rows per page
 
1755 database pages * 8192 bytes per page  =  14,376,960 bytes (14MB)
</PRE>

<P>
ǥåϡۤɤΥХإåɤ׵ᤷޤ󤬡ǥåդǡޤʾ塢ʤ礭ʤޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.8">4.8</A>)	ǡ١줿ơ֥䥤ǥåɤΤ褦˸ĤФޤ
</H4>

<P> <I>psql</I> ˤϤʥХåå塦ޥɤꡢɽޤХåå塦ޥɤμ򸫤ˤ \? ȤäƲ
<P> ޤ<I>pgsql/src/tutorial/syscat.source</I> ե餻ƤߤƲϡ <font size=-1>SELECT</font> ʸˤɬפʾǡ١Υƥࡦơ֥뤫Ф㼨Ƥޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.9">4.9</A>)	䤤碌٤ǥåȤäƤͻҤޤ󡣤ʤǤ
</H4>

<P> PostgreSQL ׾ưŪˤݼ餷ޤ׾򹹿뤿ˤϡ<font size=-1>VACUUM</font> 餻ʤƤϤʤޤ׾󤬹줿ϡ֥ƥޥơ֥˲Ԥ뤫ΤäơǥåȤ٤ηɤޤ֥ƥޥϥơ֥뤬Ϣ³®ǤϥǥåȤʤȤˤղ

<P> κŬפΤ<font size=-1>VACUUM ANALYZE</font>Ȥޤ<font size=-1>VACUUM ANALYZE</font>ʣʣ(multi-join)䤤碌ΤڤǤΤǡ֥ƥޥϤ줾Υơ֥뤫֤ԤοѤ뤳ȤǤηӤޤХåɤϤ켫ȤǤפݻʤΤǡŪˤ򽸤뤿ˤ <font size=-1>VACUUM ANALYZE</font> 餻ʤƤϤʤޤ

<P> ǥå <font size=-1>ORDER BY</font> Τˤ̤ϻȤޤ󡣤ʤ缡³ŪȤϡǥ꾯ʤƺѤΤǡʥơ֥򥤥ǥå󤹤®Ǥ

<P> <font size=-1>LIKE</font> 뤤 <I>~</I> Τ褦ʥ磻ɥɱ黻(wild-card  operators)ȤȤγϤʸλϤʬ˸ꤵƤȤˤΤߡǥåȤޤ
櫓ǡǥåȤˤϡ<font size=-1>LIKE</font> Ǥ<I>%</I>ǻϤʤ褦ˤơޤ<I>~</I>(ɽ)<I>^</I> ǻϤ褦ˤ٤Ǥ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.10">4.10</A>)	䤤碌֥ƥޥɤΤ褦䤤碌ɾΤ򸫤ˤϤɤޤ
</H4>

<P> 饤ޥ˥奢 <font size=-1>EXPLAIN</font> 򸫤Ʋ

<P>
<H3><A NAME="4.11">4.11</A>)	R-tree ǥåȤϲǤ</H3>

<P> R-tree ǥå϶Ūʥǡ˥ǥåդ뤿˻Ȥޤϥå奤ǥåǤϰϤθǤޤ󡣤ޤB-tree ǥåǤϡǤϰϤθǤޤR-tree ǥåǤ¿Υǡ򰷤ޤȤС⤷ R-tree ǥå <I>point</I> °դ뤳ȤǤȤȥƥϡĹ˰Ϥޤ줿򤹤٤򤹤פȤ褦䤤碌ˡΨɤޤ

<P> R-Tree ߷פθŵȤʤ븢Ҥʸ:

<P> Guttman, A. "R-Trees: A Dynamic Index Structure for Spatial Searching."
Proc of the 1984 ACM SIGMOD Int'l Conf on Mgmt of Data, 45-57.

<P> ʸϡStonebraker  "Readings in Database Systems"
Ǥ夲Ƥޤ

<P>
<small><PRE>
    [
	  ü¼R-TreeطʸҲ𤷤ĺޤ
	ܸ Postgres ML Υ֤ "Subject: [postgres95 801] spatial data structures" 
		<A HREF="http://www.sra.co.jp/people/t-ishii/PostgreSQL/mhonarc/pgsql-jp/1996Oct/msg00007.html">http://www.sra.co.jp/people/t-ishii/PostgreSQL/mhonarc/pgsql-jp/1996Oct/msg00007.html</A>
	
    ]
</PRE></small>

<P> ȹߤ R-Tree ǥݥꥴܥåǤޤŪˤR-Tree Ϥäȹ⤤褦ˤĥǤޤ¼ŪˤϡR-Tree γĥˤϤäȤȤɬפǤơߡ桹ϤɤΤ褦ˤ뤫ˤĤƤʸäƤޤ

<P>
<small><PRE>
    [
	  󥿡Ҳ¿֥ȤؤγĥǤܤϡ
	<A HREF="http://www.interwiz.koganei.tokyo.jp/software/geometric/index.html">http://www.interwiz.koganei.tokyo.jp/software/geometric/index.html</A>
	
    ]
</PRE></small>


<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.12">4.12</A>)	Ū䤤碌ŬȤϲǤ
</H4>

<P> GEQO ⥸塼ϡΥơ֥礹ȤˡŪ르ꥺ(GA)碌®ޤˤꡢߤĤ֤õԤʤʤƤ⡢礭ʷ(join queries)򰷤ȤǤ褦ˤʤޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.13">4.13</A>)	ɽǤθʸȾʸȤ̤ʤɽϤɤΤ褦˼¸ޤ
</H4>

<P>
<I>~</I>黻ҤɽȹԤʤ<I>~*</I> ʸȾʸ̤ʤ(case-insensitive)ɽȹԤޤ PostgreSQL 7.1 ʹߤǤϡʸȾʸ̤ʤ <font size=-1>LIKE</font> 黻Ҥ <font size=-1>ILIKE</font> Ȥޤ


<PRE>
	WHERE lower(textfield) LIKE lower(pattern)
</PRE>


<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.14">4.14</A>)	䤤碌ǡեɤ <font size=-1>NULL</font> Ǥ뤳Ȥ򸡽ФˤϤɤޤ
</H4>

<P> <font size=-1>IS NULL</font>Υ IS NOT NULL ǻƤߤƲ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.15">4.15</A>)	͡ʸΤ줾ΰ㤤ϲǤ
</H4>

<PRE>
Type            Internal Name   Notes
--------------------------------------------------
"char"          char            1 character
CHAR(#)         bpchar          ꤵ줿ĹȤʤ褦˶򤬵ͤ
VARCHAR(#)      varchar         Ĺξ¤̵ƥ
TEXT            text            Ĺ¤ϺĹˤ
BYTEA           bytea           ĹΥХ
</PRE>

<P> ̾ˤܤˤΤϡƥࡦĴ٤Ȥ䡢顼åȤǤ


<P> 嵭ηΤΣĤη "varlena" Ǥ(ʤǥκǽΣХȤǡĹǡθ˼ºݤΥǡ³ޤ)Τ褦˼ºݤζ֤줿礭⾯礭ʤޤΥǡ<font size=-1>TOAST</font>ˤ갵̤줿ʣԤϤä¸줿ꤷơǥζ֤ϻפä꾮ʤޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.16.1">4.16.1</A>)	(serial)ưʬեɤϤɤΤ褦ˤĤޤ
</H4>

<P> PostgreSQL  <font size=-1>SERIAL</font> ǡ򥵥ݡȤޤ֤ȥǥåưޤȤС

<PRE>
	CREATE TABLE person ( 
		id   SERIAL, 
		name TEXT 
	);
</PRE>
ϼưŪ˼Τ褦ޤ:
<PRE>
	CREATE SEQUENCE person_id_seq;
	CREATE TABLE person ( 
		id   INT4 NOT NULL DEFAULT nextval('person_id_seq'),
		name TEXT 
	);
	CREATE UNIQUE INDEX person_id_key ON person ( id );
</PRE>
֤ˤĤƤΤäȾܤϡ饤ޥ˥奢 <I>create_sequence</I> 
<P> ޤƹԤ<I>OID</I>եɤͤȤƻȤȤǤޤʤ顢⤷ǡ١פƤɤɬפϡ<font size=-1>OID</font>¸뤿<I>pg_dump</I>  <I>-o</I>ץȤޤϡ<font size=-1>COPY WITH OIDS</I>ץȤɬפޤ

 Bruce Momjian <A HREF="http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/aw_pgsql_book">(http://www.PostgreSQL.org/docs/aw_pgsql_book) Numbering Rows</A>ξϤˤꤢޤ


<H4><A NAME="4.16.2">4.16.2</A>)	<font size=-1>SERIAL</font>󥵡ȤͤϤɤޤ
</H4><P>

 ҤȤĤˡϡ<I>nextval()</I> ؿ<I>(before)</I> SEQUENCE֥Ȥ鼡<font size=-1>SERIAL</font>ͤФ줫ºݤ򤹤뤳ȤǤ礦
<A HREF="#4.16.1">4.16.1</A>ǻȤäơ֥ȤȤȡΤ褦ˤʤǤ礦

<PRE>
	$newSerialID = nextval('person_id_seq');
	INSERT INTO person (id, name) VALUES ($newSerialID, 'Blaise Pascal');
</PRE>

ơ<tt>$newSerialID</tt> ¸ͤ¾䤤碌(ȤС<tt>person</tt> ơ֥Ф볰(foreign key)Τ褦)ȤȤ褤Ǥ礦ưŪ˺줿<font size=-1>SEQUENCE</font>֥Ȥ̾ϡ&lt;<I>table</I>&gt;_&lt;<I>serialcolumn</I>&gt;_<I>seq</I> Τ褦ˤʤꡢΤ<I>table</I>  <I>serialcolumn</I> Ϥ줾ơ֥̾<font size=-1>SERIAL</font>̾Ǥ
<P>

뤤ϡͿ줿<font size=-1>SERIAL</font>ͤ򡢤줬ͤȤ줿<I>(after)</I> <I>currval</I>() ؿȤäƼФȤǤޤȤС

<PRE>
	INSERT INTO person (name) VALUES ('Blaise Pascal');
	$newID = currval('person_id_seq');
</PRE>

Ǹˡ<font size=-1>INSERT</font>ʸ֤<A HREF="#4.17"><font size=-1>OID</font></A>ȤäơͤߤĤ뤳ȤǤޤϺǤܿ㤤Ǥ礦PerlDBI Edmund Mergl  DBD::Pg ⥸塼ȤС$sth->execute() θ $sth-&gt{pg_oid_status} ͳƤ OID ͤȤ褦ˤ뤳ȤϤǤޤ

<P> 
<H4><A NAME="4.16.3">4.16.3</A>)	¾Υ桼Ȥζ֤򤱤뤿ˤϡ<I>currval()</I>  <I>nextval()</I> ϻȤʤۤ褤ΤǤ礦
</H4><P>

ޤ󡣥ХåɤǽƤޤ


<P> 
<H4><A NAME="4.17">4.17</A>)	<font size=-1>OID</font> ȤϲǤ <font size=-1>TID</font> ȤϲǤ
</H4>

<P> <font size=-1>OID</font> Ȥϰդι ID Ф PostgreSQL ǤPostgreSQL ǤĤ뤹٤ƤιԤϰդ <font size=-1>OID</font> ޤ<I>initdb</I> (<I>backend/access/transam.h</I> )ȯ <font size=-1>OID</font> Ϥ٤ 16384꾮ͤǤ<I>initdb</I> Τ٤Ƥ <font size=-1>OID</font> (桼)ϤʾͤˤʤޤǤϡ餹٤Ƥ <font size=-1>OID</font> ϥơ֥ǡ١αޤ餺PostgreSQL ΤΥ󥹥ȥ졼ǰդǤޤ

<P> PostgreSQL ϥơ֥֤ιԤӤĤ뤿ˡΥƥơ֥ <font size=-1>OID</font> Ȥޤ <font size=-1>OID</font> Υ桼ιԤ̤뤿ǻȤ뤳ȤǤޤ<font size=-1>OID</font> ͤ¸뤿ˤ <I>OID</I> ˻ȤȤ򾩤ޤ®뤿 <I>OID</I> եɤ˥ǥå뤳ȤǤޤ

<P> O<font size=-1>ID</font> ϡƤΥǡ١Ȥΰ褫顢ƤοԤ˳Ƥޤ<font size=-1>OID</font> ¾βѤ⤷ϸ <font size=-1>OID</font> ǥơ֥򥳥ԡΤʤ顢ǤʤͳϤޤ

<PRE>
        CREATE TABLE new_table(old_oid oid, mycol int);
        SELECT old_oid, mycol INTO new FROM old;
        COPY new TO '/tmp/pgtable';
        DELETE FROM new;
        COPY new WITH OIDS FROM '/tmp/pgtable';
<!--
	CREATE TABLE new_table (mycol int);
	INSERT INTO new_table (oid, mycol) SELECT oid, mycol FROM old_table;
-->
</PRE>

<P> O<font size=-1>ID</font> ϡ4ХȤȤ¸ƤΤǡ40ۤȰƤޤǤ礦ï⤳줬𤷤ƤͤϤޤǤʤˤ¤Ȥײ褷Ƥޤ

<P> T<font size=-1>ID</font> ʪԤ򤽤Υ֥åȥեåͤǼ̤뤿˻Ȥޤ<font size=-1>TID</font> ϹԤ줿ƥɤѤޤ <font size=-1>TID</font> ϡʪԤؤ˥ǥåܤǻȤޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.18">4.18</A>)	PostgreSQL ǻȤ뤤ĤѸΰ̣ϲǤ
</H4>

<P> ĤΥɤŤʸˤϡ줾ʬǤäȰŪ˻ȤѸ줬ȤƤޤ

<UL>
<LI> ơ֥(table)ط(relation)饹(class)
<LI> (row)쥳(record)åץ(tuple)
<LI> (column)ե(field)°(attribute)
<LI> (retrieve)(select)
<LI> ִ(replace)(update)
<LI> ɲ(append)(insert)
<LI> <font size=-1>OID</font>, Ϣ(serial value)
<LI> ݡ(portal), (cursor)
<LI> ΰѿ(range variable)ơ֥̾(table name)ơ֥̾(table alias)
</UL>
<P>Ūʥǡ١ѸΥꥹȤϡ<a
href="http://www.comptechnews.com/~reaster/dbdesign.html">
http://www.comptechnews.com/~reaster/dbdesign.html</a>
ǸĤޤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.19">4.19</A>) 顼å <I>"ERROR: Memory exhausted in AllocSetAlloc()"</I>ФΤϤʤǤ
</H4>
<P>
ƥβۥ꡼ƻȤ̤ƤޤäƤǽ뤫뤤
ͥ뤬꥽ˤĤ㤤ͤäƤǽޤ
<I>postmaster</I> 򳫻ϤˤƤߤƲ

<PRE>
	ulimit -d 262144
	limit datasize 256m
</PRE>

<P> 
ˤäơɤ餫ҤȤĤǤ礦ϥץΥǡ¤⤯ꤷ֤䤤碌뤹褦ˤʤǤ礦ΥޥɤϸԤΥץȡΥޥɤ餻˺ƤΥ֥ץˤĤŬѤޤХåɤȤƤ¿Υǡ֤<font size=-1>SQL</font> 饤Ȥ꤬³ƤΤǤС饤Ȥ򳫻ϤˤƤߤƤ

<P>
<H4><A NAME="4.20">4.20</A>) ɤΥС PostgreSQL 餻Ƥ뤫Ĵ٤ˤϤɤޤ<BR>
</H4>
<P>
<I>psql</I>  <tt>select version();</tt> 򥿥פޤ
<P>


<H4><A NAME="4.21">4.21</A>)	顼֥Ȥ<I>invalid large obj descriptor</I> ޤʤǤ礦
</H4>

<P>顼֥򤹤Ȥϡ<tt>BEGIN WORK</tt><tt>COMMIT</tt>դɬפޤʤ<tt>lo_open</tt> ... <tt>lo_close</tt>Ϥ߹ߤޤ

<P>ߤϡPostgreSQLΥȥ󥶥ΥߥåȻ˥顼֥ȡϥɥĤ뤳Ȥˤꡢ<I>lo_open</I>ޥɤλľ˶Ū˥롼¹ԤޤΤᡢǽ˥ϥɥФƲ򤷤褦Ȥȡ<I>invalid large obj descriptor(顼֥ȤεһҤ)</I>Ȥʤޤǡ⤷ȥ󥶥ȤΤ˺ȡʾʤȤۤȤɤλ֡ƯƤɤ顼åФΤǤ

<P>⤷<font size=-1>ODBC</font>Τ褦ʥ饤ȥ󥿡ե򤪻Ȥʤ顢<tt>auto-commit off</tt>ꤹɬפ뤫⤷ޤ
<P>


<H4><A NAME="4.22">4.22</A>) ߤλ郎ǥեȤȤʤ褦ϤɤΤ褦ˤĤޤ<BR></H4>

<P><i>now()</i>Ȥޤ:
<PRE>
	CREATE TABLE test (x int, modtime timestamp DEFAULT now() );
</PRE>
<P>


<H4><A NAME="4.23">4.23</A>)	ʤ<font size=-1>IN</font>Ȥ䤤碌ȤƤ٤ΤǤ
</H4>
<P>
ߡ䤤碌γƹԤˤĤ䤤碌η̤֤˥󤹤뤳Ȥˤꡢ䤤碌䤤碌˷礷Ƥޤ̤<font size=-1>IN</font><font size=-1>EXIST</font>S֤뤳ȤǤ
<PRE>
	SELECT *
	FROM tab
	WHERE col1 IN (SELECT col2 FROM TAB2)
</PRE>
֤ơ
<PRE>
	SELECT *
	FROM tab
	WHERE EXISTS (SELECT col2 FROM TAB2 WHERE col1 = col2)
</PRE>
Ȥޤ
¤ϾΥ꡼ľȻפäƤޤ
<P>

<H4><A NAME="4.24">4.24</A>) <i></i>(<i>outer</i> join)ϤɤΤ褦˼¸ޤ?<BR></H4>
<P>
PostgreSQL 7.1 ʹߤǤ<font size=-1>SQL</font>ɸ๽ʸȤ(祤)򥵥ݡȤޤˡ꤬2Ĥޤ

<pre> SELECT *
 FROM t1 LEFT OUTER JOIN t2 ON (t1.col = t2.col);</pre>
뤤
<pre> SELECT *
 FROM t1 LEFT OUTER JOIN t2 USING (col);</pre>

ξħŪ䤤碌Ǥ t1.col  t2.col ȷ礷ơt1 
礵ʤä(t2 Ȱפʤä)֤Ƥޤ<font size=-1>RIGHT</font>  t2 η礵ʤäԤäǤ礦<font size=-1>FULL</font> ϡפԤ t1  t2 Ϸ礵ʤäԤ֤Ǥ礦<font size=-1>OUTER</font> Ȥդϥץ <font size=-1>LEFT</font>, <font size=-1>RIGHT</font>, ޤ <font size=-1>FULL</font> ʤɤηꤵƤޤ









+These identical queries join t1.col to t2.col, and also return any unjoined
+rows in t1 (those with no match in t2). A <font size=-1>RIGHT</font> join
+would add unjoined rows of t2. A <font size=-1>FULL</font> join would return
+the matched rows plus all unjoined rows from t1 and t2. The word <font size=-1>OUTER</font>
+is optional and is assumed in <font size=-1>LEFT</font>, <font size=-1>RIGHT</font>,
+and <font size=-1>FULL</font> joins. Ordinary joins are called <font size=-1>INNER</font>
+joins.


Υ꡼Ǥϳ(outer join)<font size=-1>UNION</font>  <font size=-1>NOT IN</font> Ȥäƥߥ졼ȤǤޤ
ȤС<i>tab1</i>  <i>tab2</i> 礹Ȥϡ䤤碌ĤΥơ֥<i></i>礷ޤ

<PRE>
	SELECT tab1.col1, tab2.col2
	FROM tab1, tab2
	WHERE tab1.col1 = tab2.col1
	UNION ALL
	SELECT tab1.col1, NULL
	FROM tab1
	WHERE tab1.col1 NOT IN (SELECT tab2.col1 FROM tab2)
	ORDER BY col1
</PRE>


<P>
<HR>
<H2><CENTER>PostgreSQLγĥˤĤƤμ</CENTER></H2>
<P>

<H4><A NAME="5.1">5.1</A>)	ʬǽ񤤤桼ؿ psql Ǽ¹ԤȥפƤޤΤϤʤǤ
</H4>

<P> Ͽȹͤޤޤǽˡ桼ؿñȤΥƥȥץˤƻƤߤƲ


<P>
<H4><A NAME="5.2">5.2</A>)	PostgreSQL Ѥ˽񤤤ʿؿϡɤд£Ǥޤ
</H4>

<P> ιԤʤäĥ<I>pgsql-hackers</I> ᡼󥰡ꥹȤäƤơ椯椯Ϥĥ <I>contrib/</I> ֥ǥ쥯ȥ뤳ȤˤʤǤ礦

<P>
<H4><A NAME="5.3">5.3</A>)	ץ֤ CδؿϤɤΤ褦˽񤭤ޤ
</H4>

<P> ŪˤϲǽǤˤϵˤ̯פޤΤǡԤΤޤǤ̤ïäȤޤ

<P><H4><A NAME="5.4">5.4</A>)	եѹޤƥѥ뤷ƤѲʤΤϤʤǤ
</H4>

<P> Ĥ <I>Makefile</I> 󥯥롼ɡեФŬڤʰ¸طäƤޤ<I>make clean</I> 򤷤Ƥ⤦ <I>make</I> ԤʤʤƤϤʤޤ󡣤⤷<font size=-1>GCC</font> 򤪻ȤǤ <i>configure</i>  <i>--enable-depend</i> ץȤäơѥ˰¸طưŪĴ٤뤳ȤǤޤ

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